What is love in different languages

What is love ? Love is any of a number of emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong affection and attachment . The word love can refer to a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes, ranging from generic pleasure ("I loved that meal") to intense interpersonal attraction ("I love my boyfriend"). This diversity of uses and meanings, combined with the complexity of the feelings involved, makes love unusually difficult to consistently define, even compared to other emotional states. As an abstract concept, love usually refers to a deep, ineffable feeling of tenderly caring for another person. Even this limited conception of love, however, encompasses a wealth of different feelings, from the passionate desire and intimacy of romantic love to the nonsexual emotional closeness of familial and platonic love to the profound oneness or devotion of religious love . Love in its various forms acts as a major facilitator of interpersonal relationships and, owing to its central psychological importance, is one of the most common themes in the creative arts .

Afrikaans is an Indo-European language , derived from Dutch and thus classified as Low Franconian West Germanic . It is mainly spoken in South Africa and Namibia , with smaller numbers of speakers living in Botswana , Angola , Swaziland , Zimbabwe , Lesotho , Zambia , Australia , New Zealand , United States of America , Taiwan and Argentina ,[object Object]

Albanian is a unique Indo-European language spoken by nearly 6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including the west of the Republic of Macedonia , Montenegro , and southern Serbia . ,[object Object]

Arabic is a Central Semitic language , thus related to and classified alongside other Semitic languages such as Hebrew and Syriac . In terms of speakers, Arabic is the largest member of the Semitic language family. It is spoken by more than 280 million people as a first language and by 250 million more as a second language . Most native speakers live in the Middle East and North Africa ,[object Object]

The Armenian language is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenian people . It is the official language of the Republic of Armenia as well as in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh . The language is also widely spoken by Armenian communities in the Armenian diaspora . It has its own script, the Armenian alphabet . ,[object Object]

Bambara , also known as Bamanankan in the language itself (literally "the language of the Bamanan"), is a language spoken in Mali by as many as six million people (including second language users). The differences between Bambara and Dioula are minimal. Dioula is a language spoken or understood by a lesser number of people in Burkina Faso , Côte d'Ivoire , and The Gambia . The Bambara language is the mother tongue of the Bambara ethnic group, numbering about 2,700,000 people, but serves also as a lingua franca in Mali (it is estimated that about 80% of the population speaks it as a first or second language). ,[object Object]

Bengali or Bangla is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent , evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit and Sanskrit languages. Bengali is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal , which comprises present day Bangladesh , the Indian state of West Bengal , southern Assam - also known as Barak Valley , and part of Tripura . With nearly 230 million total speakers, Bengali is one of the most spoken languages in the world. Bengali is the primary language spoken in Bangladesh and is the second most spoken language in India. Along with Assamese , it is geographically the most eastern of the Indo-Iranian languages and the most eastern of the Indo-European languages . ,[object Object]

The Belarusian language , or Belorussian is the language of the Belarusian people and is spoken in Belarus and abroad, chiefly in Russia , Ukraine , and Poland . It belongs to the group of the East Slavonic languages , and shares many grammatical and lexical features with other members of the group. Its predecessor was the Old Belarusian language ,[object Object]

The B isayans are an ethnolinguistic group in the Philippine Islands . They live in the Visayas , and some part of Mindanao but others have migrated elsewhere in the Philippines, including Luzon ; conversely, permanent migrants to the Visayas are also referred to as Visayans. Several sub-ethnolinguistic groupings in the Philippines comprise the Visayans: The largest of these groups are the speakers of Cebuano , Hiligaynon , and Waray-Waray . These languages, commonly referred to locally as indigenous dialects , are all classified as Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian). ,[object Object],[object Object]

Bulgarian Bulgarian is an Indo-European language , a member of the Slavic linguistic group.Bulgarian demonstrates several linguistic innovations that set it apart from all other Slavic languages except Macedonian , such as the elimination of case declension , the development of a suffixed definite article , the lack of a verb infinitive , and the retention and further development of the proto-Slavic verb system. Various verb forms exist to express unwitnessed, retold, and doubtful action. Estimates of the number of people around the world who speak Bulgarian fluently range from about 9 million to 12 million ,[object Object]

Cambodian . More than 90% of its population is of Khmer origin and speaks the Khmer language , the country's official language. The remainder include Chinese , Vietnamese, Cham and Khmer Loeu . The Khmer language is a member of the Mon-Khmer subfamily of the Austroasiatic language group. French, once the language of government in Indochina , is still spoken by some older Cambodians. French is also the language of instruction in some schools and universities that are funded by the government of France. Cambodian French , a remnant of the country's colonial past, is a dialect found in Cambodia and is sometimes used in government. However, in recent decades, many younger Cambodians and those in the business-class have favoured learning English. In the major cities and tourist centers, English is widely spoken and taught at a large number of schools due to the overwhelming number of tourists from English-speaking countries. Even in the most rural outposts, however, most young people speak at least some English, as it is often taught by monks at the local pagodas where many children are educated. ,[object Object]

Cantonese Chinese after the Mandarin pronunciation is a primary branch of Chinese . The name "Cantonese" is also commonly used in a narrower sense for Standard Cantonese , the prestige dialect of Cantonese in the broader sense. The exact number of Cantonese speakers is unknown due to a lack of statistics and census data. The areas with the highest concentration of speakers are Guangdong and parts of Guangxi in southern mainland China , Hong Kong and Macau ; with Cantonese-speaking minorities in Southeast Asia , Canada , and the United States . ,[object Object]

Catalan pronounced is a Romance language , the national and official language of Andorra , and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of the Balearic Islands , Catalonia and Valencian Community , where it is known as Valencià ( Valencian ) and in the city of Alghero in the Italian island of Sardinia . It is also spoken, although with no official recognition, in the autonomous communities of Aragon (in La Franja ) and Murcia (in Carche ) in Spain , and, officially recognised to some extent, in the historic Roussillon region of southern France . ,[object Object]

Cheyenne The Cheyenne of Montana and Oklahoma speak the Cheyenne language , known as tsêhésenêstsestôtse in the Cheyenne language, with only a handful of vocabulary items different between the two locations; the Cheyenne alphabet contains fourteen letters. The Cheyenne language is part of the larger Algonquian language group. ,[object Object]

Chichew is a language of the Bantu language family widely spoken in south-central Africa. The prefix chi- means "the language of" so that "Chichewa" means "language of the Chewa tribe", and hence the language is also known simply as Chewa . ,[object Object]

Corsican ( Corsu or Lingua Corsa ) is a continuum of Romance languages spoken and written on the islands of Corsica ( France ) and northern Sardinia ( Italy ), alongside French and Italian , which are the official languages. Corsu is the traditional native language of the Corsican people, and was long the sole language of the island, which was acquired by France in 1768. In 1990, more than two centuries later, nearly all Corsicans were fluent in French, usually as a first language. ,[object Object]

A creole language , or simply a creole , is a stable language that originates seemingly as a nativized pidgin . While it is arguable that creoles share more grammatical similarities with each other than with the languages they phylogenetically derive from, no theory for explaining creole phenomena has been universally accepted. The relationship between pidgins and creoles and their similarities means that the distinction is not clear-cut and the variety of phenomena that arise to create pidgins and creoles are not well understood . Likewise, efforts to articulate grammatical features (or sets of features) that are exclusive to creoles have been unsuccessful thus far. ,[object Object]

The Croatian language is a South Slavic language which is used primarily in Croatia , by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina , by Croatian minorities in some neighbouring countries, in the Italian region of Molise , and parts of the Croatian diaspora. ,[object Object]

Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers; it is the majority language in the Czech Republic and spoken by Czechs worldwide. Czech is similar to and mutually intelligible with Slovak and, to a lesser extent, to Polish and Sorbian . ,[object Object]

Danish is one of the North Germanic languages (also called Scandinavian languages), a sub-group of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages . It is spoken by around 6 million people, mainly in Denmark ; the language is also used by the 50,000 Danes in the northern parts of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany where it holds the status of minority language. Danish also holds official status and is a mandatory subject in school in the Danish territories of Greenland and the Faroe Islands , which now enjoy limited autonomy. In Iceland , Danish is also taught as a compulsory foreign language in schools. There are also Danish language communities in Argentina , the U.S. and Canada . ,[object Object]

Dutch is a West Germanic language spoken by over 22 million people as a native language , and over 5 million people as a second language . Most native speakers live in the Netherlands , Belgium , and Suriname , with smaller groups of speakers in parts of France , Germany and several former Dutch colonies . It is closely related to other West Germanic languages (e.g., English , West Frisian and German ) and somewhat more remotely to the North Germanic languages . ,[object Object]

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England . As a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire during the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries and of the United States since the late 19th century, it has become the lingua franca in many parts of the world It is used extensively as a second language and as an official language in Commonwealth countries and many international organizations . ,[object Object],[object Object]

Esperanto is the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language in the world. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto, the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro , in 1887. The word esperanto means "one who hopes" in the language itself. Zamenhof's goal was to create an easy and flexible language that would serve as a universal second language to foster peace and international understanding. Esperanto has had continuous usage by a community estimated at between 100,000 and 2 million speakers for over a century, and approximately one thousand native speakers However, no country has adopted the language officially . Today, Esperanto is employed in world travel, correspondence, cultural exchange, conventions, literature, language instruction, television, and radio broadcasting. ,[object Object]

Estonian is the official language of Estonia , spoken by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various émigré communities. It is a Finno-Ugric language and is closely related to Finnish . ,[object Object]

Ethiopian Semitic (also known as Ethiopian, Ethiosemitic or Ethiopic) is a language group, which together with Old South Arabian , forms the Western branch of the South Semitic languages. Today, the name Ethiopian can be considered a misnomer, as the North languages are also found in Eritrea , with two of them being exclusively used there; however, the term came into use before Eritrea had separated from Ethiopia. Scientific research on Ethiopian Semitic is carried out in the fields of linguistics and Ethiopian Studies . ,[object Object]

Faroese often also spelled Faeroese is a West Nordic or West Scandinavian language spoken by 48,000 people in the Faroe Islands and about 12,000 Faroese in Denmark . It is one of three insular Scandinavian languages descended from the Old Norse language spoken in Scandinavia in the Viking Age , the others being Icelandic and the extinct Norn , which is thought to have been mutually intelligible with Faroese. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Persian (local names, Farsi or Parsi ), is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages . It is mainly spoken in Iran , Afghanistan , Tajikistan , Uzbekistan and Bahrain and also in surrounding areas; it has official-language status in the first three countries under different names. The Persian language has been a medium for literary and scientific contributions to the Islamic world as well as the Western. It has had an influence on certain neighboring languages, particularly the Turkic languages of Central Asia , Caucasus , and Anatolia as well as Urdu , Hindi , Saraiki and other Indian languages . It has had a lesser influence on Arabic and other languages of Mesopotamia . ,[object Object]

Filipino is the national and an official language of the Philippines as designated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution . It is an Austronesian language that is based from the existing native language Tagalog . The Filipino language is in evolution, development and further enrichment on the basis of existing Philippine and other languages. It is the first language of Filipinos living in Metro Manila and the second language of most Filipinos ,[object Object]

Finnish is the language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland (92% )and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland. It is one of the official languages of Finland and an official minority language in Sweden . In Sweden, both standard Finnish and Meänkieli , a Finnish dialect, are spoken. The Kven language , which is closely related to Finnish, is an official minority language in Norway . ,[object Object]

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 90 million people as first language , by 190 million as second language , and by about another 200 million people as an acquired foreign language , with significant speakers in 54 countries. Most native speakers of the language live in France , where the language originated. The rest live essentially in Canada , Belgium , Switzerland , Francophone Africa , Luxembourg , and Monaco . Most second language speakers of French live in Francophone Africa, arguably exceeding the number of native speakers. It is an official language of all United Nations agencies and a large number of international organizations . According to the European Union , 129 million (26% of the 497,198,740) people in 27 member states speak French, of which 65 million (12%) are native speakers and 69 million (14%) claim to speak it either as a second or foreign language, which makes it the third most spoken second language in the Union, after English and German . In addition, prior to the early 20th century, French served as the preeminent language of diplomacy among European and colonial powers as well as a lingua franca among the educated classes of Europe. ,[object Object]

Gaelic languages or Goidelic languages Irish language , or the derived Newfoundland Irish dialect Scottish Gaelic , or the derived Canadian Gaelic dialect Manx language When referring to Irish Gaelic or Manx Gaelic (i.e. spoken in the Isle of Man In Ireland people rarely call the Irish language 'Gaelic'. Most people refer to it simply as 'Irish', or 'Gaeilge' in the language itself. In Ireland, the term Gaelic usually refers to the sport of hurling or Gaelic football . ,[object Object]

Georgian is the native tongue of the Georgians and the official language of Georgia , a country in the Caucasus . Georgian is the primary language of about 3.9 million people in Georgia itself, and of another 500,000 abroad (chiefly in Turkey , Iran , Russia , the USA and Europe ). It is the literary language for all regional subgroups of the Georgian ethnos ,[object Object]

German is a West Germanic language , thus related to and classified alongside English and Dutch . It is one of the world's major languages and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union . Around the world, German is spoken by approximately 105 million native speakers and also by about 80 million non-native speakers . Standard German is widely taught in schools, universities and Goethe Institutes worldwide. ,[object Object]

Greek is an Indo-European language native to the southern Balkan peninsula , the language of the Greeks . It forms an independent branch within Indo-European. It has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. In its ancient form, it is the language of classical Ancient Greek literature and the New Testament of the Christian Bible. In its modern form, it is the official language of Greece and Cyprus , and spoken by approximately 20 million people including minority and emigrant communities in numerous parts of the world. It is written in the Greek alphabet ,[object Object]

Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language , and part of the greater Indo-European language family . It is native to the Indian state of Gujarat , and is its chief language, as well as of the adjacent union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli . There are about 46.1 million speakers of Gujarati worldwide, making it the 26th most spoken native language in the world. Along with Romany and Sindhi , it is among the most western of Indo-Aryan languages. Gujarati was the first language of Mohandas K. Gandhi , the " father of India", Mohammed Ali Jinnah , the "father of Pakistan ," and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel , the "iron man of India." ,[object Object]

Hiligaynon (sometimes also known as " Ilonggo ") is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines . Hiligaynon is concentrated in the provinces of Iloilo and Negros Occidental . It is also spoken in the other provinces of the Panay Island group, such as Capiz , Antique , Aklan , Guimaras , and many parts of Mindanao like Koronadal City , South Cotabato , Sultan Kudarat and many parts of North Cotabato (It is spoken as a second language by Karay-a in Antique, Aklanon and Malaynon in Aklan, Cebuano in Siquijor and Capiznon in Capiz.). There are approximately 7,000,000 people in and outside the Philippines who are native speakers of Hiligaynon, and an additional 4,000,000 who are capable of speaking it with a substantial degree of proficiency.It is a member of the Visayan language family. ,[object Object],[object Object]

The Hawaiian language is a Polynesian language that takes its name from Hawaiʻi , the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed. Hawaiian, along with English , is an official language of the State of Hawaii . King Kamehameha III established the first Hawaiian-language constitution in 1839 and 1840. For various reasons, the number of native speakers of Hawaiian gradually decreased during the period from the 1830s to the 1950s. Hawaiian was essentially displaced by English on six of the seven inhabited islands. As of 2000, native speakers of Hawaiian amount to under 0.1% of the statewide population. Linguists are worried about the fate of this and other endangered languages . ,[object Object],[object Object]

Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family . Hebrew in its modern form is spoken by more than seven million people in Israel while Classical Hebrew has been used for prayer or study in Jewish communities around the world for over two millennia. It is one of the official languages of Israel, along with Arabic . Ancient Hebrew is also the liturgical tongue of the Samaritans , while modern Hebrew or Palestinian Arabic is their vernacular, though today about 700 Samaritans remain. As a foreign language it is studied mostly by Jews and students of Judaism and Israel, archaeologists and linguists specializing in the Middle East and its civilizations, by theologians, and in Christian seminaries. ,[object Object]

Hindi is the name given to an Indo-Aryan language , or a dialect continuum of languages, spoken in northern and central India (the " Hindi belt "). As defined in the Constitution, Hindi is one of the two official languages of communication (English being the other) for India's federal government and is one of the 22 scheduled languages specified in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution. Official Hindi is often described as Standard Hindi , which along with English , is used for administration of the central government. Hindustani or Standard Hindi is also an official language of Fiji . Standard Hindi is a sanskritised register derived from the khari boli dialect. Urdu is a different, persianised register of the same dialect. ,[object Object]

Hmong or Mong is the common name for a group of dialects of the West Hmongic (Chuanqiandian) branch of the Hmong-Mien/Miao-Yao language family spoken by the Hmong people of Sichuan , Yunnan , Guizhou , Guangxi , northern Vietnam , Thailand , and Laos . The total number of speakers worldwide has been estimated to be more than 4 million, including over 200,000 Hmong Americans . Some dialects are mutually intelligible while others are so distinct as to be considered separate languages. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Hopi is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Hopi people (a Pueblo group) of northeastern Arizona , USA , although today some Hopi are monolingual English speakers. The use of the language gradually declined over the course of the 20th century. In 1990, it was estimated that over 5,000 other people could speak Hopi natively (approximately 70% of the population), at least 40 of them monolingual.Due to the fact that relatively few people speak Hopi, it is in danger of extinction in the near future. ,[object Object]

Hungarian is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language ) unrelated to most other languages in Europe . It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries. There are about 14.5 million native speakers, of whom 9.5–10 million live in modern-day Hungary. ,[object Object]

Icelandic is a North Germanic language , the language of Iceland . Its closest relative is Faroese and Norwegian dialects such as Telemark dialect and Sognamål .While most West European languages have greatly reduced levels of inflection , particularly in regards to noun declension , Icelandic retains an inflectional grammar comparable to that of Latin or, more closely, Old Norse and Old English . ,[object Object]

Indonesian is the official national language of Indonesia . It is based on a version of Classical Malay of the Riau - Johor Sultinate. It was first declared the official language with the declaration of Indonesian independence in 1945, following the 1928 unifying-language declaration in the Indonesian Youth Pledge . Almost 100% of Indonesia's 240 million inhabitants speak the language and it is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world . Most Indonesians, aside from speaking the national language, are fluent in another regional language or local dialect (examples include Minangkabau , Chinese , Sundanese , Javanese and Balinese ) that are commonly used at home and within the local community. Most formal education, as well as nearly all national media and other forms of communication, are conducted in Indonesian ,[object Object]

The Inuit language is traditionally spoken across the North American Arctic and to some extent in the subarctic in Labrador . It is also spoken in far eastern Russia , particularly the Diomede Islands , but is severely endangered in Russia today and is spoken only in a few villages on the Chukchi Peninsula . The Inuit live primarily in three countries: Greenland (an autonomous province of Denmark ), Canada (specifically in Nunavut , Labrador , Nunavik , and the Northwest Territories ), and the U.S. state of Alaska .The total population of Inuit speaking their traditional language is difficult to assess with precision, since most counts rely on self-reported census data that may not accurately reflect usage or competence. Greenland census estimates place the number of speakers of Inuit dialects there at roughly 50,000, while Canadian estimates are at roughly 35,000. These two countries count the bulk of speakers of Inuit language variants, although about 7,500 Alaskans speak Inuit dialects out of a population of over 13,000 Inuit. The Eskimo languages have a few hundred speakers in Russia. In addition, an estimated 7,000 Greenlandic Inuit live in European Denmark, but this is the largest group outside of Canada and Greenland. So, the global population of speakers of Inuit language variants is on the order of over 90,000 people. ,[object Object]

Irish is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people . Irish is now spoken natively by a small minority of the Irish population – mostly in Gaeltacht areas – but also plays an important symbolic role in the life of the Irish state, and is used across the country in a variety of media, personal contexts and social situations. It enjoys constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland and it is an official language of the European Union . Irish is also an officially recognised minority language in Northern Ireland . ,[object Object]

Italian is a Romance language spoken as mother-tongue by about 60 million people in Italy , and by a total of around 70 million in the world. In Switzerland , Italian is one of four official languages . It is also the official language of San Marino , as well as the primary language of Vatican City . Standard Italian, adopted by the state after the unification of Italy , is based on Tuscan (in particular on the dialects of the city of Florence ) and is somewhat intermediate between the Italo-Dalmatian languages of the South and the Gallo-Romance Northern Italian languages . Its development was also influenced by the other Italian dialects and by the Germanic language of the post-Roman Barbaric invaders but first and foremost it has been directly and heavily influenced by Latin. ,[object Object]

Japanese is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is related to the Japonic - Ryukyuan languages . Its relationships with other languages remain undemonstrated. It is an agglutinative language and is distinguished by a complex system of honorifics reflecting the hierarchical nature of Japanese society, with verb forms and particular vocabulary to indicate the relative status of the speaker, the listener, and a person mentioned in conversation (regardless of their presence). The sound inventory of Japanese is relatively small, and it has a lexically distinct pitch-accent system. It is a mora -timed language. ,[object Object]

Kannada is one of the major Dravidian languages of India , spoken predominantly in the state of Karnataka . Kannada, whose native speakers are called Kannadigas , number roughly 35 million, making it the 27th most spoken language in the world. It is one of the official languages of India and the official and administrative language of the state of Karnataka. The Kannada language is written using the Kannada script . The other native languages of Karnataka, Tulu , Kodava Takk , Beary bashe and Konkani are also written using the Kannada script. ,[object Object]

Kapampangan , also spelled Capampan͠gan , is one of the major languages of the Philippines . It is the language spoken in the province of Pampanga , the southern half of the province of Tarlac and the northern portion of the province of Bataan . Kapampangan is also understood in some barrios of Bulacan and Nueva Ecija and by the Aitas of Zambales . The language is also called Pampango , Capampan͠gan , Pampangueño , and Amanung Sisuan . The latter literally means "breastfed language" and is analogous to the term "native language." ,[object Object]

Konkani is an Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-European family of languages spoken in the Konkan coast of India. It has approximately 7.6 million speakers of its two individual languages, Konkani and Goan Konkani.Konkani is the official language in the Indian state of Goa and is also one of the Official languages of India . Konkani does not have a unique script. Scripts of the other languages native to the regions its speakers inhabit are used. Devanagari has been mandated as the official script. ,[object Object]

Korean is the official language of North Korea and South Korea . It is also one of the two official languages in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China . There are about 78 million Korean speakers. It was formerly written using Hanja , borrowed Chinese characters pronounced in the Korean way. In the 15th century a national writing system was developed by Sejong the Great , currently called Hangul . ,[object Object]

Latin is an Italic language historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome . Through the Roman conquest , Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe . Romance languages such as Italian , French , Catalan , Romanian , Spanish , and Portuguese are descended from Latin, while many others, especially European languages , including English , have inherited and acquired much of their vocabulary from Latin. It was the international language of science and scholarship in central and western Europe until the 17th century, then it was gradually replaced by vernacular languages , especially French, becoming the new lingua franca of Europe. There are two main varieties of Latin: Classical Latin , the literary dialect used in poetry and prose, and Vulgar Latin , the form of the language spoken by ordinary people. Vulgar Latin was preserved as a spoken language in much of Europe after the decline of the Roman Empire , and by the 9th century diverged into the various Romance languages . ,[object Object]

Latvian is the official state language of Latvia . It is also sometimes referred to as Lettish. There are about 1.4 million native Latvian speakers in Latvia and about 150,000 abroad. The Latvian language has a relatively large number of non-native speakers, atypical for a small language. Because of language policy in Latvia approximately 60% of the 900,000 ethnic-minority population of Latvia speak Latvian. The use of the Latvian language in various areas of the social life in Latvia is increasing. Latvian is a Baltic language and is most closely related to Lithuanian , although the two are not mutually intelligible . ,[object Object]

Lebanese or Lebanese Arabic is the variety of Arabic spoken in Lebanon . Lebanese Arabic is one of the Levantine varieties of Arabic. Lebanese dialect shares 80% of its vocabulary with Syrian Arabic, and about 75% with Jordanian and Palestinian Arabic dialects (today mainly living in Gaza, West Bank, Israel, and refugee camps in several countries including Lebanon and Jordan). French, Turkic, and Persian loanwords make less than 20%. ,[object Object]

Lithuanian is the official state language of Lithuania and is recognized as one of the official languages of the European Union . There are about 2.96 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 170,001 abroad. Lithuanian is a Baltic language , closely related to Latvian , although they are not mutually intelligible . It is written in an adapted version of the Roman script . ,[object Object]

Malay refers to a group of languages closely related to each other to the point of mutual intelligibility but that linguists consider to be separate languages. They are grouped into a group called "Local Malay", part of a larger group called "Malayan" within the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family. The various forms of Malay are spoken in Brunei , Indonesia (where the national language, Indonesian , is one form of it), Malaysia , Singapore , and southern Thailand Malay is an official language of Brunei and Malaysia , and one of the official languages in Singapore . The national language of Indonesia is Indonesian, formally referred to as Bahasa Indonesia which literally translates as " Indonesian language ". It is also called Bahasa Kebangsaan (National Language) and Bahasa Persatuan/Pemersatu (Unifying Language) in Indonesia. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Malayalam is a Dravidian language used predominantly in the state of Kerala , in southern India . It is one of the 22 official languages of India , and it is used by around 36 million people. Malayalam is also widely used in the union territories of Lakshadweep and Mahé , the Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu , and Dakshina Kannada , and Kodagu districts of Karnataka . It is also used by a large population of Indian expatriates living in the Persian Gulf , United States , Singapore , Australia , and Europe . ,[object Object]

Mandarin ( traditional Chinese ), is a category of related Chinese dialects spoken across most of northern and south-western China . When taken as a separate language, as is often done in academic literature, the Mandarin language has more native speakers than any other language. The "standard" in Standard Mandarin refers to the standard Beijing dialect of the Mandarin language. ,[object Object]

Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of south western India . It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra . There are 90 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi is the 4th most spoken language in India and the 15th most spoken language in the world. Marathi is the oldest of the regional literatures in Indo-Aryan languages, dating from about AD 1000. ,[object Object]

Mohawk is a Native American language spoken by the Mohawk nation in the United States and Canada . It is part of the Iroquoian family. In schools of northern New York particularly in Native American Reservations Native American Languages are taught depending on the tribe in the reservation ,[object Object]

Moroccan Arabic is the variety of Arabic spoken in the Arabic -speaking areas of Morocco , as opposed to the official communications of government and other public bodies which use Modern Standard Arabic , as is the case in most Arabic-speaking countries, while a mixture of French and Moroccan Arabic is used in Business. It is within the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum ,[object Object]

Nahuatl , (stress being on the first syllable) is a group of related languages and dialects of the Nahuan (traditionally called "Aztecan") branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family . Collectively they are spoken by an estimated 1.5 million Nahua people , most of whom live in Central Mexico . All Nahuan languages are indigenous to Mesoamerica . ,[object Object]

Navajo or Navaho is an Athabaskan language (of Na-Dené stock) spoken in the southwest United States by the Navajo people ( Diné ). It is geographically and linguistically one of the Southern Athabaskan languages (the majority of Athabaskan languages are spoken in northwest Canada and Alaska ). Navajo claims more speakers than any other Native American or First Nation language north of the U.S.-Mexico border , with more than 175,000 native speakers, and this number has actually increased with time. During World War II , a code based on Navajo was used by code talkers to send secure military messages over radio. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Norwegian ( norsk ) is a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Norway , where it is an official language. Together with Swedish and Danish , Norwegian forms a continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional variants ,[object Object]

The Pangasinan language is one of the twelve major languages in the Philippines .The language is spoken by more than one and a half million Pangasinan people (indigenous speakers) in the province of Pangasinan alone. Pangasinan is also spoken in other Pangasinan communities in the Philippines , and by Pangasinan immigrants in the United States . Pangasinan is the primary language in the province of Pangasinan , located on the west central area of the island of Luzon along the Lingayen Gulf . It is the official regional language in the province of Pangasinan , with a total population of the province of 2,434,086. ,[object Object]

Papiamento (or Papiamentu) is the official and most widely spoken language on the Caribbean islands of Aruba , Bonaire , and Curaçao (the so-called " ABC islands "). Papiamento is a Portuguese creole language , with vocabulary influences from African languages, Spanish, Dutch, English and Arawak native languages ,[object Object]

Persian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages . It is mainly spoken in Iran , Afghanistan , Tajikistan , Uzbekistan and Bahrain and also in surrounding areas; it has official-language status in the first three countries under different names. ,[object Object]

Pig Latin is a game of alterations played on the English language game . To form the Pig Latin form of an English word the initial consonant sound is transposed to the end of the word and an ay is affixed (Ex.: "banana" would yield anana-bay). The purpose of the alteration is to both obfuscate the encoding and to indicate for the intended recipient the encoding as 'Pig Latin'. The reference to Latin is a deliberate misnomer , as it is simply a form of jargon, used only for its English connotations as a 'strange and foreign-sounding language'. ,[object Object]

Polish an official language of Poland , has the largest number of speakers of any West Slavic language . Polish-speakers use the language in a uniform manner through most of Poland , and it has a Latin-based orthography . The language developed indigenously and retains many ancient Slavic features of pronunciation and grammar. Although non-Polish administrations in Poland sometimes attempted, historically, to suppress the Polish language, a rich literature has nonetheless developed over the centuries, and many works by Polish authors are available in translations in English and other languages. ,[object Object]

Portuguese is a Romance language that was originated in what is now Galicia and northern Portugal . It is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula . Today it is one of the world's major languages, ranked 6th according to number of native speakers (between 191 and 230 million). It is the language of about half of South America , even though Brazil is the only Portuguese-speaking nation in the Americas . It is also a major lingua franca in Portugal's former colonial possessions in Africa. It is an official language in nine countries Angola , Brazil , Cape Verde , East Timor , Guinea-Bissau , Macau , Mozambique , Portugal , São Tomé and Príncipe . ,[object Object]

Romanian or Daco-Romanian (dated: Rumanian or Roumanian); is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova . It has official status in Romania, Moldova, and the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in Serbia . In the Republic of Moldova, the language is officially called limba moldovenească ("Moldovan") for political reasons. Romanian speakers are scattered across many other countries, notably Italy , Spain , Russia , Ukraine , Israel , Portugal , United Kingdom , the United States , Canada , France , and Germany . ,[object Object]

Russian ( русский язык , transliteration : russkiy yazyk), is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia , the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages , and the largest native language in Europe . Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages and is one of three living members of the East Slavic languages , the others being Belarusian and Ukrainian . ,[object Object],Ya vas liubliu

Russian ,[object Object],[object Object]

The Serbian language is a South Slavic language , spoken chiefly in Serbia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Montenegro , Croatia , and in the Serbian diaspora . Standard Serbian is based on the Shtokavian dialect , like the modern Croatian and Bosnian , with which it is mutually intelligible, and was previously unified with under the standard known as Serbo-Croatian . It counts among the official (and minority) languages of Serbia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Montenegro , Croatia , Romania , Republic of Macedonia and Hungary . ,[object Object]

Tswana is a Bantu language written in the Latin Alphabet . English is the national and majority language of Botswana , whose people are the Batswana (singular Motswana). Although English is the official language of Botswana , the majority of speakers also understand Setswana. There are also speakers in Zimbabwe and Namibia . Internationally there are about 4 million speakers. Before South Africa became a multi-racial democracy, the bantustan of Bophuthatswana was set up to cover the Tswana speakers of South Africa. Tswana is a Bantu language , belonging to the Niger-Congo language family . It is most closely related to two other languages in the Sotho language group , Sesotho (Southern Sotho) and Northern Sotho ( Sesotho sa Leboa ). It has also been known as Beetjuans, Chuana (hence Bechuanaland ), Coana, Cuana, and Sechuana. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Sindhi is the language of the Sindh region of Pakistan . It is spoken by approximately 18 million people in Pakistan , and is also spoken in India ; it is the third most spoken language of Pakistan, and the official language of Sindh in Pakistan. It is also an official language of India. The government of Pakistan issues national identity cards to its citizens only in two languages, Sindhi and Urdu . It is an Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family , though it also shows signs of heavy Dravidian influence. ,[object Object]

The Siouan languages are a Native American language family of North America , and the second largest indigenous language family in North America, after Algonquian . The Siouan family is related to the Catawban family , together making up the Siouan-Catawban family . Some authors use the term Siouan to refer to the Siouan-Catawban family and the term Siouan proper to refer to the Siouan family.While the Lakota , Dakota , and Nakota comprise "the Great Sioux Nation ", the language family is much broader and includes "the old speakers", the Ho-Chunk and their linguistic cousins, the Crow . The Siouan family also extends eastward to Virginia and southward to the Gulf of Mexico . ,[object Object]

The Slovak language , not to be confused with sometimes incorrectly called “Slovakian”, is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages (together with Czech , Polish , Silesian , Kashubian , and Sorbian ).The Czech and Slovak languages are mutually intelligible which means that even after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia Czech may be used in all official proceedings and documents in Slovakia, and vice versa.Slovak is spoken in Slovakia (by 5 million people), the United States (500,000), the Czech Republic (320,000), northern Serbia (60,000), Ireland (30,000), Romania (22,000), Hungary (20,000), Poland (20,000), Canada (20,000), Croatia (5,000), Australia , Austria , Ukraine , and Bulgaria . ,[object Object]

Slovene or Slovenian is a South Slavic language spoken by approximately 2.4 million speakers worldwide, the majority of whom live in Slovenia . Slovene is one of the 23 official and working languages of the European Union . ,[object Object]

Spanish (español) sometimes called Castilian ( castellano ) is a Romance language that originated in northern Spain , and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade. It was taken most notably to the Americas , and also to Africa and Asia Pacific with the expansion of the Spanish Empire between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries. Spanish is growing increasingly popular as a second or third language in a number of countries due to logistical, economic, and touristic interest towards the many nations which chiefly use Spanish as the primary language. This phenomenon is most notable in Brazil, the United States, Italy, France, Portugal, and much of the Anglosphere in general. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Swahili ( Kiswahili ) is spoken by various ethnic groups that inhabit several large stretches of the Indian Ocean coastline from southern Somalia to northern Mozambique , including the Comoros Islands. Although only 5-10 million people speak it as their native language, Swahili is also a lingua franca of much of East Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo , is a national or official language of four nations, and is the only language of African origin among the official working languages of the African Union . ,[object Object],[object Object]

Swedish is a North Germanic language , spoken by around 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland , especially along the coast and on the Åland islands. It is to a considerable extent mutually intelligible with Norwegian and to a lesser extent with Danish (see especially " Classification "). Along with the other North Germanic languages, Swedish is a descendant of Old Norse , the common language of the Germanic peoples living in Scandinavia during the Viking Era . ,[object Object]

Swiss -German is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken in Switzerland and in some Alpine communities in Northern Italy . Occasionally, the Alemannic dialects spoken in other countries are called Swiss German as well, especially the dialects of Liechtenstein and Austrian Vorarlberg which are closely associated to Switzerland's. ,[object Object]

Tagalog is an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines by about 22 million people. It is related to such languages as Indonesian , Malay , Fijian , Maori (of New Zealand ), Hawaiian , Malagasy (of Madagascar ), Samoan , Tahitian , Chamorro (of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands ), Tetum (of East Timor ), and Paiwan (of Taiwan ). It is the first language of the Philippines' Region IV ( CALABARZON and MIMAROPA ) and is the basis for the national and the official language of the Philippines, Filipino ,[object Object]

Taiwanese Minnan commonly known as Taiwanese , is a variant of the Min Nan Chinese language spoken by about 70% of the population of Taiwan . The largest ethnic group in Taiwan for which Taiwanese Minnan is considered a native language is known as Hoklo or Holo (Hō-ló). The correspondence between language and ethnicity is generally true though not absolute, as some Hoklo speak Taiwanese Minnan poorly while some non-Hoklo speak Taiwanese Minnan fluently. Pe̍h-oē-jī (POJ) is a popular orthography for this language, and Hokkien in general. ,[object Object]

Tahitian , a Tahitic language , is one of the two official languages of French Polynesia (along with French ). It is an Eastern Polynesian language closely related to Rarotongan , New Zealand Māori , and Hawaiian . ,[object Object]

Tamil is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent . It has official status in India , Sri Lanka and Singapore . Tamil is also spoken by significant minorities in Malaysia , Mauritius , Vietnam , Réunion as well as emigrant communities around the world. It is the administrative language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu , and the first Indian language to be declared as a classical language by the government of India in 2004. ,[object Object]

Telugu is a Dravidian language mostly spoken in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh , where it is the official language. It is also spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu where it enjoys a secondary language status. It is also spoken in the states of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Jharkhand. Telugu language has a history of over 3000 years. Including non-native speakers it is the most spoken Dravidian languageand the most spoken language in India after Hindi and Bengali. It was conferred the status of a Classical language by the Government of India . ,[object Object]

Thai is the national and official language of Thailand and the mother tongue of the Thai people, Thailand's dominant ethnic group. Thai is a member of the Tai group of the Kradai language family . The Kradai languages are thought to have originated in what is now southern China , and some linguists have proposed links to the Austroasiatic , Austronesian , or Sino-Tibetan language families. It is a tonal and analytic language . The combination of tonality, a complex orthography , relational markers and a distinctive phonology can make Thai difficult to learn for those who do not already speak a related language. Thai is mutually intelligible with Lao ,[object Object],[object Object]

Turkish is spoken as a first language by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages . Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Cyprus , with smaller groups in Iraq , Greece , Bulgaria , the Republic of Macedonia , Kosovo , Albania and other parts of Eastern Europe . Turkish is also spoken by several million immigrants in Western Europe , particularly in Germany . ,[object Object]

Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages . It is the official state language of Ukraine . Written Ukrainian uses the Cyrillic alphabet . The language shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring Slavic nations , most notably with Polish , Slovak in the West and Belarusan , Russian in the North and the East. ,[object Object]

Urdu is a Central Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian branch , belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. It is one of the two official languages, the other being English , as well as the national language, of Pakistan . It is also one of the 22 official languages of India . Its vocabulary developed under Persian , Arabic , Turkic and Sanskrit . In modern times Urdu vocabulary has been significantly influenced by Punjabi and even English . Urdu was mainly developed in western Uttar Pradesh , India , but began taking shape during the Delhi Sultanate as well as Mughal Empire (1526–1858) in the Indian Subcontinent . ,[object Object],[object Object]

Vietnamese formerly known under French colonization as Annamese, is the national and official language of Vietnam . It is the mother tongue of the Vietnamese people ( người Việt or người Kinh ), who constitute 86% of Vietnam's population , and of about three million overseas Vietnamese , most of whom live in the United States . It is also spoken as a second language by many ethnic minorities of Vietnam. It is part of the Austroasiatic language family , of which it has the most speakers by a significant margin (several times larger than the other Austroasiatic languages put together). Much vocabulary has been borrowed from Chinese , especially words that denote abstract ideas in the same way European languages borrow from Latin and Greek, and it was formerly written using the Chinese writing system , albeit in a modified format and was given vernacular pronunciation. The Vietnamese writing system in use today is an adapted version of the Latin alphabet , with additional diacritics for tones and certain letters. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Welsh is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic spoken natively in Wales , in England by some along the Welsh border and in the Welsh immigrant colony in the Chubut Valley in Argentine Patagonia . There are speakers of Welsh throughout the world, most notably in the rest of Great Britain , the United States , Canada , Australia and New Zealand . ,[object Object]

Yiddish (literally " Jewish ") is a non-territorial High German language of Jewish origin, spoken throughout the world. Unlike other Germanic languages, Yiddish is written with the Hebrew alphabet as opposed to a Latin alphabet . Yiddish is written and spoken in Orthodox Jewish communities around the world. It is a home language in most Hasidic communities, where it is the first language learned in childhood, used in schools, and in many social settings. ,[object Object]

Yoruba is a dialect continuum of West Africa with over 25 million speakers. The native tongue of the approximately 28 million Yoruba people , it is spoken, among other languages, in Nigeria , Benin , and Togo and traces of it are found among communities in Brazil , Sierra Leone (where it is called Oku), northern Ghana (where it is spoken by urban migrant Yoruba communities alongside Hausa and local languages) and Cuba (where it is called Nago). Yoruba is an isolating , tonal language with SVO syntax. Apart from referring to the aggregate of dialects and their speakers, the term Yoruba is used for the standard, written form of the language. Yoruba is classified as a Niger-Congo language of the Yoruboid branch of Defoid, Benue-Congo. Yoruba is the third most spoken native African language. ,[object Object]

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