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RCUK Proposed Research
Programme on ‘Connected
      Communities’
         Alan Wilson
  University College London
        Chair, AHRC
CHALLENGES
• define ‘communities’ for this purpose
• define ‘connected’
• ensure that we are adding to past
  research, not duplicating it
• this means creating a perspective
  which, ultimately allows us to say
  something new about the ‘wicked
  problems’ of the urban research field
Wicked problems
• inner city regeneration
• ‘poor’ towns – e.g. seaside towns
• responding to climate change
• unemployment, long-term sickness – benefits issues
• poor quality housing stock; homelessness
• ‘failing’ schools
• variations in levels of health provision: costs in the health
  service
• care of the elderly
• crime, prisons
• multiple deprivation
    – long-term unemployment, NEETs
    – failed in, or failed by, the education system
    – health, obesity etc consequences
An example: outer London area
  student flows to university




Legend

    20 students

    50 students

    100 students

    200+ students
Inner London area student flows to
  university




Legend

    20 students

    50 students

    100 students

    200+ students
Inner and outer London areas student flows to university
  (Prospering Suburbs)




Legend

    20 students

    50 students

    100 students

    200+ students
Inner and outer London areas student flows to university (Blue
  Collar Communities)




Legend

    20 students

    50 students

    100 students

    200+ students
Interdependence
• many of the questions are linked:
  – housing problems, which are often seen as
    problems of housing supply
     • but are actually usually income problems,
     • and income problems are often
       education/skill problems
  – the wicked education/multiple deprivation
    problems are in a sense income problems – so
    there is a vicious circle here
  – the prison problem is a mix of the cycle of
    deprivation, unemployment and poor
    income and poor mental health and
    education facilities in prisons
COMMUNITIES
• by place: innercity, suburban, ex-
  urban rural,....
• ethnic, diasporas,....
• income
• occupation
• elderly
• etc
CONNECTEDNESS
• communities can be connected to
   – jobs
   – income
   – education
   – health
   – culture
   – etc.
   – usually in other ‘places’
CORE TO THE RESEARCH?
• show how different kinds of communities
  have different kinds of ‘connectedness
  bundles’
• what are the levels of connectedness and
  the rates and kinds of change in these
  levels for different kinds of communities?
• what does this mean for the future of
  education e.g.?
• does multliple deprivation result from the
  lack of connectedness?
RESEARCHABLE PROBLEMS?
• to make this worthwhile, we need to focus on the
  big issues – the wicked problems
• shouldn’t be too micro and fragmented
• but have to recognise that this field has been
  ploughed many times, seeds have been sown;
  but progress has been poor
• does this need some very different kind of
  research? Action research? cf. an organisation
  like Turning Point?
• research for communities rather than
  research on communities
• focus: how to raise levels of connectedness?
RCUK Proposed Research
 Programme on ‘Connected
       Communities’
Professor Shearer West,
Director of Research, AHRC &
Chair, Cross-Council Connected
Communities Working Group
Vision
         To enhance economic
         prosperity, health,
         sustainability and wellbeing in
         increasingly inter-connected,
         mobile and diverse
         communities by systematically
         addressing the opportunities
         and challenges they face
         through multidisciplinary
         research.
What do we mean by ‘Community’?
• For the purposes of this Programme, and subject to
   further consultation, we are currently thinking of
   ‘communities’ as:
 “cooperative or interactive groups sharing a virtual or
   physical environment and aspects of identity (such
  as location, race, ethnicity, age, history, occupation),
      culture, belief or other common bonds and/or a
    shared interest in particular issues or outcomes”.
• We recognise that such communities are nested and
   overlap and are interested both in the
   relationships within these communities and the
   interactions between communities and their
   outcomes for broader society and economy.
Possible Approaches to Exploring Communities
                                Types of Community
              •Lifecycle (e.g. children, adolescence, older people etc)
          •Social, cultural economic group, ethic origin, class, religion etc
            •Spatial / temporal location, neighbourhood, rural/urban etc
                   •Method of connection e.g. Virtual Community

Cross-cutting Themes                                    Method / Approach to study
e.g.                                                    e.g.
•Addiction                                              •Systems, models complexity
•Crime                           Connected              •Case studies (initiatives,
                                Communities             neighbourhoods, areas etc)
•Health & well-being
•Community Values                                       •Sustainability assessment
•Design for communities                                 •Participatory research
                                                        •Synthesis & data integration
Underpinning factors e.g. infrastructure, ecosystems services
               Drivers of Change e.g. Environmental, Population,
               Technological , Cultural Change, Globalisation, etc
Why Connected?
      In terms of the research it will examine:
      • The changing connections - and
        disconnections - between individuals &
        groups within communities & the (dis-)
        connections between different
        communities.
      • The connections between communities
        and their broader environments
      • The connections between research
        issues often considered in isolation to
        deliver more integrated
        understanding of the roles of,
        and impacts on, communities.
Connecting Issues

                               Health and
                               well-being
                                                     Local
           Infrastructure
                                                  environment
             & services
                                                 & sustainability



                               Connected
                               Communities             Innovation &
     Social Diversity
                                                        economic
       & Cohesion
                                                       development



                                             Vibrant
                   Empowerment
                                             Culture
                   & Participation
Why Connected?
         In terms of how the Programme will
         achieve its objectives through
         connecting:
         • existing research & researchers,
           knowledge and data from across
           disciplines to deliver more
           integrated understanding
         • UK and international research
         • researchers & stakeholders in the
           co-production of knowledge
           and knowledge exchange
         • research with (& for)
           communities
Why now?
• The global economic crisis will increase reliance on
  strong, culturally vibrant & cohesive communities that
  can embrace diversity.
• Communities have a vital role to play in providing the
  capacity to enable the UK to accelerate out of the
  recession
• Economic downturn may create tensions, stresses,
  disaffection , crime and other problems within
  communities. We should anticipate, in order to prevent,
  these problems.
• Research emerging from areas such as energy,
  the environment, security and lifelong health is
  highlighting the increasing significance of
  understanding communities
Policy Context
• Connected Communities is relevant to at least
  half of the 30 PSA targets, including:
  - 14. Increase the number of children and young
  people   on the path to success
  -  18. Promote better health and wellbeing for all
  -  21. Build more cohesive, empowered & active
     communities
  - 23. Make communities safer
  - 25. Reduce the harm caused by alcohol & drugs
  Most of these PSA targets are not covered
  by other RCUK Programmes
Examples of Potential Research Questions
             • How could quality of life be
               enhanced through the development
               of vibrant & diverse cultural
               environments, & supportive
               inclusive social, family & community
               networks?
             • How could more attractive, resilient,
               safe and sustainable community
               environments in which to live be
               created?
Examples of Potential Research Questions
          • How could public services &
            institutional reform be delivered to
            better meet the diverse & evolving
            needs of individuals & communities?
          • How can the challenges to healthy
            living, physical & mental well-being,
            particularly in social sub-groups with
            lower connectivity and/or social
            support, be addressed more
            effectively?
Examples of Potential Research Questions
            • How could trust, a sense of
              belonging, active citizenship, civic
              values, public participation and
              democratic processes within
              modern communities be enhanced
              best be supported?
            • What new approaches could be
              taken to tackle urban crime and
              anti-social behaviour, and promote
              community safety and civic
              responsibility?
Examples of Potential Research Questions

           • What role can communities play in
             accelerating progress towards more
             environmentally sustainable and a
             more resource efficient society
           • How might planning, design and
             infrastructure within complex,
             interactive, evolving urban systems
             be improved to better meet
             changing societal & community
             needs?
Examples of Potential Research Questions
           • What new approaches could be
             taken to tackle addiction, including
             the increased use of narcotics and
             other drugs, taking into account the
             inter-play between biological factors,
             individual decisions & social &
             cultural contexts?
           • How can pressures toward social
             disintegration and the problems it
             causes be counteracted?
Examples of Potential Research Questions

             • How could creativity, innovation &
               enterprise, clusters, social &
               cultural capital and creative,
               cultural & service industries be
               fostered more effectively in
               communities to underpin
               competitiveness and urban &
               neighbourhood economic
               renewal?
Examples of how an RCUK Connected
Communities Programme could Add Value
• Facilitate cross-Council multi- & inter- disciplinary
  collaborations on key societal issues not
  addressed under current RCUK Programmes.
• Promote more integrated approaches e.g. by
  drawing together current research and data;
  through developing systems, integrated
  assessment & participatory approaches; and
  community case studies etc
• Provide a new focus on the community level of
  analysis & on changing patterns of connectivity.
• Promote co-production of knowledge and
  partnerships.
• Act as a focus for KT, public engagement
  & international collaboration.
How we are Developing the Programme
• Cross-Council Working Group with representatives
  from AHRC, ESRC, EPSRC, MRC, NERC.
• Analysing relevant inputs to individual Councils’
  future strategy consultations
• Building on consultation and development activities
  undertaken in a number of areas (e.g. Sustainable
  Urban Environments, Addiction, Civility, Energy
  and Communities).
• Consultation with some key stakeholders (e.g.
  Communities & Local Government, Home
  Office, Ministry of Justice, Office for the
  Third Sector, Equality and Human Rights
  Commission).
How we are Developing the Programme
• Consultation event with Local Government held on 1
  June 2009 in partnership with LARCI.
• Today’s cross-Council expert consultation workshop.
• Councils to review outcomes of consultations in
  developing their new Delivery Plans
• Plan to establish an expert working/advisory group.
• Consider potential early activities to stimulate
  development activities such as ‘highlight notices’ e.g.
  in research networking schemes.
• Possible further more focused consultation activities
  to develop new initiative proposals.

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Connected Communities Sir Alan Wilson and Shearer West presentation June 2009

  • 1. RCUK Proposed Research Programme on ‘Connected Communities’ Alan Wilson University College London Chair, AHRC
  • 2. CHALLENGES • define ‘communities’ for this purpose • define ‘connected’ • ensure that we are adding to past research, not duplicating it • this means creating a perspective which, ultimately allows us to say something new about the ‘wicked problems’ of the urban research field
  • 3. Wicked problems • inner city regeneration • ‘poor’ towns – e.g. seaside towns • responding to climate change • unemployment, long-term sickness – benefits issues • poor quality housing stock; homelessness • ‘failing’ schools • variations in levels of health provision: costs in the health service • care of the elderly • crime, prisons • multiple deprivation – long-term unemployment, NEETs – failed in, or failed by, the education system – health, obesity etc consequences
  • 4. An example: outer London area student flows to university Legend 20 students 50 students 100 students 200+ students
  • 5. Inner London area student flows to university Legend 20 students 50 students 100 students 200+ students
  • 6. Inner and outer London areas student flows to university (Prospering Suburbs) Legend 20 students 50 students 100 students 200+ students
  • 7. Inner and outer London areas student flows to university (Blue Collar Communities) Legend 20 students 50 students 100 students 200+ students
  • 8. Interdependence • many of the questions are linked: – housing problems, which are often seen as problems of housing supply • but are actually usually income problems, • and income problems are often education/skill problems – the wicked education/multiple deprivation problems are in a sense income problems – so there is a vicious circle here – the prison problem is a mix of the cycle of deprivation, unemployment and poor income and poor mental health and education facilities in prisons
  • 9. COMMUNITIES • by place: innercity, suburban, ex- urban rural,.... • ethnic, diasporas,.... • income • occupation • elderly • etc
  • 10. CONNECTEDNESS • communities can be connected to – jobs – income – education – health – culture – etc. – usually in other ‘places’
  • 11. CORE TO THE RESEARCH? • show how different kinds of communities have different kinds of ‘connectedness bundles’ • what are the levels of connectedness and the rates and kinds of change in these levels for different kinds of communities? • what does this mean for the future of education e.g.? • does multliple deprivation result from the lack of connectedness?
  • 12. RESEARCHABLE PROBLEMS? • to make this worthwhile, we need to focus on the big issues – the wicked problems • shouldn’t be too micro and fragmented • but have to recognise that this field has been ploughed many times, seeds have been sown; but progress has been poor • does this need some very different kind of research? Action research? cf. an organisation like Turning Point? • research for communities rather than research on communities • focus: how to raise levels of connectedness?
  • 13. RCUK Proposed Research Programme on ‘Connected Communities’ Professor Shearer West, Director of Research, AHRC & Chair, Cross-Council Connected Communities Working Group
  • 14. Vision To enhance economic prosperity, health, sustainability and wellbeing in increasingly inter-connected, mobile and diverse communities by systematically addressing the opportunities and challenges they face through multidisciplinary research.
  • 15. What do we mean by ‘Community’? • For the purposes of this Programme, and subject to further consultation, we are currently thinking of ‘communities’ as: “cooperative or interactive groups sharing a virtual or physical environment and aspects of identity (such as location, race, ethnicity, age, history, occupation), culture, belief or other common bonds and/or a shared interest in particular issues or outcomes”. • We recognise that such communities are nested and overlap and are interested both in the relationships within these communities and the interactions between communities and their outcomes for broader society and economy.
  • 16. Possible Approaches to Exploring Communities Types of Community •Lifecycle (e.g. children, adolescence, older people etc) •Social, cultural economic group, ethic origin, class, religion etc •Spatial / temporal location, neighbourhood, rural/urban etc •Method of connection e.g. Virtual Community Cross-cutting Themes Method / Approach to study e.g. e.g. •Addiction •Systems, models complexity •Crime Connected •Case studies (initiatives, Communities neighbourhoods, areas etc) •Health & well-being •Community Values •Sustainability assessment •Design for communities •Participatory research •Synthesis & data integration Underpinning factors e.g. infrastructure, ecosystems services Drivers of Change e.g. Environmental, Population, Technological , Cultural Change, Globalisation, etc
  • 17. Why Connected? In terms of the research it will examine: • The changing connections - and disconnections - between individuals & groups within communities & the (dis-) connections between different communities. • The connections between communities and their broader environments • The connections between research issues often considered in isolation to deliver more integrated understanding of the roles of, and impacts on, communities.
  • 18. Connecting Issues Health and well-being Local Infrastructure environment & services & sustainability Connected Communities Innovation & Social Diversity economic & Cohesion development Vibrant Empowerment Culture & Participation
  • 19. Why Connected? In terms of how the Programme will achieve its objectives through connecting: • existing research & researchers, knowledge and data from across disciplines to deliver more integrated understanding • UK and international research • researchers & stakeholders in the co-production of knowledge and knowledge exchange • research with (& for) communities
  • 20. Why now? • The global economic crisis will increase reliance on strong, culturally vibrant & cohesive communities that can embrace diversity. • Communities have a vital role to play in providing the capacity to enable the UK to accelerate out of the recession • Economic downturn may create tensions, stresses, disaffection , crime and other problems within communities. We should anticipate, in order to prevent, these problems. • Research emerging from areas such as energy, the environment, security and lifelong health is highlighting the increasing significance of understanding communities
  • 21. Policy Context • Connected Communities is relevant to at least half of the 30 PSA targets, including: - 14. Increase the number of children and young people on the path to success - 18. Promote better health and wellbeing for all - 21. Build more cohesive, empowered & active communities - 23. Make communities safer - 25. Reduce the harm caused by alcohol & drugs Most of these PSA targets are not covered by other RCUK Programmes
  • 22. Examples of Potential Research Questions • How could quality of life be enhanced through the development of vibrant & diverse cultural environments, & supportive inclusive social, family & community networks? • How could more attractive, resilient, safe and sustainable community environments in which to live be created?
  • 23. Examples of Potential Research Questions • How could public services & institutional reform be delivered to better meet the diverse & evolving needs of individuals & communities? • How can the challenges to healthy living, physical & mental well-being, particularly in social sub-groups with lower connectivity and/or social support, be addressed more effectively?
  • 24. Examples of Potential Research Questions • How could trust, a sense of belonging, active citizenship, civic values, public participation and democratic processes within modern communities be enhanced best be supported? • What new approaches could be taken to tackle urban crime and anti-social behaviour, and promote community safety and civic responsibility?
  • 25. Examples of Potential Research Questions • What role can communities play in accelerating progress towards more environmentally sustainable and a more resource efficient society • How might planning, design and infrastructure within complex, interactive, evolving urban systems be improved to better meet changing societal & community needs?
  • 26. Examples of Potential Research Questions • What new approaches could be taken to tackle addiction, including the increased use of narcotics and other drugs, taking into account the inter-play between biological factors, individual decisions & social & cultural contexts? • How can pressures toward social disintegration and the problems it causes be counteracted?
  • 27. Examples of Potential Research Questions • How could creativity, innovation & enterprise, clusters, social & cultural capital and creative, cultural & service industries be fostered more effectively in communities to underpin competitiveness and urban & neighbourhood economic renewal?
  • 28. Examples of how an RCUK Connected Communities Programme could Add Value • Facilitate cross-Council multi- & inter- disciplinary collaborations on key societal issues not addressed under current RCUK Programmes. • Promote more integrated approaches e.g. by drawing together current research and data; through developing systems, integrated assessment & participatory approaches; and community case studies etc • Provide a new focus on the community level of analysis & on changing patterns of connectivity. • Promote co-production of knowledge and partnerships. • Act as a focus for KT, public engagement & international collaboration.
  • 29. How we are Developing the Programme • Cross-Council Working Group with representatives from AHRC, ESRC, EPSRC, MRC, NERC. • Analysing relevant inputs to individual Councils’ future strategy consultations • Building on consultation and development activities undertaken in a number of areas (e.g. Sustainable Urban Environments, Addiction, Civility, Energy and Communities). • Consultation with some key stakeholders (e.g. Communities & Local Government, Home Office, Ministry of Justice, Office for the Third Sector, Equality and Human Rights Commission).
  • 30. How we are Developing the Programme • Consultation event with Local Government held on 1 June 2009 in partnership with LARCI. • Today’s cross-Council expert consultation workshop. • Councils to review outcomes of consultations in developing their new Delivery Plans • Plan to establish an expert working/advisory group. • Consider potential early activities to stimulate development activities such as ‘highlight notices’ e.g. in research networking schemes. • Possible further more focused consultation activities to develop new initiative proposals.