The document discusses complications that can occur during and after laparoscopic surgeries. Some common complications discussed include: 1. Anaesthetic complications such as inadequate muscle relaxation during the procedure, hyperventilation prior to surgery, and possible air embolism from carbon dioxide used for pneumoperitoneum. 2. Complications due to pneumoperitoneum such as respiratory acidosis, increased pressure on veins, and possible effects on renal function from increased abdominal pressure. 3. Surgical complications such as injuries to organs like the stomach, bowel, bladder from trocars or instruments. Thermal injuries from diathermy are also discussed. 4. Other complications mentioned include bleeding, infections, inc

1. COMPLICATIONS OF LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES Dr.Anil Haripriya

6. OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS I - ROD LENS SYSTEM II - FIBER OPTIC CABLES III - LIGHT SOURCES

8. ABDOMINAL ACCESS INSTRUMENTS Open Technique Closed Technique Hasson Cannula Veress Needle Trocar Sheath assemblies

19. Subcutaneous and Subfascial Emphysema and Edema Improper insertion of veress needle Manipulation of instruments often loosens the parietal perotoneum surrounding the instruments portal of exit into the peritoneal cavity. CO 2 then infiltrates the loose areolar tissue of the body Subsutaneous and subfascial emphysema * It rapidly resolves within 2 – 4 hours postoperatively.

37. 2. Major Bile Duct Injury : - Incidence is 1 in 300-500 laproscopies. - It includes complete transaction and clipping of common duct. Diagnosis – by early ERCP Management - * Management of major bile duct injuries is complex and best dealt with in a unite specializing in their treatment.

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