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Knowledge Building with Semantic Schema in Enterprise: The ARISTOTELE Approach
1. Knowledge Building
with Semantic
Schema in Enterprise:
The ARISTOTELE
Approach
Pierluigi Ritrovato
Dep. Of Electronic Engineering
and Computer Engineering,
University of Salerno
CRMPA – Research Center in
Pure and Applied Mathematics
2. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
The ARISTOTELE project
What ARISTOTELE is about
Models & Methodologies
Overall Picture
ARISTOTELE Knowledge Building
Methodologies overview
Technological Solutions
Other Available results
The Architecture
Already Developed tools
Conclusion and Future Works
Outlines
2
3. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
FP7 EU funded Integrated Project Coordinated by CRMPA with a key-role of
MOMA from technical and exploitation point-of-view
Best combination for research and exploitation success
8 partners with end-user involvement
Proven complementarities and experience
6.4 M€ (4.5M€ funding by the EC) for 3 years
Challenging results with clear value for money
High strategic impact thanks to business orientation
Two pilot partners involved in different domains (PHI and AMIS)
Starting from an existing solution (Intelligent Web Teacher)
Build on top of market leader enterprise & collaborative platform (Microsoft Sharepoint
20120)
Presence of a partner with a role of innovator/early adopter (ENG)
Innovative approach to conceive relations among knowledge flows, learning
objectives, and creativity within the organization
General Information
3
Scientific
Coordinator
Project
Coordinator
Technical
Manager
4. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
ARISTOTELE Partners
ARISTOTELE
Academic
Industrial
Pilot
Research
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5. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
In Enterprise contexts, organizational, learning, and social
collaboration processes are often managed independently
What ARISTOTELE is about
ARISTOTELE aims to coordinate
them through a sort of virtuous
cycle where intangible values
(creativity, competences, and
knowledge) are tracked and
collected in order to:
Be exploited in other
processes
Improve/innovate other
processes
Central to this virtuous cycle are:
The worker
The enabling role of
technologies
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6. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
• ARISTOTELE Key points:
• A new way to establish and enhance relations
among knowledge flows, organizational and learning
objectives, work practices, and creativity within
knowledge intensive organizations
• A novel methodological and modelling ground,
consisting of
• Conceptual Models representing organizational assets in a
machine-understandable way
• formalisation of knowledge using semantic schema and correlation
among key assets
• Innovative Methodologies operating on conceptual models
• achievement of organizational and performance objectives
What ARISTOTELE is about
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7. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
• Key points of ARISTOTELE (cont.):
• a set of “ARISTOTELE business Process Patterns”
related to knowledge intensive organisations work
practices
• Processing (i.e. transforming , updating, …) assets
available in the semantic models
• Representing the dynamicity of the conceptual models
• Supported by ARISTOTELE methodologies
• An innovative technological platform
• Human-centric
• Models & methodologies driven (in contrast to technology-
driven)
• Built on top of state-of-the-art technologies (i.e. IWT,
Microsoft Sharepoint 2010)
What ARISTOTELE is about
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8. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
The top level is the starting point: inputs (organizational objectives and worker
needs, preferences, …) “influencing” the key ARISTOTELE processes
The middle level embraces the key ARISTOTELE processes centred on
collaboration:
Building of personalized learning experiences
Creation of Innovation Factory for collaborative innovation boosting
Management and sharing of personal knowledge to be “reused” in different domains and tasks
The bottom level includes features supporting update and reuse of organizational
knowledge
ARISTOTELE enabling building blocks
and research areas (1/2)
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9. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
The top level is the starting point: organizational objectives and worker needs,
preferences, … to “influence” the key ARISTOTELE processes
The middle level embraces the key ARISTOTELE processes:
Building of personalized learning experiences on the basis of the top level inputs
Creation of Innovation Factory (for collaborative innovation boosting) leaded by needs arising from
personalized learning experiences and customized according to the organizational objectives
Management and sharing of personal knowledge to be “reused” in different domains and tasks
The bottom level includes features supporting update and reuse of organizational
knowledge
ARISTOTELE enabling building blocks and research
areas (2/2)
Modelling using Semantics
Innovation factory:
•Collective intelligence,
Innovation Factory:
•Web 2.0 paradigm, collective intelligence
•Methodologies and process to exploit
collaborative network and to foster the
innovation factories
Personalized learning:
•Methodologies supporting formal/informal
collabroative learning
•Methodologies to access to learning offers
starting from requests in natural language
PWLE:
•Methodologies to capitalize knowledge
elicited through informal and informal
activities
Innovation factory:
•Collective intelligence,
Knowledge management:
Methodologies and algorithms enabling:
•Semi-automatic taxonomy construction
•Alignment and mapping of domain ontologies
•Semi-automatic ontology extraction
•Capture and formalisation of knowledge
exchange
Innovation factory:
•Collective intelligence,
Methodologies for DSS for Human
Resource Management
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10. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Knowledge Model (KM)
provides constructs for the representation
of enterprise knowledge entities,
enterprise domain vocabulary, educational
vocabulary
Competence Model (CM)
provides constructs for the representation
of competences and their relations to
other concepts such as context, activities,
and objectives
Worker Model (WM)
provides constructs for the representation
of worker including social, learning,
working and personal goals
Learning Experience Model (LEM)
provides constructs for the learning
experience needed to achieve a new
competence or fill a competence gap.
ARISTOTELE Models
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11. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Role of the Models: Integrated Schemas
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12. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Reference Ontologies: used to represent and
structure enterprise’s resources (e.g., worker profile,
competences, project and activities, etc.)
FOAF, DOAP, SKOS, SIOC, etc.
Organisation Ontologies: exploited to provide a
shared classification of the resources available in the
Knowledge base.
to classify knowledge resources according to the context of the
enterprise and to provide a common access layer to
heterogeneous resources daily produced by the workers (e.g.,
document, wiki, blog, etc.).
Characteristics of the ARISTOTELE
Models
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13. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
How fit everything together
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14. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
A Model example: The Knowledge Model
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15. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
A model instance example
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17. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
The ARISTOTELE project
What ARISTOTELE is about
Models & Methodologies
Overall Picture
ARISTOTELE Knowledge Building
Methodologies overview
Technological Solutions
Other Available results
The Architecture
Already Developed tools
Conclusion and Future Works
Outlines
17
18. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
What
A proposal for ontology-based knowledge
management platform that integrates methodologies
(i.e., Knowledge Extraction, Ontology Matching and
Merging) aimed to support life cycle of large and
heterogeneous knowledge bases.
How
The architecture relies on hybrid methodologies
applying computational intelligence techniques and
semantic web technologies to provide a consistent
and common access point to organisational
resources.
ARISTOTELE Knowledge Building
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19. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
ARISTOTELE Knowledge Building
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20. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Overview of Knowledge Building
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21. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Inputs:
Documents from a personal or organisational work environment
(e.g., project’s deliverables, publications);
User Generated Content (e.g. blog, wiki entries);
Curriculum Vitae;
Outputs:
Unsupervised Conceptualisation represented by means of SKOS
scheme
Classification of input resources according to Unsupervised
Conceptualisation
Features and Approach:
Unsupervised approach;
Multilingual NLP exploiting Wikipedia & Wikipedia Miner;
Conceptual Data Analysis based on Fuzzy Clustering (FCM) and
Fuzzy Formal Concept Analysis (FFCA)
Knowledge Extraction
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22. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Knowledge Extraction: Example
Taking as input
Technical Report of
an organisation the
methodology carries
out taxonomies
hierarchical
unsupervised
conceptualisation
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24. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Hierarchical
Conceptualisation
IRsupport
Highcostto
updatingthe
structure
Supportfor
classificationof
newdata
Clustering X X
Hierarchical Clustering X X
Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) X X X
Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) & Fuzzy
FCA
X X X X
Knowledge Extraction: Foundation (1)
• To face with time consuming execution of FFCA the
following approaches have been taken into account:
Hybrid algorithm of FFCA: Incremental and Batch
NoSQL DB storage of FFCA Input and Output (i.e., Mongo
DB)
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25. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Knowledge Extraction
Foundation (2)
threshold T=0.6
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26. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
To prepare Organisation Ontologies (OO) at
ARISTOTELE Startup
To keep up to date and to maintain OO
To classify resources using OO
To support feature such as:
Tag suggestion;
Find relevant document in PWLE wrt a context;
Find workers with specific expertises;
Dynamic faceted browsing of resources
Knowledge Extraction: Application
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27. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Input:
Source: Unsupervised conceptualisation, Target: Organisation
Ontologies
Source: available competences, Target: required competences
Source: ongoing task, Target: workers, documents
Output:
let es and et be entities of <es, et, nst> where nst is a mapping
degree in [0,1]
Features and Approach:
Semi-automatic approach (lexical and structural);
Link discovery based on SILK technology in order to evaluate
matching degree among concepts or instances;
A weighted average of different similarities: string-based
(Levenshtein); web-based (Wikipedia Link-based measure);
corpus-based (Explicit Semantic Analysis).
Ontology and Instance Matching
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28. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Ontology and Instance Matching:
Example (1)
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29. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Ontology and Instance Matching:
Example (2)
Kinds of
Deliverable
State of
the Art
Methdologies
Project Y
Organization Ontologies
Model
related
Knowledge
Model
Worker Model
Knowledge
Model
Task
Project
Worker
ARISTOTELE Models ARISTOTELE Models
Worker B
Worker Model
Worker
Worker A
Project Y
ARISTOTELE Instances O.O. Instances ARISTOTELE Instances
Deliverable
Document
Context
Task:Title
Task:Description Document:Title
Document:Topic
Document:Description
Goal
Acquire knowledge on
Social Network topic
Task:Goal
Topics
Social
Network
platform
Idea Management
System
Project
Task:Project
Read suggested
material on
Social Network
platform
30. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Ontology and Instance Matching
Workflow/Technologies
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31. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
To align extracted Unsupervised Conceptualisation with
respect to enterprise knowledge base (i.e., Organisation
Ontologies);
To provide a supervised view of Unsupervised Conceptualisation
extracted with methodology for Knowledge Extraction;
To keep up to date classification of new incoming resources with
respect to OO;
To find similar resources, such as: Similar tasks in PWLE
To support link discovery on heterogeneous resources using
morphisms enabled by OO
People relevant for a Project according to required competences
and the available ones;
Document, Project or Tasks in PWLE
...
Ontology and Instance Matching:
Application
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32. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Input:
Source: Unsupervised conceptualisation, Target: Organisation
Ontologies
Output:
Updated Organisation Ontologies;
Feature and Approach:
Semi-automatic approach;
FFCA based approach inspired to FCA Merge;
Exploits results from Ontology and Instance Matching features
Ontology Merging
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33. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Ontology Merging: Workflow &
Technologies
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Formal context creation
unsupervised provided
by KE (vectorisation)
Formal context creation OO resources
represented through ARISTOTELE
models instances connected to the OO
34. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Ontology Merging: Workflow &
Technologies
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Exploiting Ontology Matching between
Unsupervised Conceptualisation and
OO
35. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Close the loop aimed to prepare and maintain OO
Allowing to keep up to date OO;
Suggesting when and which concepts of Unsupervised
Conceptualisation could be merged with concepts of
Organisation Ontologies;
Ontology Merging: Application
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36. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
The ARISTOTELE project
What ARISTOTELE is about
Models & Methodologies
Overall Picture
ARISTOTELE Knowledge Building
Methodologies overview
Technological Solutions
Other Available results
The ARISTOTELE High Level Architecture
Already Developed tools
Conclusion and Future Works
Outlines
36
41. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
The ARISTOTELE project
What ARISTOTELE is about
Models & Methodologies
Overall Picture
ARISTOTELE Knowledge Building
Methodologies overview
Technological Solutions
Other Available results
The ARISTOTELE High Level Architecture
Already Developed tools
Conclusion and Future Works
Outlines
41
42. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Main features:
Definition of an ontology-based KM platform that integrates and
orchestrates several methodologies in order to enable
knowledge base preparation, maintenance and update;
The knowledge extraction is strongly devoted to exploit and
make up a specialised Wikipedia knowledge base;
Future work:
to finalise the implementation of intelligent services on the
platform to support several enterprise processes, such as:
expert finding, human resource management and experiment in
real working environment
Conclusion and Future Works
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43. Keynote talk CISIS 2012
4-6 July – Palermo (Italy)
Web site: http://www-aristotele-eu.org
twitter: (@Aristotele_ip) URL:
http://twitter.com/#!/Aristotele_ip
LinkedIn: ID Group - ARISTOTELE
Facebook: ARISTOTELE Project
ARISTOTELE references
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Thank you very much
for your attention and
stay tuned!