The document discusses various types of tumors of the larynx, including benign and malignant tumors. It provides details on papillomas, which are most common in adults and present with hoarseness. Malignant tumors are discussed in depth, including risk factors, symptoms, examination and diagnosis, staging using TNM classification, and treatment options such as radiotherapy, surgery, and palliation for late-stage cancers. Curative treatment aims to cure using radiation or surgery depending on the size and location of the tumor.

1. Tumours of the larynx

3. Benign tumours Pseudotumours Mesodermal tumours Ectodermal tumours

4. Ectodermal tumours Adenoma Neurilemmoma Paraganglioma Papilloma

5. Papilloma Single papilloma Multiple papillomas

7. Laryngeal papilloma Squamous papilloma of the Lt. aryepiglottic fold

9. Juvenile laryngeal papillomas

10. Juvenile papillomas Before and after removal

17. Malignant tumours

25. History Small lesion + long history slowly growing lesion Massive cancer + short history Aggressive lesion poor outlook

26. Cancer can coexists or supervene in leucoplakia, chronic laryngitis & TB Leucoplakia Chronic laryngitis

27. Vocal Cord Leukoplakia : This is a condition caused by chronic irritation which results in abnormal growth of the top layer of the skin lining the vocal cords.It is often seen in smokers and is considered a pre-cancerous condition.

29. subglottis ventricle posterior surface of epiglottis Difficult areas to be seen

34. X-ray Supraglottic tumour Tomography AP Lateral

35. Axial CT shows loss of pre-epiglottic fat by carcinomatous infiltrarion CT scan

36. Axial CT scan showing a soft tissue mass with several punctuate calcifications (Chondrosarcoma) CT scan

37. Epiglotic tumor （ laryngeal Ca. supraglotic type ） MRI

38. MRI Axial T1 image showing large supraglottic Ca extending to retropharyngeal space Abutting the Rt. carotid artery (curved open arrow) Destruction of the Rt. thyroid ala (short open arrow) Destruction of the Rt. arytenoid (short solid arrow)

39. MRI Sagittal T2 image of supraglottic Ca Extension involves the epiglottis :E Loss of normal pr-epiglottic fat plane: solid arrows Tongue base involvement : open arrow

40. Axial MRI showing tumour of the Rt. VC MRI

41. MRI Coronal view of MRI showing subglottic extension

42. Sagittal view showing transglottic tumour MRI

46. Spread of laryngeal carcinoma

48. Cancer of the Lt true vocal cord

49. glottic CA

50. cancer involving the true vocal cords and arytenoid . The cancer also extends onto the supraglottis

54. Supraglottic Ca Epiglottic tumpur Tumour of Lt aryepiglottic fold Tumour of Rt false cord

56. Subglottic Ca

59. TNM classificaiton T : Primary tumour N: Nodal deposits M: Metastasis

60. T : Primary tumour TX T0 Tis Primary tumour can not be assesed No evidence of primary tumour Carcinoma in situ

62. T1a Rt.VC Ca with normal mobility Glottic

63. T1b Limited mobile both cords Glottic

65. cancer involving the true vocal cords and arytenoid . The cancer also extends onto the supraglottis T2 Glottic

69. Subglottic T3 T4 cord fixation extends beyond the larynx

70. Lt false cord tumour Supraglottic T1 limited / mobile cords

71. T2 Supraglottic Ca of the Rt. aryepiglottic fold Extends to glottis Moblie cords

76. Treatment

77. Rehabilitation Treatment curative No treatment Palliation

82. Curative treatment Radiotherapy Surgery Chemotherapy

84. CA larynx for radiotherapy

85. Surgery Microendolaryngeal and laser surgery Excisional surgery

87. Microendolaryngeal and laser surgery

89. Total laryngectomy Removed specimen

90. Thank you