1. Ahsanullah University of
Science & Technology
Department of Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering Lab
4th Year; 2nd Semester
Sec : A
2. Presented By
Group-1
Md. Abu Sayeed
Maksudul Alim
Abontee Barua
K.M. Tawrat
Wasim Ather
Rezwana Binte Hafiz
09.02.03.001
09.02.03.003
09.02.03.005
09.02.03.006
09.02.03.008
09.02.03.053
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3.
4. What is Traffic Study???.....
Traffic studies may be grouped
into three main categories:
(1) Inventories,
(2) Administrative studies, and
(3) Dynamic studies.
6. Volume Study
Traffic volume is defined as the number of vehicles
crossing a section of road per unit time at any
selected period. Traffic volume studies are
conducted to collect data on the number of vehicles
and/or pedestrians that pass a point on a highway
facility during a specified time period.
This time period varies from as little as 15 min to
as much as a year, depending on the anticipated use
of the data.
7. To determine of vehicle composition in traffic
stream.
To determine the service flow rate in PCU/PCE unit.
To estimate of ADT based on expansion factor.
To determine the directional distribution(DD).
To draw flow fluctuation curves
8. Effectiveness of a traffic control
measure
To check existing, operating service
condition of a roadway section
Planning traffic operation and control of
existing facility
To design intersection, signal timings,
channelization
Structural design of pavements,
geometric design and road way capacity
9. Volume Study
Traffic volume studies are usually
conducted when certain volume
characteristics are needed, some of
which follow:
oAverage Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)
oAverage Daily Traffic (ADT)
oPeak Hour Volume (PHV)
oVehicle Classification (VC)
oVehicle Miles of Travel (VMT)
11. Definitions & Useful
Parameters
• Volume:
Volume on a road is the number of vehicles passing the
measurement point during a specified time interval.
• Demand:
is a measure of the number of vehicles (or passengers, or
persons) waiting for service in the given time period.
• Capacity:
is the maximum number that can reasonable be expected to
be served in the given time period.
12. Definitions & Useful Parameters
• PCE:
Passenger Car Equivalent is essentially the
impact that a mode of transport has on traffic
variables (such as headway, speed, density)
compared to a single car
• PCU:
It is a vehicle unit used for expressing highway
capacity unit
13. Definitions & Useful
Parameters
• Daily Volumes:
A common time interval for volumes is a day.
• Daily volumes are frequently used as the basis
for highway planning and general observations
of trends.
14. Daily Volume
commonly used daily volume parameters
Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)
the average of 24-hour counts collected every day
of the year.
Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
the average of 24-hour counts collected over a
number of days greater than one but less than a
year.
15. Peak Hour Volume (PHV)
the maximum number of vehicles that pas a point
on a highway during a period of 60 consecutive
minutes.
Vehicle Classification (VC) with respect to the type of
vehicles for cars, two-axle trucks, or three-axle
trucks.
Flow Rate
Vehicles/ 15 min expanded to 1 hour
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17. Definitions (cont…)
• Directional Distribution
Directional Distribution is the predominant
one-way traffic volume expressed as a
percentage of two-way traffic
19. The two basic methods of
counting traffic are:
Manual observation
Automatic recording
20. Manual observation……
Most applications of manual counts require
small samples of data at any given location.
Manual counts are
sometimes used when the effort and expense
of automated equipment are not justified
22. Manual observation……
Tally Sheets
Recording data onto tally sheets is the simplest means of
conducting manual counts. The data can be recorded
with a tick mark on a pre-prepared field form. A watch or
stopwatch is necessary to measure the desired count
interval
43. General Information
Group no. 01
Location: Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue
Date: June 20, 2013 (Thursday)
Time: 8:15 to 8:30 am
Duration: 15 minute
Weather: Clear
Method: Manual (Direct)
44. Group no. 01 (cont)
Number of Vehicle
Car,Jeep,
3
Motorcy
Time Micro,Ta
Wheeler cle
xi
Bus
NMT
Total
8:158:30
41
48
505
263
110
43
45. Group no. 01 (cont)
Converted no. of Vehicle
Type of vehicle
No. of vehicle
PCE
Converted no. of
vehicle or PCU
Car,Jeep,Micro,Tax
i
263
1
263
3 Wheeler
110
0.5
55
Motorcycle
43
0.1
4.3
Bus
41
3
123
NMT
48
0.5
24
Total
505
469.30
46. Group no. 01 (cont)
Rate of Flow = 469.30 vehicle/15 min
Service flow rate = Rate of Flow * 4
= 469.3*4
= 1877.20 vehicle/hour
47. Group no. 01 (cont)
Hourly expansion factor, HEF = 17.11
Daily volume of traffic
= Service flow rate*HEF
= 1877.20*17.11
= 32118.892 vehicle/day
48. Group no. 01 (cont)
Daily expansion factor, DEF = 7.012
Weekly volume of traffic
= Daily volume of traffic*DEF
= 32118.892*7.012m
= 225217.67 vehicle/week
49. Group no. 01 (cont)
Average daily traffic, ADT
= Weekly volume of traffic/7
= 225217.67/7
= 32173.95 vehicle/day
50. Group no. 01 (cont)
Annual average daily traffic
= ADT*1.395
= 32173.95*1.395
= 44882.66 vehicle/day
51. Number of Vehicle
(Flyover to Shatrasta)
Car,Jeep,
3
Motorcyc
Micro,Tax
Wheeler
le
i
Group
no.
Time
1
8:15-8:30
263
110
2
8:30-8:45
262
3
8:45-9:00
4
5
Total
Bus
NMT
Total
43
41
48
505
127
60
45
17
511
169
63
40
26
4
302
9:00-9:15
239
106
80
36
0
461
9:15-9:30
220
94
55
33
16
418
1153
500
278
181
85
52. Converted no. of Vehicle
(Flyover to Shatrasta)
Type of
vehicle
No. of
vehicle
PCE
Converted
no. of
vehicle or
PCU
Car,Jeep,Mic
ro,Taxi
3 Wheeler
Motorcycle
Bus
NMT
Total
1153
1
1153
500
278
181
85
0.5
0.1
3
0.5
250
27.8
543
42.5
2016.3
% PCU
57.18395
12.39895
1.378763
26.93052
2.107821
100
53. Vehicle Composition of Traffic Stream
(Flyover to Shatrasta)
2.11%
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi
26.93%
3 Wheeler
57.18%
1.38%
12.40%
Motorcycle
Bus
NMT
54. Number of Vehicle
(Shatrasta to Flyover)
Car,Jeep,
3
Motorcyc
Micro,Ta
Wheeler
le
xi
Group
no.
Time
6
8:15-8:30
314
125
7
8:30-8:45
341
8
8:45-9:00
9
10
Total
Bus
NMT
Total
110
24
7
580
111
88
35
40
615
282
132
74
25
0
513
9:00-9:15
341
142
62
48
0
593
9:15-9:30
314
105
61
32
0
512
1592
615
395
164
47
55. Converted no. of Vehicle
(Shatrasta to Flyover)
Type of
vehicle
No. of
vehicle
PCE
Converted
no. of
vehicle or
PCU
Car,Jeep,Mic
ro,Taxi
1592
1
1592
3 Wheeler
Motorcycle
Bus
NMT
Total
615
395
164
47
0.5
0.1
3
0.5
307.5
39.5
492
23.5
2454.5
% PCU
64.86046
12.52801
1.609289
20.04482
0.957425
100
56. Vehicle Composition of Traffic Stream
(Shatrasta to Flyover)
0.96%
20.04%
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi
1.61%
3 Wheeler
12.53%
Motorcycle
64.86%
Bus
NMT
57. Directional Distribution
Flyover to
Shatrasta
Group 01
Group 02
Group 03
Group 04
Group 05
Average
Directional
distribution
Service flow
rate
(PCU/hour)
1877.20
1900
1707
1632
1518
1726.84
46 %
Shatrasta to
Flyover
Group 06
Group 07
Group 08
Group 09
Group 10
Average
Directional
distribution
Service flow
rate
(PCU/hour)
1852
2121.20
1721.6
2392.8
1874.4
1992.32
54%
58. Service flow rate Histogram
(Flyover to Shatrasta)
2000
1877.2
1900
1707
1632
PCU/hour
1500
1518
1000
500
0
8:15-8:30
8:30-8:45
8:45-9:00
Time
9:00-9:15
9:15-9:30
59. Service flow rate Histogram
(Shatrasta to Flyover)
2392.8
2500
2121.2
PCU/hour
2000
1852
1874.4
1721.6
1500
1000
500
0
8:15-8:30
8:30-8:45
8:45-9:00
Time
9:00-9:15
9:15-9:30
64. Recommendations
5% of total vehicles were Non-motorized vehicles.
A dedicated lane should be provided to facilitate nonmotorized vehicle.
65. Recommendations
39% of total vehicles were private cars. To reduce the number
of private cars two steps can be taken• Introducing TollsHOTCongestion pricing along some specific
urban roadways.
• Introducing parking permits and restricting parking space.
67. Operated manual counting without a single Hand
Counter.
No provision for cross check in the manual
method.
No vantage location from where video method
could be used to collect data.