SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  7
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
2012

       AITIS In-Situ
       Metallography &
       Replica Services




       A. I. Al Tamimi Industrial Services
       ABDALLAH I. AL TAMIMI INDUSTRIAL SERVICES
                                 ESTABLISHMENT
                           Testing & Inspection Works
IN-SITU OR FIELD METALLOGRAPHY



Metallography:

Metallography or microscopy consists of microscopic study of the structural constituents (i.e. Ferrite,
Pearlite, Carbide, Austenite, etc.) of metals or an alloy by optical microscope or an electron
microscope. In metallography, we also study the relation of structure to properties of metals or alloys.
When metallography carried out nondestructively and at the site without destroying the component it
is known as in-situ metallography.



History:

In 1860 Henery-Clifton Sorby developed a technique for the systematic examination of metals or
alloys under the microscope and can therefore lay claim to be the founder of that branch of the
metallurgy known as microscopical metallography.



Scope:
Field Metallography is most important NDT technique for assessment of plant health and life to avoid
disastrous failures and to guarantee safe operations of critical equipments in petrochemical plants,
power plants, cement plants, fertilizer plants, etc.

When material or component used in service for long time or at high temperature or high pressure its
microstructure degrade or change. On-site or field metallography can be useful for assessment of in-
service degradation of microstructure.

Properties like mechanical, physical, metallurgical and corrosion resistance of metals and alloys all
depend on the microstructure of the metals or alloys.



Advantages:
  The technique is portable and can be used on-site.
  Field metallography can also be used to monitor quality of purchased components.
  Field metallography can be used to monitor the evolution of microstructural changes in
   components during lifetime.
  This is particularly useful in assessing creep damage in elevated temperature components
   (turbine rotor /discs, steam piping, heat exchanger, chemical reactor, pressure vessels, etc.)
  The technique can be applied to a wide variety of materials.
  Field metallography can complement nondestructive techniques such as ultrasonic testing.
Applications:
AITIS provides On-site OR Field Metallography services on the following:

  Metallographic examination of various metals & alloys in different forms such as castings,
   forgings, pipes, plates etc. non-destructively & at site.
  Life assessment of equipment & components in service at high temperature & under high stress /
   pressure (like reactors, furnace tubes, turbine shaft, turbine discs, gas pipe lines etc.)
  Failure analysis by fracture examination.
  Inter-Granular Corrosion Cracking – IGCC.
  Cost effectiveness of heat treatment procedures on multi-sectional parts by test on each section
   without cutting.
  Checking welds & Heat affected zone for micro cracks, creep voids & other defects in pipelines
   & pressure vessels.
  Heater Tubes
  Boiler Tubes
  Steam Piping
  Tanks
In-Situ Metallography

The in-situ metallography technique consists of
    Location selection,
    Mechanical grinding,
    Mechanical polishing/electrolytic polishing,
    Chemical etching/electrolytic etching,
    Microscopic examination (Capture Micrograph), and
    Replication.

Equipments used for in-situ metallography are below
  Fine Grinder & Polisher with a flexible shaft & variable speed / constant torque control
  Electrolytic Polishing & Etching Equipment
  Portable Microscope (Magnification 100X – 400X)
  Digital Camera attached with portable microscope and captured micrograph at site.
  Replica Kit

Consumables used for in-situ metallography are listed below
    Grinding papers of different grit sizes
    Polishing cloths
    Diamond Paste
    Etchants (solvents)
    Water bottles
    Replica films
Damage Mechanism and Degradation of Microstructure
Degradation of microstructures determines through Field metallography or In-situ metallography:

 1. Creep damage

 2. Hydrogen attack

 3. Thermal fatigue

 4. Intergranular corrosion

 5. Stress Corrosion Cracking

 6. Sigma Phase

 7. High temperature oxidation

 8. Carburization

 9. Decarburization

 10. Carbide precipitation

 11. Graphitization

1. Creep Damage
Creep is time dependent permanent deformation that occurs under stress at elevated temperature. The
rate of this creep is a role of the material properties, exposure time, exposure temperature and the
applied structural load. Generally creep occurs in furnace tubes, heater tubes, boiler tubes, turbine
blades, turbine discs, reactors and other high temperature equipments use in petrochemical, Power
plants, fertilizers plants etc.

2. Hydrogen Embrittlement
The process in which metal become brittle due to hydrogen dissolve in metals in atomic form and
make Hydrogen molecules in voids. They create pressure from inside the cavity they are in. This
pressure can increase to levels where the metal has reduced ductility and tensile strength up to the
point where it cracks open (hydrogen induced cracking, or HIC). Hydrogen diffuses in metal at
elevated temperature.

3. Thermal fatigue
Fracture of material under cycling load is called fatigue, when fatigue is subjected to elevated and
cyclic temperature is known as thermal fatigue. It is prominent in turbines where some heating or
cooling takes place each time a power setting is changed.

4. Intergranular Corrosion
Intergranular corrosion (IGC) OR intergranular attack (IGA) is a form of corrosion in which grain
boundaries of the material are crude due to depletion of some elements from grain boundaries, like
depletion of chromium in stainless steel this process is called sensitization.
5. Stress Corrosion Cracking
The process of cracking metals due to corrosion, residual stresses and applied stresses. Stress
Corrosion Cracking (SCC) depends on the material properties, environment that causes SCC for that
material, and sufficient tensile stress to induce SCC.

6. Sigma Phase
Sigma phase is a brittle, non-magnetic intermetallic phase composed mainly of iron and chromium
which forms in ferritic and austenitic stainless steels during exposure at 560º-980ºC (1,050º-1,800ºF).
It causes loss of ductility and toughness. It is secondary phase and form at the grain boundaries.

7. High Temperature Oxidation
 In high oxidation atmosphere at high temperature the oxygen penetrate inside and make the grain
boundaries thicker in carbon steel.

8. Carburization
Under highly carbon atmosphere and at elevated temperature the carbon is diffuses in the metals
surface and make the surface hard and abrasion resistance this phenomenon is called carburization.
But because too great a concentration of carbon makes metal brittle and unworkable, carburization
depend on time, temperature and concentration of carbon in atmosphere.

9. Decarburization
Removal of carbon from the surface of steel in presence of oxygen at elevated temperature is called
decarburization. Decarburization is the opposite of carburization. When carbon is removed from the
surface it becomes soft.

10. Carbide Precipitation
Precipitation of alloying elements like Carbon on the grain boundaries of steel or other alloys is called
carbide precipitation. Precipitation reduces the corrosion resistance and makes the steel brittle. This
degradation of structure is common in stainless steel and super alloys.

11. Graphitization
In solid state transformation of non graphitic carbon (carbide and solid solution) to graphite form is
called graphitization. When plain carbon steel is used for prolonged time at elevated temperature the
pearlite convert to graphite and reduce the strength of steel.
Location Map




Contacts
Abdallah I. Al Tamimi Industrial Services Establishment

POBOX 30844
LOT 121-123 ALFAIHA INDUSTRIAL CITY
AL KHOBAR, 31952, SAUDI ARABIA
TEL: 966 3 864 0369 FAX: 966 3 864 0396

Email: info@tamimiservices.com

Site: www.tamimiservices.com


Dhib Al Subaii                            Sultan Al harthi
Executive Manager                         Operation Manager
Mobile: +966 505 824 942                  Mobile: +966 502 572 227, +966 557 587 772
Email: dhib@tamimiservices.com            Email: sultan@tamimiservices.com


Gopikrishnan.T
Business Development Engineer
Mobile: +966 500 566 806
Email: gopikrishnan@tamimiservices.com

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Shop fabrication of structural steel
Shop fabrication of structural steelShop fabrication of structural steel
Shop fabrication of structural steelAhmed Allam
 
Weldability of stainless steels
Weldability of stainless steelsWeldability of stainless steels
Weldability of stainless steelsArchunan Ponnukhan
 
Chapter 4 corrosion testin
Chapter 4 corrosion testinChapter 4 corrosion testin
Chapter 4 corrosion testinNima_s70
 
Metallography material engineering
Metallography material engineeringMetallography material engineering
Metallography material engineeringsatyendraahirwar
 
Stress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion crackingStress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion crackingJMB
 
Phase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of Metals
Phase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of MetalsPhase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of Metals
Phase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of MetalsExplosion Cladding
 
Welding lectures 14 16
Welding lectures 14 16Welding lectures 14 16
Welding lectures 14 16Suraj Aggarwal
 
(Pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion)
(Pitting  corrosion  and crevice  corrosion)(Pitting  corrosion  and crevice  corrosion)
(Pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion)Mustafa Hasan
 
BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...
BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...
BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...Matteo Sporchia
 
Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.
Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.
Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.Sidheshwar Kumar
 
The Importance of Welding Electrode Flux Coating
The Importance of Welding Electrode Flux CoatingThe Importance of Welding Electrode Flux Coating
The Importance of Welding Electrode Flux CoatingAnnamalai Ram
 
Metallurgy and welding
 Metallurgy and welding Metallurgy and welding
Metallurgy and weldingKhalid Hafez
 

Tendances (20)

Shop fabrication of structural steel
Shop fabrication of structural steelShop fabrication of structural steel
Shop fabrication of structural steel
 
Steel making
Steel makingSteel making
Steel making
 
Weldability of stainless steels
Weldability of stainless steelsWeldability of stainless steels
Weldability of stainless steels
 
Lecture 04
Lecture 04Lecture 04
Lecture 04
 
Heat Treatment of Steels
Heat Treatment of SteelsHeat Treatment of Steels
Heat Treatment of Steels
 
Chapter 4 corrosion testin
Chapter 4 corrosion testinChapter 4 corrosion testin
Chapter 4 corrosion testin
 
Metallography material engineering
Metallography material engineeringMetallography material engineering
Metallography material engineering
 
Stress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion crackingStress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion cracking
 
Phase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of Metals
Phase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of MetalsPhase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of Metals
Phase Diagram & Heat Treatment Of Metals
 
Welding lectures 14 16
Welding lectures 14 16Welding lectures 14 16
Welding lectures 14 16
 
Metallrgical Testing
Metallrgical TestingMetallrgical Testing
Metallrgical Testing
 
Steel MAking: Lecture Vacuum Degassing, VOD, Ladle-De-S, ESR
Steel MAking: Lecture Vacuum Degassing, VOD, Ladle-De-S, ESRSteel MAking: Lecture Vacuum Degassing, VOD, Ladle-De-S, ESR
Steel MAking: Lecture Vacuum Degassing, VOD, Ladle-De-S, ESR
 
(Pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion)
(Pitting  corrosion  and crevice  corrosion)(Pitting  corrosion  and crevice  corrosion)
(Pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion)
 
Introduction to Radiographic Testing
Introduction to Radiographic TestingIntroduction to Radiographic Testing
Introduction to Radiographic Testing
 
BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...
BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...
BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING (BOS) - The Processing Route (blast furnace - basic ...
 
Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.
Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.
Hydrogen Embrittlement : Causes, Effects, Prevention.
 
Weld repair raghav
Weld repair raghavWeld repair raghav
Weld repair raghav
 
Stress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion crackingStress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion cracking
 
The Importance of Welding Electrode Flux Coating
The Importance of Welding Electrode Flux CoatingThe Importance of Welding Electrode Flux Coating
The Importance of Welding Electrode Flux Coating
 
Metallurgy and welding
 Metallurgy and welding Metallurgy and welding
Metallurgy and welding
 

En vedette

Bucket elevator-safety
Bucket elevator-safetyBucket elevator-safety
Bucket elevator-safetyManish Thakur
 
3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)
3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)
3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)Parthibanraj Selvaraj
 
Servicios AQCLab 2017
Servicios AQCLab 2017Servicios AQCLab 2017
Servicios AQCLab 2017AQCLab
 
Metallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUET
Metallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUETMetallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUET
Metallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUETdsfasdas
 
Metallurgy
MetallurgyMetallurgy
MetallurgyCloudj
 
Preparation Of Specimen For Microscopic Examination
Preparation Of Specimen For Microscopic ExaminationPreparation Of Specimen For Microscopic Examination
Preparation Of Specimen For Microscopic ExaminationPATEL DEEP
 
Presentation on Metallurgy and Materials
Presentation on Metallurgy and MaterialsPresentation on Metallurgy and Materials
Presentation on Metallurgy and Materialsranjith radhakrishnan
 
Quantitative metallography
Quantitative metallographyQuantitative metallography
Quantitative metallographyN.Prakasan
 
material science & metallurgy
material science & metallurgy material science & metallurgy
material science & metallurgy Darshan Panchal
 
Metallurgy -All about it
Metallurgy -All about itMetallurgy -All about it
Metallurgy -All about ittanushseshadri
 
Metallurgy--intro
Metallurgy--introMetallurgy--intro
Metallurgy--introMoiz Barry
 
презентация русские не сдаются
презентация русские не сдаютсяпрезентация русские не сдаются
презентация русские не сдаютсяValentina Lambertova
 
Retirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award Winners
Retirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award WinnersRetirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award Winners
Retirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award WinnersCorporate Insight
 
Customer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLM
Customer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLMCustomer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLM
Customer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLMquandongpie
 

En vedette (20)

Insitu Metallograhy report
Insitu Metallograhy reportInsitu Metallograhy report
Insitu Metallograhy report
 
Bucket elevator-safety
Bucket elevator-safetyBucket elevator-safety
Bucket elevator-safety
 
Basic metallurgy
Basic metallurgyBasic metallurgy
Basic metallurgy
 
3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)
3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)
3.metallography experiment (engineering lab)
 
Resume_Metallurgist
Resume_MetallurgistResume_Metallurgist
Resume_Metallurgist
 
Servicios AQCLab 2017
Servicios AQCLab 2017Servicios AQCLab 2017
Servicios AQCLab 2017
 
Metallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUET
Metallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUETMetallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUET
Metallurgical Engineering Scope! by MES-NEDUET
 
Metallurgy
MetallurgyMetallurgy
Metallurgy
 
Preparation Of Specimen For Microscopic Examination
Preparation Of Specimen For Microscopic ExaminationPreparation Of Specimen For Microscopic Examination
Preparation Of Specimen For Microscopic Examination
 
Presentation on Metallurgy and Materials
Presentation on Metallurgy and MaterialsPresentation on Metallurgy and Materials
Presentation on Metallurgy and Materials
 
Quantitative metallography
Quantitative metallographyQuantitative metallography
Quantitative metallography
 
material science & metallurgy
material science & metallurgy material science & metallurgy
material science & metallurgy
 
Metallurgy -All about it
Metallurgy -All about itMetallurgy -All about it
Metallurgy -All about it
 
Metallurgy--intro
Metallurgy--introMetallurgy--intro
Metallurgy--intro
 
Industrial metallurgy
Industrial metallurgyIndustrial metallurgy
Industrial metallurgy
 
Audience Theory
Audience Theory Audience Theory
Audience Theory
 
презентация русские не сдаются
презентация русские не сдаютсяпрезентация русские не сдаются
презентация русские не сдаются
 
Retirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award Winners
Retirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award WinnersRetirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award Winners
Retirement - 2013 Gold Monitor Award Winners
 
Customer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLM
Customer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLMCustomer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLM
Customer service presentation pdf Cert IV FLM
 
Quality Analyst - Niharika
Quality Analyst - NiharikaQuality Analyst - Niharika
Quality Analyst - Niharika
 

Similaire à On site metallography

IRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and Gunmetal
IRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and GunmetalIRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and Gunmetal
IRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and GunmetalIRJET Journal
 
ProCoat Catalogue
ProCoat CatalogueProCoat Catalogue
ProCoat CatalogueRajiv Patel
 
Sensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless Steel
Sensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless SteelSensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless Steel
Sensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless SteelIJAEMSJORNAL
 
IRJET- Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...
IRJET-  	  Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...IRJET-  	  Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...
IRJET- Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...IRJET Journal
 
Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...
Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...
Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...Mukesh Karnik
 
Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...
Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...
Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...IRJET Journal
 
Metal corrosion and its prevention
Metal corrosion and its preventionMetal corrosion and its prevention
Metal corrosion and its preventionDr. Sandip Thorat
 
Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...
Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...
Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...IJMER
 
CHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptx
CHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptxCHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptx
CHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptxLaxmiManu
 
Mechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisi
Mechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisiMechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisi
Mechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisiIAEME Publication
 
Material technology Newly develpoed engineering materials
Material technology Newly develpoed engineering materialsMaterial technology Newly develpoed engineering materials
Material technology Newly develpoed engineering materialsMihir Taylor
 
Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...
Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...
Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...IJERA Editor
 
SVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptx
SVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptxSVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptx
SVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptx20MEB332
 
IRJET- Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...
IRJET-	 Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...IRJET-	 Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...
IRJET- Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...IRJET Journal
 
Design of steels for high speed machining
Design of steels for high speed machiningDesign of steels for high speed machining
Design of steels for high speed machiningLepuufu
 

Similaire à On site metallography (20)

IRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and Gunmetal
IRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and GunmetalIRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and Gunmetal
IRJET- Effect of Soft Annealing on Copper, Brass and Gunmetal
 
ProCoat Catalogue
ProCoat CatalogueProCoat Catalogue
ProCoat Catalogue
 
Sensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless Steel
Sensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless SteelSensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless Steel
Sensitization of Gold Dust in 430 Grade Stainless Steel
 
IRJET- Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...
IRJET-  	  Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...IRJET-  	  Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...
IRJET- Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...
 
Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...
Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...
Microstructure and Hardness observation of HEAT AFFECTED ZONE of low carbon s...
 
L013167279
L013167279L013167279
L013167279
 
Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...
Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...
Study of Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel (304) Bolts at Elevated and...
 
Metal corrosion and its prevention
Metal corrosion and its preventionMetal corrosion and its prevention
Metal corrosion and its prevention
 
Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...
Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...
Effects of Continuous Cooling On Impact and Micro Structural Properties of Lo...
 
CHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptx
CHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptxCHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptx
CHARACTERISATION OF HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.pptx
 
Oz3426202627
Oz3426202627Oz3426202627
Oz3426202627
 
electrical steel.docx
electrical steel.docxelectrical steel.docx
electrical steel.docx
 
Mechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisi
Mechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisiMechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisi
Mechanical property assessment of austempered and conventionally hardened aisi
 
Material technology Newly develpoed engineering materials
Material technology Newly develpoed engineering materialsMaterial technology Newly develpoed engineering materials
Material technology Newly develpoed engineering materials
 
JOURNAL
JOURNALJOURNAL
JOURNAL
 
Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...
Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...
Study of Pitting Corrosion Behavior of FSW weldments of AA6101- T6 Aluminium ...
 
SVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptx
SVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptxSVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptx
SVCE Project work batch 13 PPT@@@@.pptx
 
Aceros avanzados .pptx
Aceros avanzados .pptxAceros avanzados .pptx
Aceros avanzados .pptx
 
IRJET- Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...
IRJET-	 Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...IRJET-	 Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...
IRJET- Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of Sintered Iron and Alu...
 
Design of steels for high speed machining
Design of steels for high speed machiningDesign of steels for high speed machining
Design of steels for high speed machining
 

Dernier

3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptxmary850239
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxraviapr7
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRATanmoy Mishra
 
A gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial IntelligenceA gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial IntelligenceApostolos Syropoulos
 
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...Dr. Asif Anas
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxraviapr7
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfYu Kanazawa / Osaka University
 
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptxSlides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptxCapitolTechU
 
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...M56BOOKSTORE PRODUCT/SERVICE
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptxSandy Millin
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxDr. Asif Anas
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
Department of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdf
Department of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdfDepartment of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdf
Department of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdfMohonDas
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICESayali Powar
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxiammrhaywood
 

Dernier (20)

3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
 
A gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial IntelligenceA gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
A gentle introduction to Artificial Intelligence
 
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
 
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptxSlides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...KARNAADA.pptx  made by -  saransh dwivedi ( SD ) -  SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
Department of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdf
Department of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdfDepartment of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdf
Department of Health Compounder Question ‍Solution 2022.pdf
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
 

On site metallography

  • 1. 2012 AITIS In-Situ Metallography & Replica Services A. I. Al Tamimi Industrial Services ABDALLAH I. AL TAMIMI INDUSTRIAL SERVICES ESTABLISHMENT Testing & Inspection Works
  • 2. IN-SITU OR FIELD METALLOGRAPHY Metallography: Metallography or microscopy consists of microscopic study of the structural constituents (i.e. Ferrite, Pearlite, Carbide, Austenite, etc.) of metals or an alloy by optical microscope or an electron microscope. In metallography, we also study the relation of structure to properties of metals or alloys. When metallography carried out nondestructively and at the site without destroying the component it is known as in-situ metallography. History: In 1860 Henery-Clifton Sorby developed a technique for the systematic examination of metals or alloys under the microscope and can therefore lay claim to be the founder of that branch of the metallurgy known as microscopical metallography. Scope: Field Metallography is most important NDT technique for assessment of plant health and life to avoid disastrous failures and to guarantee safe operations of critical equipments in petrochemical plants, power plants, cement plants, fertilizer plants, etc. When material or component used in service for long time or at high temperature or high pressure its microstructure degrade or change. On-site or field metallography can be useful for assessment of in- service degradation of microstructure. Properties like mechanical, physical, metallurgical and corrosion resistance of metals and alloys all depend on the microstructure of the metals or alloys. Advantages:  The technique is portable and can be used on-site.  Field metallography can also be used to monitor quality of purchased components.  Field metallography can be used to monitor the evolution of microstructural changes in components during lifetime.  This is particularly useful in assessing creep damage in elevated temperature components (turbine rotor /discs, steam piping, heat exchanger, chemical reactor, pressure vessels, etc.)  The technique can be applied to a wide variety of materials.  Field metallography can complement nondestructive techniques such as ultrasonic testing.
  • 3. Applications: AITIS provides On-site OR Field Metallography services on the following:  Metallographic examination of various metals & alloys in different forms such as castings, forgings, pipes, plates etc. non-destructively & at site.  Life assessment of equipment & components in service at high temperature & under high stress / pressure (like reactors, furnace tubes, turbine shaft, turbine discs, gas pipe lines etc.)  Failure analysis by fracture examination.  Inter-Granular Corrosion Cracking – IGCC.  Cost effectiveness of heat treatment procedures on multi-sectional parts by test on each section without cutting.  Checking welds & Heat affected zone for micro cracks, creep voids & other defects in pipelines & pressure vessels.  Heater Tubes  Boiler Tubes  Steam Piping  Tanks
  • 4. In-Situ Metallography The in-situ metallography technique consists of  Location selection,  Mechanical grinding,  Mechanical polishing/electrolytic polishing,  Chemical etching/electrolytic etching,  Microscopic examination (Capture Micrograph), and  Replication. Equipments used for in-situ metallography are below  Fine Grinder & Polisher with a flexible shaft & variable speed / constant torque control  Electrolytic Polishing & Etching Equipment  Portable Microscope (Magnification 100X – 400X)  Digital Camera attached with portable microscope and captured micrograph at site.  Replica Kit Consumables used for in-situ metallography are listed below  Grinding papers of different grit sizes  Polishing cloths  Diamond Paste  Etchants (solvents)  Water bottles  Replica films
  • 5. Damage Mechanism and Degradation of Microstructure Degradation of microstructures determines through Field metallography or In-situ metallography: 1. Creep damage 2. Hydrogen attack 3. Thermal fatigue 4. Intergranular corrosion 5. Stress Corrosion Cracking 6. Sigma Phase 7. High temperature oxidation 8. Carburization 9. Decarburization 10. Carbide precipitation 11. Graphitization 1. Creep Damage Creep is time dependent permanent deformation that occurs under stress at elevated temperature. The rate of this creep is a role of the material properties, exposure time, exposure temperature and the applied structural load. Generally creep occurs in furnace tubes, heater tubes, boiler tubes, turbine blades, turbine discs, reactors and other high temperature equipments use in petrochemical, Power plants, fertilizers plants etc. 2. Hydrogen Embrittlement The process in which metal become brittle due to hydrogen dissolve in metals in atomic form and make Hydrogen molecules in voids. They create pressure from inside the cavity they are in. This pressure can increase to levels where the metal has reduced ductility and tensile strength up to the point where it cracks open (hydrogen induced cracking, or HIC). Hydrogen diffuses in metal at elevated temperature. 3. Thermal fatigue Fracture of material under cycling load is called fatigue, when fatigue is subjected to elevated and cyclic temperature is known as thermal fatigue. It is prominent in turbines where some heating or cooling takes place each time a power setting is changed. 4. Intergranular Corrosion Intergranular corrosion (IGC) OR intergranular attack (IGA) is a form of corrosion in which grain boundaries of the material are crude due to depletion of some elements from grain boundaries, like depletion of chromium in stainless steel this process is called sensitization.
  • 6. 5. Stress Corrosion Cracking The process of cracking metals due to corrosion, residual stresses and applied stresses. Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) depends on the material properties, environment that causes SCC for that material, and sufficient tensile stress to induce SCC. 6. Sigma Phase Sigma phase is a brittle, non-magnetic intermetallic phase composed mainly of iron and chromium which forms in ferritic and austenitic stainless steels during exposure at 560º-980ºC (1,050º-1,800ºF). It causes loss of ductility and toughness. It is secondary phase and form at the grain boundaries. 7. High Temperature Oxidation In high oxidation atmosphere at high temperature the oxygen penetrate inside and make the grain boundaries thicker in carbon steel. 8. Carburization Under highly carbon atmosphere and at elevated temperature the carbon is diffuses in the metals surface and make the surface hard and abrasion resistance this phenomenon is called carburization. But because too great a concentration of carbon makes metal brittle and unworkable, carburization depend on time, temperature and concentration of carbon in atmosphere. 9. Decarburization Removal of carbon from the surface of steel in presence of oxygen at elevated temperature is called decarburization. Decarburization is the opposite of carburization. When carbon is removed from the surface it becomes soft. 10. Carbide Precipitation Precipitation of alloying elements like Carbon on the grain boundaries of steel or other alloys is called carbide precipitation. Precipitation reduces the corrosion resistance and makes the steel brittle. This degradation of structure is common in stainless steel and super alloys. 11. Graphitization In solid state transformation of non graphitic carbon (carbide and solid solution) to graphite form is called graphitization. When plain carbon steel is used for prolonged time at elevated temperature the pearlite convert to graphite and reduce the strength of steel.
  • 7. Location Map Contacts Abdallah I. Al Tamimi Industrial Services Establishment POBOX 30844 LOT 121-123 ALFAIHA INDUSTRIAL CITY AL KHOBAR, 31952, SAUDI ARABIA TEL: 966 3 864 0369 FAX: 966 3 864 0396 Email: info@tamimiservices.com Site: www.tamimiservices.com Dhib Al Subaii Sultan Al harthi Executive Manager Operation Manager Mobile: +966 505 824 942 Mobile: +966 502 572 227, +966 557 587 772 Email: dhib@tamimiservices.com Email: sultan@tamimiservices.com Gopikrishnan.T Business Development Engineer Mobile: +966 500 566 806 Email: gopikrishnan@tamimiservices.com