4. Digestive Enzymes
Low Hydrochloric Acid
Parasites, bacteria and fungus
Gut dysbiosis and leaky gut
Digestive disorders
Allergens- how food can affect gut and immune
system and associated disorders such as asthma
and skin conditions
How Poor digestive function affects mood and
behavior
5. Proper digestion is absolutely critical for good health. Your body requires efficient elimination of
wastes to maintain well-being and energy levels. Indigestion is the most common physiological
disorder in humans and as you might guess,
There are three stages to the digestive process and all must be in good working order for good
health, but there are commonly problems at each step along the way.
o First, there is indigestion, which begins in the mouth and goes on down to the stomach and into the
small intestines.
o Next, there is reduced absorption, which takes place in the small intestines.
o Lastly, there is lower bowel constipation, which can show up as diarrhoea, infrequent bowel movements,
bloating, or foul gas.
How do we know that we might not be digesting our food properly?
o Foul smelling stools, gas, Bloating , distension, acid reflux, constipation, diarrhoea, belching, undigested
food in the stools, off coloured stools
What can we do about it?
o Increase our Hydrochloric acid in our gut,
• apple cider vinegar or lemon juice in water before meals,
• Increase B6 and protein in diet.
6. What are enzymes?
These are protein like substances, formed in animal and plant cells, that act as catalysts to initiate
or speed up specific chemical reactions within the cells. We have trillions of enzymes, and as they
complete their function they die. Enzymes are in every cell of our body, performing vital functions
every milli-second.
Where do they come from?
All living cells contain enzymes - they are the "spark of life" in the cells. We are born with a "bank of
enzymes". Although, to some degree, we can replenish enzymes by manufacturing metabolic
enzymes in the liver and digestive enzymes in the pancreas (primarily for protein digestion), the
number of enzymes each cell can produce is limited. Most of the enzymes needed for digestion
should come from food.
What do enzymes do and why are they so important?
These tiny substances are vital to all cellular activity in our bodies. Your heart, lungs, liver, eyes, skin,
glands - every organ, tissue and cell in your body are dependent upon enzymes for every process
and function. Enzymes help prevent degenerative disease, keep us youthful, increase our energy.
Digestive enzymes break down food and insure complete digestion and assimilation of nutrients.
When our enzyme bank is depleted, we die, so we want to be sure they are not wasted.
7. How can enzymes be wasted?
When we eat foods that don't contain digestive enzymes, our body must use its
limited supply of metabolic enzymes to digest our food, for digestion is the
body's main priority
Digestive enzymes are supposed to come from food. Our bodies cannot
make up for the amount of enzymes needed to digest the average meal.
Why don't most of our foods contain enzymes?
Cooked, processed and chemical laden foods do not contain enzymes. Even
people who eat healthfully include cooked foods in their diet, for some foods
must be cooked. Also, "live" foods (raw fruits, vegetables, etc.) that are not
organically grown don't contain enough enzymes.
Not only do many of our foods not contain the necessary digestive enzymes,
they --especially all "junk foods" -- use up an excessive amount of your
metabolic enzymes as your body attempts to digest these "foodless foods".
8. What happens when we don't have enough enzymes for digestion?
We experience digestive problems of all kinds, usually with gas, pain and
discomfort. Essential nutrients are not assimilated and lack of nutrients
leads to disease. In addition, incomplete digestion causes toxicity from
undigested food particles and toxicity also leads to disease. Perhaps the
most serious result of lack of enzymes and incomplete digestion is a
weakened immune system.
Many people, who would benefit from taking digestive enzymes, are
taking over-the-counter medicine for digestive disturbances and what is
commonly called "heartburn". These are harmful, and in fact, until
recently, some of the more powerful ones could only be obtained by
prescription. These medicines block the production of hydrochloric
acid, which is essential for the digestion of minerals and protein. (In
addition, hydrochloric acid is our first line of defence against harmful
bacteria…but that's a different article.)
9. Protease,
helps digest proteins. Un-digested proteins wind up in circulatory system and other parts of your body.
Food Sources: Broccoli, Figs, Guava, Ginger root, Green plants, Kiwi, Mushrooms, Papaya, Pineapple,
Romaine lettuce, Spinach, Soy bean, Wheat, Kidney beans
Amylase,
helps digest carbohydrates. Incomplete digestion can cause blood sugar imbalances, allergies, and asthma
Food sources: Banana, Beets (roots, leaves and stems), Cabbage, Reishi mushrooms, Sweet potato
Egg, Maple sap, Milk, Honey, Sugar-cane, Barley, Corn, Oats, Rice, Wheat, Kidney beans
Lipase,
helps digest fat. Incomplete digestion can lead to clogged arteries causing blood pressure and heart
problems.
Food Sources: Avocado, Coconuts, Corn, Flaxseeds, Raw red meats, Romaine Lettuce, Spinach, Wheat
germ ,Rice, Soybeans, Rape seeds
Cellulase,
Helps break down cellulose (soluble fiber). Helps bind heavy metal and toxins to be expelled out of body
Food Sources. Avocado, Peas, Reishi mushrooms, Oat sprouts,
10. Maltase,
Helps convert complex sugar found in malt and grain products into glucose
Food Sources: Banana, Beet leaves, Green plants, Brewers’s yeast, Mushroom, Sugar-cane, Rice,
Lactase,
Helps digest lactose found in dairy products
Food Sources. Almonds, Apples, Peaches, Persimmons, Tomatoes, Milk.
Sucrase,
Helps digest sucrose including table sugar
Food Sources. Cucumbers, Potato, Romaine Lettuce, Spinach, Sugar-cane
Alpha Galatosidase,
Hydrolyzes sugars in beans that ferment and cause gas. This enzyme is in the Bean-o ,Helps prevent gas.
Food Sources: Cucumbers, Sprouted legumes (soy beans, cowpeas)
Phytase,
Helps digest Phytic acid (Phytate) found in Grains and Seeds releasing phosphorus, calcium and other nutrients
11. Hydrochloric acid helps break down proteins and also plays an
important role in signalling to the pancreas to release digestive
enzymes and bicarbonate.
HCl helps sterilize stomach contents so that bad bacteria cannot
hitch a ride into the small intestine for invasive and destructive
colonization.
Plenty of folks over 40 or 50 have insufficient HCl for digestion;
heartburn is often linked to low HCl levels and over-the-counter
medicines only address the symptom and not the root cause and
can lead to poor digestion, dysbiosis, leaky gut and allergies.
12. Hypochlorhydria is the lack of adequate stomach acid
(hydrochloric acid) production
Insufficient stomach acid also causes absorption of
partially digested food molecules, leading to food
sensitivities.
Low stomach acid increases the overgrowth of pathogens in
the lower intestine.
Malabsorbtion of minerals vitamins and amino acids and
increases the chances of food sensitivities.
13. Stomach aching/pain/discomfort or Multiple food sensitivities
bloating after meals
Trouble digesting red meat
Feel unwell/fatigued right after meals
Food or water 'sits in stomach'
Constipation
High fat foods cause Low iron levels
nausea/stomach upset
Frequent nausea
Undigested food in stool
Nausea/reflux after supplements (e.g.
Reflux &/or heartburn fish oil)
Poor appetite or feel overly full easily Burping after meals
14. What are they?
Bacteria &Yeast
Microbes & Parasites
Intestinal Permeability (‘Leaky gut’)
Inflammation
Constipation & Diarrhoea
Food Sensitivities and Allergens
15. Bacteria
What do they do?
Can they effect brain function?
Why treating with Antibiotics does not work?
Signs and symptoms of bacterial infection…
Abnormal stools, fevers that come and go, persistent nasal
congestion or cough, and behaviours that are abnormal
16. What is yeast?
What are the symptoms?
Itching, rashes, eczema, abdominal bloating, increase
in flatulence, constipation or diarrhoea, smelly stool;
silly/giddy behavior, aggressive, stimming, chewing - on
anything, low energy, cravings for bread, pasta and
sweets
Why do we get it?
How do we treat it?
17. Dr William Shaw (an Autism specialist) has also suggested
an association between Autistic symptoms and yeast
overgrowth in the bowel. Children with mood disorders
could be vulnerable either because of larger than normal
yeast populations or an impaired capacity to detox the yeast
by products. Many parents and physicians report
improvement in both GI and
behavioural symptoms in
children with the use of
antifungals (which kill yeast)
(Jepson B, MD. Changing the course of
Autism. p98, 2007)
18. What is a parasite?
Where do we get them from?
Signs and Symptoms of a parasitic infection…
Allergies, Headaches, Anxiety, Depression, Comprehension difficulty, Brain
Fog, Gas and bloating, Constipation, Diarrhoea, Foul smelling stools,
Chronic fatigue, low energy or
hyperactivity, Flu symptoms,
fever and aches, Poor Immune function,
Sleep disturbances,
Grinding teeth at night,
Vision problems, Anaemia,
Eczema, Rashes and itchy
back passage, Weight gain or loss
19. Headaches, “heavy head,” “heavy-feeling headaches.”
Alternated periods of mental “fuzziness” and greater mental
clarity.
Feeling “muggy-headed” or “blah” or sick in the morning.
Transient malaise, flu-like symptoms.
Transiently increased fatigue, waxing and waning fatigue,
feeling more tired and sluggish, weakness.
Dizziness.
Irritability.
Sensation of “brain firing: bing, bong, bing, bong,” “brain
moving very fast.”
Depression, feeling overwhelmed, strong emotions.
Greater need for “healing naps.”
Swollen or painful lymph nodes.
Runny nose, low grade “sniffles,” sneezing, coughing.
20. A study that assessed SIBO in test subjects, found that
84% of irritable bowel syndrome sufferers, 77% of
chronic fatigue patients and 100% of fibromyalgia (FM)
sufferers had this small bowel dysbiotic overgrowth.
A further study of FM patients revealed that eradication
of SIBO significantly decreased overall pain, abdominal
bloating, wind, constipation, diarrhoea, joint pain and
fatigue.
21. • bloating
• abdominal distension
• abdominal pain or discomfort
• diarrhoea
• fatigue and weakness
• malabsorption syndrome
• nutritional deficiencies
• metabolic bone disorders e.g. osteoporosis
22. What is it?
How does this happen?
How does it affect the brain and mood?
behaviours such as decreased socialisation, decreased
response to pain, abnormal language and self abusive or
repetitive behaviours
31. Afzal and others report a high frequency of both
constipation and loose stools in children with
Autism & mood disorders, suggesting a bowel
motility disorder
Afzal et al, Constipation and acquired megarectum in children with Autism.
Paediatrics. 2003 Oct;112(4):939-42
Can probiotics help?
Studies show probiotics can shorten the duration of acute
diarrhoea in children, eradicate Colstridium difficile,
decrease food derived inflammation markers and reduce
symptoms of lactose intolerance and milk allergies
32. Turns out the runny nose and itchy eyes could actually be affecting your mood
and even be exacerbating your risk for depression.
Doctors agree there's a real connection between allergies and mood, research
also shows there is about a doubling of risk for depression in a person suffering
allergies -- and those who have been seen by an allergist are three times more
likely of having depression.
BUT WHY?
33. Although allergies do not cause clinical depression, they cause mood changes
that result in the physiological symptoms of mild depression, leading to overall
feelings of sadness, lethargy, and fatigue. And those who already suffer from
depression, their symptoms worsen with the allergy.
An allergic reaction brings about the release of cytokines in the body that brings
on the feeling of being ill and ‘mentally drained.’ Earlier studies, had proved that
allergies triggered off by pollen caused fatigue and mood changes and slowed
down cognitive processing.
Allergies/sensitivities create inflammatory
process’s in the gut wall which lead to inflammation.
34. Symptoms of food allergy include
• wheezing
• stomach upsets and
• skin rashes
• Bloating
• Gastrointestinal pain and gas
• Mood and behavioural disturbances
Symptoms of food intolerance are similar to food allergy, but can be associated
with conditions including
• asthma,
• chronic fatigue syndrome and
• irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
• ADD/ADHD
Some food allergens include nuts, gluten and wheat, casein, shellfish, milk, egg
and soy products.
35. In an inflammatory attack, immune cells rev each other up by pumping out
substances known as inflammatory cytokines
The first inkling of a connection between mood and inflammation came
around 1990. Michael Maes, a psychiatrist now at the University of Maastricht
in the Netherlands, was investigating claims that depressed people are
unusually vulnerable to infections and cancer, a theory that could be
explained by a lacklustre immune system.
But when Maes looked at immune cells from depressed people such as
natural-killer cells, monocytes and macrophages, he found instead that the
cells were more active than normal, and spewed out more inflammatory
cytokines. "We had expected to find just the opposite," admits Maes.
Summary, Immune activation leads to Inflammation systemically especially in
the brain.
36. Inflammation
What causes it?
How does it affect the brain and mood?
What conditions involve inflammation?
eczema, hayfever, food allergies, dysbiosis, immune
dysfunction, Autism, ADHD and asthma
37. Socialimplications on the Child and into Adulthood
Long term health problems. IBS, inflammatory
diseases
Increased prevalence of illness, Immune
dysfunction/suppression
Learning difficulties
Autism
ADD/ADHD
38. Urinary Indican Test
Blood Tests Pathology
Live Blood Screening
CDSA (Complete digestive stool analysis)
Allergy testing Stool test
Microbiology testing for specific parasites stool test
39.
40.
41.
42.
43. “This study is the first
to show that the
probiotics
L.acidophilus NCFM …neither B.lactis
& B.lactis Bi-07 BB12 or L.reuteri
reduce the duration & ATCC had any effect
incidence of on respiratory
respiratory illness in illnesses in children…
children”
44. THE RIGHT STRAIN CAN BE
LIFE CHANGING
Lactobacillus GG was effective in prevention
of early atopic disease in children at high
risk…..The frequency of atopic eczema was
half that in the placebo group
Published in “The Lancet”
45.
46. Relief & prevention of
infectious diarrhoea
(bacterial & viral – 1 capsule)
Prevention of eczema, allergies
and atopy
(taken pre & postnatally – 2
caps)
47. • NCFM contains;
Each capsule
– Helps control intestinal
L.acidophillus NCFM 11.5 billion
B.lactis Bi-07 11.5and bacterial
pathogens billion
overgrowth
L.rhamnosus GG (LGG) 2 billion
Restoration of gut flora – Promotes
Colostrum 62mg balance of the gut
immune system
Maintenance of gut health – Improves NOW WITH
1 capsule daily lactose digestion
LGG
General digestive health
• Bi-07
Re-inoculation of the 30 capsules
– Improves gut immunity & gut
bowel after antibiotics 60 capsules
health
Also available Dairy Free
• LGG
(without colostrum)
– Strengthens gut wall, mucosa
& villi
48. Each capsule contains:
S. boullardii 7.5 billion
L. rhamnosus HN001 500 million
Dysbiosis (2 to 4 caps)
2 to 4 capsules daily
Traveller’s diarrhoea
(2 caps)
60 capsules
Candida Overgrowth
(4 caps)
49. Presenting with Results
Child 3 years of age Frequent and normal stools
Constipation Reduction in skin dermatitis eczema
Diarrhoea Normal temperature
Reoccurring infections Less waking at nights
Allergies Better appetite, especially in the mornings
Rashes No pain
Regular high temps Less gas
Morning Nausea
Stomach pain Retesting
Indicans Clear
Tests Microbiology Clear
Indicans test +3green
Microbiology test(positive clostridium, Helicobacter worms)
Low Bifido bacterium
Treatment
Herbal antibacterial ant parasitic medication
Followed by specific probiotic for candida/immune and gut
function repair
Vit C Zinc
Changed diet to remove Dairy and gluten
Increased Fibre and protein
50. Presenting with Out come
32 year old female No pain on defecation
Fatigue Increased energy
IBS Diagnosed Acne cleared
Allergies to Milk & Grass Less gas
Frequent sinus/chest infection Noticed more gas when she ate dairy on occasions
Headaches Only occasional headaches
Bloating, Gas
Pain on defecation Testing
Acne on face and back Indican (+1 yellow)
Continued to retest and keep on a program of
Testing supplementation for bowel and gut repair
Indican urinalysis (+ 3 yellow)
Metametrix Allergy testing (positive casein, wheat)
Treatment
Herbal Parasite and bacterial cleanse
Colostrinun based supplementation
VitC & Zinc
Followed by specific probiotic supplementation
Anti inflammatory gut mucosa healing supplement
Aloe Vera Juice
Removed dairy and Wheat from diet.
Notes de l'éditeur
Autism and behavioural disorders are no longer considered brain disorders. A more appropriate ‘whole body disorder’ perspective has come about after extensive research, with Martha Herbert MD PhD being the first to describe it this way. A complex set of factors influence Autism, ADD and mood disorders; such as toxins, environmental factors, digestive health and inflammation. All of these exert different effects on the brain and symptoms associated with these disorders.There a number of factors that we will discuss in regards to this; these include:YeastInflammationMethylationToxicity and DetoxificationOpiatesAnd most importantly of all…Poor digestion
According to Hippocrates – ‘all disease begins in the gut’. And certainly this is true with the disorders we are talking about today. (ADD, autism, anxiety etc). Digestion and gut health affect the overall health of the individual as well as affecting the brain.Our gut is one of the most important organs in the body; responsible for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients, immune function and elimination of wastes.If digestive system is working properly then the symptoms that are often experienced by patients can be markedly reduced if not eliminated.So it makes sense to support digestion and GI health in all mood disorders
Some autistic children given a dose of antibiotics enjoyed a marked short-term improvement, say US scientists. However, their autistic symptoms returned shortly after the drugs were stopped. The study, carried out at the Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center in Chicago, is being presented as evidence that disruption in gut bacteria was a cause of certain cases of autism. Autism affects approximately one child in 150, develops usually before the child is two years old. It involves loss of language, social and play skills. Only a small number of children were treated, all of whom had been found to have a particular type of bacterium colonising their guts. Bacterial neurotoxinThese bacteria produces a toxin which scientists theorised might be affecting their brains. The children were given an antibiotic targeted at this bacterium - nine out of the 11 treated enjoyed improved cognitive function, behaviour and social skills. Seeing most of these children apparently improve significantly was very excitingDr Richard Sandler The study team described the improvements in some cases as "impressive". Dr Richard Sandler, director of paediatric gastroenterology at Rush Children's Hospital, who led the study, said: "Autism is a devastating disorder with essentially no meaningful treatment. "Seeing most of these children apparently improve significantly was very exciting. "The next step, besides repeating clinical studies, is to go to the lab and try and find out why these effects may have been observed." Unfortunately, once the treatment stopped, the symptoms reasserted themselves. The research was sparked by the work of a Ellen Bolte, the mother of an autistic child, who developed the condition at 19 months old following several months of broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment for excess fluid in the inner ear. She reasoned that the initial antibiotic treatment had disrupted the natural bacteria which line the gut - called the intestinal flora. With this "damaged", other bacteria which could produce harmful toxins could get a foothold and colonise the gut. She said: "It was not long ago that patients diagnosed with peptic ulcers were advised to watch their diet and reduce stress. "Now, it is well-established that most peptic ulders are caused by Helicobacter pylori - a bacteria - and can be cured by antibiotic treatment."
Beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal system are responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food, they reduce inflammation, they inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and pathogens. They also support the immune system and keep us disease free. Negative bacterial overgrowths are responsible for many gut disturbances. Such as constipation, diarrhoea, stomach pains, gas, and bloating In addition to causing damaging local effects to the gut tissue, abnormal bacteria have been shown to affect the brain. Probably because of GI inflammation and abnormal immune function, children with autism have abnormal levels of harmful bowel organisms. Frequent antibiotic use in the first years of life can contribute to the chronic imbalance referred to as intestinal dysbiosis. This is when the balance of bad or negative bacteria out weights that of the good bacteria.It has been documented in the literature that children with autism and behavioural disorders often have elevated levels of potentially harmful and toxin producing bacteria in the GI tract. The most common of these is from the Colstridium family. Others are often found in the bowel including Streptococcus.So what do we see in our kids with behavioural disorders?Abnormal stools are a huge tip off that there is abnormal bacteria growing. Fevers that come and go where the immune system is trying to fight the bacteria, alsoPersistent nasal congestion or cough, and behaviours that are abnormal
Candida is a type of yeast. We all have it; it occurs naturally, though normally in small amounts. The problem with Candida is, when the immune system is compromised in any way, Candida can get out of control and grow.When there is a problem with yeast overgrowth in the body, toxic by products enter the blood stream and make their way to the brain where they can cause symptoms such as inattention, ‘spaciness’, concentration problems and emotional ups and downs. These by products are substances such as alcohol, carbon dioxide gas and other toxins. No wonder we see so many people who are fatigued, they feel ‘out of it’ and have lots of gas!We commonly see yeast infections in children who are ‘run down’ and have recurring infections. Often they crave sugars and carbohydrate laden foods and this will be the only thing they want to eat! Bread, cereal, pasta and more bread, for example. They also may have been treated with antibiotics early in life on more than one occasion. Yeast infections are best treated with anti-fungals, as well as diet modifications, and immune enhancing supplements.
Parasites are opportunistic organisms, that have adverse effects on the human body. Infestation can occur in typically clean environments from even the most cautious of parents. Basically everyone is susceptible to infection from parasites, bacteria and fungus.How parasites affect brain functionParasites often excrete toxins to increase their chance of survival. These toxins will often change blood PH allowing the parasite to multiply and maintain its perfect host environment. Toxic excretions effect many bodily functions in the human body, especially immunological and neurological function. The toxins excreted can cross the blood brain barrier and create inflammation in the brain. They can also slow down and inhibit immune function, affect concentration, comprehension and creating brain fog.
It is the break down of tight junctions in the intestinal wall, allowing molecules of undigested food and proteins to pass through the gut wall into the blood stream. This can lead to immune activation and tissue damage through inflammation also affecting the brain function.We are more prone to developing leaky gut through infections such as viruses, parasites, bacteria and yeast. We can also develop leaky gut through stress, inflammation, food intolerances and allergies, antibiotics, medications and a lack of good bacteria. Many parents have reported that their children’s behaviour improved when they put their child on a gluten free casein free diet. These proteins found in grains and dairy, have been found to be highly immune reactive, particularly those with GI symptoms.There is also strong evidence that parts of these protein molecules act directly on the opiate receptors on the brain. Improved language and cognition can be achieved when on this dietOne hypothesis is that these opioids disrupt the function of the brain, creating or contributing to behaviours such as decreased socialisation, decreased response to pain, abnormal language and self abusive or repetitive behaviours.
Its frequently observed that children with Autism do not have normal stools. Constipation and/or diarrhoea are common. Often with undigested food and can be quite smelly. With constipation - stools can be infrequent or difficult to pass. Loose stools or diarrhoea are the most common stool pattern, reported by a large Gastroenterology referral centre in America, with 78% of children affected.Studies show probiotics can shorten the duration of acute diarrhoea in children, eradicate Colstridiumdifficile, decrease food derived inflammation markers and reduce symptoms of lactose intolerance and milk allergies
Inflammation in the gut and brain can be caused by toxins, food sensitivities, bacteria or yeast in the gut this can cause pain that affects behaviour. Examples being self injury, head banging and eye poking are common signs.Inflammation doesn’t just affect one area of the body. When one part of the body is inflamed it sends out immune messengers that travel throughout the body. These trigger inflammation in areas such as joints, mucus membranes of the lungs and gut and even the brain. These create more inflammation. All of this inflammation leads to allergies which of course cause even more inflammation.It is the common denominator in many conditions such as eczema, hayfever, food allergies and is a major component of dysbiosis, immune dysfunction, autism, ADHD and asthma. Things that cause inflammation include…Food, vaccinations, stress, and infection.
Anger,SocialisationIsolationInstitutionalisedNeurdegenerationAlzhimersMetal retardationMetal disorderDepressionAnxietySelf confidence issuesChronic FatigueInflamatory conditions, FM arthritis
Brief out line of the tests that we do, and why we need to monitor and retest childBaseline and monitor treatment.
