Diabetic kidney disease in African Americans

Index
African Americans
•A• diabetic kidney disease in, 73

AL
A (alpha) cells, 30, 359 gestational diabetes in, 109, 115
A1c at Home (FlexSite), 139 peripheral vascular disease in, 95
A1c Now (Metrika, Inc.), 139 retinopathy, 81

RI
Abbott Laboratories type 2 diabetes, 251–252
blood glucose meters, 129–130 AGEs (advanced glycated end products),

TE
Web site, 353 71, 80, 359
acanthosis nigricans, 99, 252 AIDS medications, 293–294
acarbose, 201, 265, 359 albumin, 71, 73–74, 76, 78

MA
accelerated starvation, 112 alcohol, 59, 164–165, 167, 197, 255
Accu-Chek blood glucose meters (Roche aldosterone, diabetes cause, 49
Diagnostics), 132 algorithm, 359
AccuBase A1c Glycohemoglobin (Diabetes alopecia, 99
D
Technologies), 139 alpha-blockers, 224
ACE inhibitor, 76–78, 141, 359 alpha cells, 30, 359
TE

acesulfame, 166 alpha-fetoprotein, 114
acetaminophen, 224 alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, 201–202
alpha lipoic acid, 87
GH

acetohexamide, 197
acetone, 63, 295, 359 alprostadil, 104
acidosis. See ketoacidosis Alzheimer’s Disease, 262
acromegaly, 49 Amaryl, 354, 359
RI

Activa Brand Products (Web site), 354 American Diabetes Association (ADA)
Actos, 203–204, 265, 354, 359 carbohydrates, 155
PY

ADA. See American Diabetes cholesterol goal, 124
Association (ADA) drug evaluations, 289
adiposity, central, 91 hemoglobin A1c, 137
CO

adolescents, diabetes in, 253–254 membership in, 301
adrenergic symptoms, of hypoglycemia, 56 nutrition section of Web site, 358
adult onset diabetes. See type 2 diabetes standards, 22
advanced glycated end products (AGEs), Web site, 350, 358
71, 80, 359 American Discovery Trail, 187
Advanta Jet (Activa Corporation), 218 American Foundation for the Blind (AFB)
aerobic exercise, 180–182, 188, 194, 241 Web site, 83, 356
AFB (American Foundation for the Blind), Americans with Disabilities Act (1990),
83, 356 272–273

368 Diabetes For Dummies, 3rd Edition

amino acids, 359 Avandia, 354, 360
amitriptylene, 87 Aventis (Web site), 353, 354
amphetamine, 292 Ayurvedic medicine, 291
amputations, 95, 97–98, 142, 304 azotemia, 73
amyotrophy, 359
anaerobic exercise, 180–181, 188
androgens, 118
•B•
Anecdote icon, 6 B (beta) cells, 30, 34–35, 37, 47, 49, 360
anemia, 203 background retinopathy, 81, 360
aneurysms, retinal, 76 Bayer Healthcare LLC
anger, at diagnosis diagnosis, 12–13 blood glucose meters, 130
angiography, 359 Indigent Patient program, 225
angioplasty, 92 Web site, 353
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) Becton, Dickinson and Company
inhibitors, 76–78, 224 lancets, 126
angiotensin II receptor blockers, 78 Web site, 354
animals, diabetes in, 357 bent-over rowing (exercise), 190–191
Animas (Web site), 353 beta blockers, 223, 263
ankle-brachial index (ABI), 95, 123, 143, 304 beta cells, 30, 34–35, 37, 47, 49, 360
anorexia, 172–173 biceps curl (exercise), 189
Antares Pharma (Web site), 354 Bioject Medical Technologies, Inc.
antibodies, 34, 359 (Web site), 354
antidiuretic hormone, 22 BioSafe A1c Hemoglobin Test Kit (BioSafe),
antigens, 359 139
antipsychotics, 292–293 bladder disorders, 88, 106, 266
anxiety, 13, 16, 56 blanket ban, employment, 271
Aqua (restaurant), 319–323 Blind Net (Web site), 83
Archives of Internal Medicine (journal), blindness, 82–83
156, 188, 199 Blindness Resource Center (Web site),
artificial pancreas, 359 82, 356
Asian Americans, 115 blood fats, 75, 77, 91–92
aspartame, 166, 291 blood glucose
aspirin, 59, 223–224, 263, 290 control and diabetic nephropathy, 76
Association for the Accreditation of Human determinants of level, 305–306
Research, 289 exercise effect on, 58–59
atheromatous plaques, 96 glycated products, 71
atherosclerosis, 359 glycemic index of carbohydrates, effect
Atkins diet, 168–169 of, 156–158
atorvastatin, 145, 282 in hyperosmolar syndrome, 54–62
attitude, positive, 302–303 insulin effect on, 30–31
autoimmune diseases, 34–35, 37, 42, 258 in prediabetes, 19–21
autoimmune thyroiditis, 258 testing for diabetes, 27
automatic (autonomic) nerves, 88–89 in type 1 diabetes, 33

Index 369
blood glucose meter
Abbott Laboratories, 129–130 •C•
Accu-Chek meters, 132 CAD (coronary artery disease)
Bayer Healthcare LLC, 130 aspirin and, 223
choosing, 128–129 description of, 91–92
downloading results from, 128 estrogen and, 116
graphic presentation of data, 134–136 fat and, 144
LifeScan, 131 metabolic syndrome and, 92–94
noninvasive meters, 132–133 calcium channel blockers, 223
One Touch meters, 131 calories
Precision meters, 130 from alcohol, 164–165
Roche Diagnostics, 131–132 from carbohydrate, 155–156
suppliers, 352–353 from fat, 160–162
blood glucose monitoring intake during pregnancy, 114
in children, 249–250 from protein, 159–160
frequency of testing, 125–126 total, 152–162
in gestational diabetes, 112–113 very low calorie diets, 168
meters, 128–134 Canadian Diabetes Association
in pregnancy, 125 (Web site), 352
tips for testing, 127 cancer, 47
variation in results, 124 capitated payment, 274
when to test, 123, 125–126 capsacin, 87
blood pressure. See also hypertension carbohydrate counting, 213, 360
eye disease association, 79–83 carbohydrates
heart disease and, 91–94 description, 155–156
hyperosmolar syndrome, 65–68 exercise and, 180
kidney disease and, 73–78 fiber, 158
meaning of, 148 glycemic index, 156–158
measuring, 146–147 intake, 113, 220, 240
rise in weight lifting, 188 in pregnancy, 109–110
smoking and, 96 cardiomyopathy, 94
testing, 146–147 casual plasma glucose, 22
blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 75, 360 cataracts, 80, 360
body mass index (BMI), 43, 147–148, 360 CDE (Certified Diabetes Educator), 232
Border Grill Restaurant, 324–327 Centers for Disease Control (Web site), 355
borderline diabetes, 306, 360 cerebrovascular disease (CVD), 96–97
bracelet, medical alert, 57 Certified Diabetes Educator (CDE), 232
Breastfeeding For Dummies (Perkins and Charcot’s Joint, 86, 360
Vannai), 115 Charlie Trotter’s (restaurant), 327–329
breathing, Kussmaul, 63 children with diabetes
Bristol-Myers Squibb (Web site), 354 adolescents, 253–254
brittle diabetes, 89 becoming an educated caregiver, 247–248
bulimia, 172–173 college-age, 254–255
BUN (blood urea nitrogen), 75, 360 frequency of, 245, 248
bypass surgery, 92


children with diabetes (continued) neuropathy, 83–90
honeymoon period, 243, 247, 249 peripheral vascular disease, 95–96
infants, 246 skin disease, 98–99
obesity and, 255–257, 256 complications, short-term. See also specific
preschoolers, 246–247 conditions
primary school children, 248–253 hyperosmolar syndrome, 65–68
school issues, 250–251 hypoglycemia, 54–62
sick day solutions, 257–258 ketoacidosis, 62–65
team care, value of, 259 solving, 53–54
thyroid disease, 258 Condy, Charles (restaurateur), 319
type 2 diabetes, 251, 253 confusion, 56, 307
young adults, 254 congenital malformations, 110–111, 114
Children with Diabetes (Web site), Consolidated Omnibus Budget
259, 351, 358 Reconciliation Act (COBRA), 276
Chlorpropamide, 197 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
cholesterol (CSII), 360
definition, 360 Controlling Cholesterol For Dummies
heart disease and, 91–94 (Rinzler and Graf), 222
kidney disease and, 73–78 conventional diabetes treatment, 360
metformin effect on, 198–200 convulsions, as hypoglycemia symptom, 57
peripheral vascular disease and, 95–96 cookbook. See recipes
tracking, 143–146 cornstarch, 249
chromium, 289 coronary artery disease (CAD)
chromosomes, 34, 81 aspirin and, 223
chylomicros, 144 description of, 91–92
cinnamon, 290 estrogen and, 116
clozapine, 292 fat and, 144
COBRA (Consolidated Omnibus Budget metabolic syndrome and, 92–94
Reconciliation Act), 276 corticosteroids, 223
cocaine, 291–292 C-reactive protein, 92–93, 149
cognitive screening tests, 262 creatinine, 361
cold virus, 35 cross-training, 184
coma, 57, 66–67 CSII (continuous subcutaneous insulin
compliance, 302 infusion), 360
complications, long-term. See also specific Cushing’s Syndrome, 49
conditions CVD (cerebrovascular disease), 96–97
cerebrovascular disease, 96–97 Cybermedicine: How Computing Empowers
common characteristics, 69–70 Doctors and Patients for Better Health
eye disease, 79–83 Care (Slack), 288
foot disease, 97–98 cyclamate, 166
gum disease, 99–100 cyclosporine, 223
heart disease, 91–94 Cygnus, Inc. (GlucoWatch G2 Biographer),
how they develop, 70 133–134
kidney disease, 70–78 cytotoxic drugs, 37

Index 371
diabetic retinopathy. See retinopathy
•D• diabetologist, 229–230, 361
D cells, 30 Dialogue magazine, 83
DANA Diabecare USA (Web site), 353 dialysis, 70, 77–78, 361
dawn phenomenon, 361 diarrhea, diabetic, 89
DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications diastolic blood pressure, 146, 148
Trial), 38, 76, 283 diet
dealing with diabetes alcohol, 164–165
depression, 13–14, 16 carbohydrates, 155–158
quality of life maintenance, 15–18 eating disorders, 172–173
reacting to diagnosis, 11–14 in the elderly, 263–264
realizing you are not alone, 10–11 fats, 160–162
realizing your potential, 11 following, 240–241
dementia, 262 ketoacidosis and, 62–65
denial, of diabetes diagnosis, 12 minerals, 162–164
depression, 13, 16 in pregnancy, 113–114
dexamethasone, 48 proteins, 159–160
Diabetes Action Network (Web site), 357 role in hypoglycemia, 58
Diabetes Care (journal) substitutions, 157
estrogen and diabetes, 116 sugar substitutes, 165–166
quality of life, 15 total calories, 152–155
Diabetes Control and Complications Trial for type 1 diabetes, 166–167
(DCCT), 38, 76, 283 for type 2 diabetes, 167–168
Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies (Rubin), vitamins, 162–164
232, 252, 314, 319 water, 164
Diabetes Education Act (1991), 250 for weight reduction, 168–170
Diabetes Exercise and Sports Association, dietitian, 231–232, 259
183, 354 diets
Diabetes Forecast (magazine), 222 that don’t work, 294–295
diabetes insipidus, 22 very low calorie, 168
diabetes mellitus, origin of term, 19 for weight loss, 168–170
Diabetes Monitor (Web site), 351 digestive enzymes, 30
Diabetes Technologies (AccuBase A1c diphenylhydantoin, 223
Glycohemoglobin), 139 discrimination, 269, 273
diabetic blood vessel disease distal polyneuropathy, 85–87
cerebrovascular disease, 96–97 diuretics, 78
peripheral vascular disease, 95–96 doctors
Diabetic Care Services, feet examination, diabetologist, 229–230, 361
143 endocrinologist, 229–230, 361
Diabetic Gourmet Magazine, 358 opthalmologist, 230, 264
diabetic ketoacidosis. See ketoacidosis pediatrician, 259
diabetic nephropathy. See kidney disease podiatrist, 230–231, 365
diabetic nerve disease, 76 primary physician, 228–229
diabetic neuropathy. See neuropathy


driving employment
employment bans, 271–272 blanket bans, 271
license, 54 discrimination, 269, 273
drowsiness, in ketoacidosis, 63 insurance coverage and, 277
drugs. See also medications; specific drugs workplace law, 272–273
avoiding illegal, 291–292 end stage renal disease, 75
as diabetes cause, 58 endocrinologist, 229–230, 361
discoveries, 279–281 epinephrine, 49
interactions, 223–224 Equal Employment Opportunity
Duet Glucose Control Monitoring System, Commission (EEOC), 273
140 erectile dysfunction (ED)
Dymelor, 197 causes of, 102–103
definition, 101
•E• treatment, 103–105
essential fatty acids, 161
eating estrogens, 116
behavior, 171–172 ethanol, 224
disorders, 172–183, 174 euglycemia, 361
ED (erectile dysfunction) exchange plan, 361
causes of, 102–103 exercise
definition, 101 aerobic, 180–182, 188
treatment, 103–105 amount, 180–182
edema, 76 anaerobic, 180–181, 188
educator, diabetes, 232, 240, benefits of, 178
242, 259, 314–315 calories burned, 184–185
EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity checking with doctor prior to, 178
Commission), 273 checking value of, 181
ejaculation, 102 choice of activity, 183–186
elderly, diabetes in the cross-training, 184
diagnosis, 261–262 heart rate, 181
diet, 263–264 importance of, 15, 176
elderly defined, 261 moderate, 182
eye problems, 266 myths about diabetes and, 308–309
heart disease and, 262–263 partner, 312–313
hypoglycemia, 264 Perceived Exertion Scale, 181
intellectual function evaluation, 262 quality of life and, 14–17
Medicare, 268 role in hypoglycemia, 56
medication use, 264–266 stretching, 182
sexual problems, 266–267 taking charge of health, 176–177
treatment approaches, 267–268 timing of, 182
urinary problems, 266–267 with type 1 diabetes, 179–180
Eli Lilly and Company (Web site), with type 2 diabetes, 180
225, 353, 354 walking, 186–188
weight reduction and, 168
weight training, 186–189

Index 373
eye Federal Rehabilitation Act (1973), 273
anatomy and function, 79–80 felinediabetes.com (Web site), 357
care, importance of, 304 female sexual problems, 105–107
doctor, 218, 290, 363 Feniger, Susan, 324
examination, 123, 142, 239 fertility enhancement, 203
eye disease fiber, 158, 361
cataracts, 79–80, 266 fibric acid derivatives, 224
description, 79 Field of Greens: New Vegetarian Recipes from
in the elderly, 266 the Celebrated Greens Restaurant
glaucoma, 79–80, 266 (Somerville), 337
kidney disease and, 75 fish oil, 161
pupil abnormalities, 89 Fitness For Dummies (Schlosberg), 182
resources for the blind and visually FlexSite (A1c at Home), 139
impaired, 82–83 fluids, for hyperosmolar syndrome
retinopathy, 80–82, 266 treatment, 67–68
flys (exercise), 192–193
•F• food. See also diet; recipes
intake during pregnancy, 113
FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), 272 partner, help from, 313–314
family support, 17, 233–234 Food and Wine (magazine), 330
famous people with diabetes, 10–11 foot
fasting hyperglycemia, 200 disease, 97–98
fasting lipid panel, 144 doctors, 313
fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 22 examination of, 142–143
fasts, 169 importance of care, 303–304, 310
fat, body FPG (fasting plasma glucose), 22
central distribution of, 44–45 friends, help from, 242
exercise effect on, 183 Fringale (restaurant), 330–333
Fat Burner, 290 fructosamine, 139–140
fat, dietary fructose, 165, 361
calories from, 162 fungal infections, 99
forms of, 160–161
intake during pregnancy, 114
in protein sources, 159–160
•G•
recommended amount, 160 gabapentin, 87
fatigue gallstones, 89
cause of, 177 gastric banding, 170–171
as diabetes symptom, 24 gastric bypass, 170
as hypoglycemia symptom, 56 gastroparesis, 361
in ketoacidosis, 63 Gaylord India Restaurant, 334–336
in type 2 diabetes, 39 genetic influence on diabetes, 309
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 272 Georgetown University Health Policy
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 271 Institute, 275


gestational diabetes golf, 183, 185
description, 47, 361 good morning (exercise), 190, 192
diagnosing, 108–110 Goodman, Joel (The HUMOR Project), 310
frequency of, 47 Gourmet Cooking For Dummies (Trotter),
GFR (glomerular filtration rate), 72 327
glaucoma, 80 Gourmet Magazine, 341
GlaxoSmithKline (Web site), 354 government Web sites, 355–356
glimepiride, 198 Graf, Martin W., 222
glipizide, 198 Greens (restaurant), 336–340
glitazones, 93, 202–204 growth hormone, 49
glomerular basement membrane, 72 Guidedogs for the Blind, 83
glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 72 gum disease, 99–100, 155
glomeruli, 72, 78 Gymnema silvestre, 291
glucagon
definition, 12, 361
exercise effect on, 177
•H•
for hypoglycemia treatment, 61–62 Harbor Village (restaurant), 341–344
production by the pancreas, 30 HDL (high density lipoprotein), 144, 362
Glucagon for Emergencies (kit), 61–62 headache, as hypoglycemia symptom, 56
glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), 205 Health Care Financing Administration, 268
Glucagon Secreting Tumor of the health insurance, 275–277, 309
Pancreas, 49 Health Maintenance Organization (HMO),
Glucophage, 354, 362 274
glucose Health on the Net Foundation, 235–236
definition, 155, 362 Healthfinder (Web site), 355
diabetes symptoms and, 24–25 heart attack, 45, 82, 91–93, 145, 262–263
intravenous, 60 heart disease
metabolism by Polyol Pathway, 71 autonomic neuropathy, 88–89
role in the body, 21–22 cardiomyopathy, 94
for treatment of hypoglycemia, 60–62 in the elderly, 262–263
glucose intolerance, 48, 49 metabolic syndrome, 92–94
glucose tablets, 57, 61 in type 2 diabetes, 40
glucose tolerance, 49, 109, 115 heart rate
GlucoWatch G2 Biographer (Cygnus, Inc.), in cardiac autonomic neuropathy, 89
133–134 exercise and, 181
glyburide, 198 rapid as hypoglycemia symptom, 56
glycated products, 71 hemochromatosis, 48
glycemic index, 156–158, 158, 362 hemodialysis, 77
glycemic load, 158 hemoglobin A1c
glycogen, 23, 31, 362 correlation with blood glucose, 138
glycohemoglobin, 137, 138 definition, 137, 362
glycosuria, 362 diagnosing diabetes in the elderly,
Glyset, 201, 362 261–262
goiters, 164 formation of, 71

Index 375
frequency of testing, 125 hyperthyroidism, 49, 258
goal for, 264 hypnosis, 294
home testing, 129 hypoglycemia
how it works, 138 as barrier to treatment, 55
as indicator of miscarriage risk, 111 causes, 57–59
lowering with oral agents, 201 in children, 247, 249–250
reduction with careful diet, 151–152 definition, 31, 53, 54, 362
reduction by exercise, 176 frequency of, 55
testing schedule, 122–124 myths concerning, 307
value of test, 129 prevention, 60
hemorrhages, retinal, 81–82 symptoms of, 55–57
hepatic glucose output, 41 treatment, 60–62
heroin, 291, 292 hypoglycemia, causes of
High Blood Pressure For Dummies (Rubin), diet, 58
222 exercise, 58
high density lipoprotein (HDL), 144, 362 hormonal changes, 59
Hirigoyen, Gerald (restaurateur/chef), 330 insulin, 58
history of diabetes treatment, 25–27 non-diabetic medications, 59
HMO (Health Maintenance Organization), sulfonylurea medications, 58
274 hypoglycemia unawareness, 59
Home Diagnostics, Inc. (Web site), 353 hypothyroidism, 258
honeymoon period, 249, 362
hormones, change and hypoglycemia, 55
Humalog insulin. See lispro insulin
•I•
humor, sense of, 310 ibuprofen, 87
hunger icons, used in book, 6
as hypoglycemia symptom, 56 identification, medical, 57
in type 1 diabetes, 32 Il Fornaio (restaurant), 344–348
hydrochlorothiazide, 48 imipramine, 87
hydrocortisone, 48, 49 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 41, 362
hyperbillrubinemia, 117 implanted penile prostheses, 105
hypercholesterolemia, 95 impotence, 102, 308, 362. See also erectile
hyperglycemia, 362 dysfunction (ED)
hyperinsulinemia, 362 incontinence, 262, 266
hyperlipidemia, 362 infants, diabetes in, 246
hyperosmolar syndrome, 42, 65–68, 362 infection
hypertension as cause of ketoacidosis, 62, 64
ACE inhibitors for, 78 in type 2 diabetes, 39–40
epidemic of, 146 influenza, 222
heart disease and, 91 Institute of Medicine, 182
kidney disease and, 75, 76 insulin
measuring blood pressure, 146 adjusting when traveling, 215–216
in metabolic syndrome, 92 as builder hormone, 23, 24
in pregnancy, 108 definition, 23, 363


insulin (continued) International Journal of Obesity, 152–153
elderly population and, 265–266 Internet resources
forms of, 209–210 Abbott Laboratories, 353
hypoglycemia from, 57–58 Activa Brand Products, 354
intensive treatment, 214–215 Alan L. Rubin, 349
for ketoacidosis treatment, 64 American Diabetes Association (ADA),
myths about use of, 307–308 250, 350, 358
oral agents combined with, 211 American Discovery Trail, 187
for prevention of diabetes American Foundation for the Blind (AFB),
development, 37 83, 356
quality of life, impact of treatment on, 17 animals with diabetes, 357
reaction, 363 Blind Net, 83
requirements in pregnancy, 107–108 Blindness Resource Center, 82, 356
storage and handling, 211 Canadian Diabetes Association, 352
strength, 209 Children with Diabetes, 259, 351
suppliers, 353–354 Diabetes Exercise and Sports Association,
use in pregnancy, 107–108 183
insulin aspart, 209 Diabetes Monitor, 351
insulin delivery diabetes products, 352–354
aids, 221–222 Dialogue magazine, 83
with a jet injection device, 217–218 diet and weight loss, 234–235
with a pen, 216–217 exercise programs, 235
pump, 218–221, 353, 363 exercise and sports associations, 354
with a syringe and needle, 212–214 foreign language information, 356
insulin-dependent diabetes, 32. See also Georgetown University Health Policy
type 1 diabetes Institute, 275
insulin glargine, 363 glucose meters, 352–353
insulin hypertrophy, of skin, 99 government, 355–356
insulin pump, 218–221, 353, 363 Guidedogs for the Blind, 83
insulin resistance Il Fornaio (restaurant), 345
definition, 363 insulin, 353
syndrome description, 92 insulin jet injection devices, 354
in type 2 diabetes, 41 insulin pumps, 353
insulin sensitivity, 46 insulin syringes, 354
insurance International Diabetes Federation, 352
health, 275–277, 309 Joslin Diabetes Center, 351
life, 278, 309 Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation,
long-term care, 277–278 351
myths about diabetes, 309 lancing devices, 353
intellectual function, evaluation of, 262 Medicalert Foundation, 57
intensive diabetes treatment, 363 Medscape Diabetes and Endocrinology
International Diabetes Federation (Web Home Page, 351
site), 352

Index 377
National Diabetes Education Initiative,
350 •K•
National Diabetes Education Program, Kaler, Santok (chef), 334
350 kcalories (kilocalories), 154
National Eating Disorders Association, ketoacidosis, 33, 62–65, 361
174 ketones
New York Institute for Special definition, 111, 149
Education, 83 link to congenital malformations, 111
New York Online Access to Health, 352 monitoring in pregnancy, 112–113
oral medications, 354 testing for, 149
overview, 234 urine (ketonuria), 247, 251, 363
President’s Challenge, 187 kidney disease. See also nephropathy
recipes, 357–358 description, 69–72
reputable, 235–236 early indications of, 73–74
Rick Mendosa, 350 prevention, 72–73
Transportation Security Administration treatment, 76–78
(TSA), 270 urinary tract infections and, 77
visually impaired sites, 356–357 kidney, progressive changes, 75–76
interstitial fluid, 133 kidney transplant, 78
intestinal abnormalities, 89 kilocalories, 154
intravenous pyelogram (IVP), 77 Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules, 75
iodine, 164 Ki-Sweet, 291
iron, 48, 163 Kussmaul breathing, 63
islet cell antibodies, 34
islet cells, 363. See also A (alpha) cells;
B (beta) cells •L•
Islets of Langerhans, 30 lactic acidosis, 199
isosorbide dinitrate, 87 lancet, 126–127, 353, 363
IVP (intravenous pyelogram), 77 Lancet, The, 282
Lantus, 363
•J• laser treatment, 363
lateral raise (exercise), 190–191
Jargon Alert icon, 6 law, workplace, 272–273
Jenny Craig (weight-loss system), 169 lazy left colon, 117
jet injection device, 217–218 LDL (low density lipoprotein), 144, 363
Joslin Diabetes Center (Web site), 351, 358 learning, lifelong, 301–302
Journal of the American Medical leg cramps, in hyperosmolar syndrome, 66
Association, 169, 281 lente insulin, 210, 363
juvenile diabetes mellitus, 363. See also libido, 266
type 1 diabetes life insurance, 278, 309
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation LifeScan
(JDRF), 351 One Touch blood glucose meters, 131
Web site, 353


light touch testing, for neuropathy, 85 medications. See also specific agents
lipid panel, 123, 144 compliance, 302
lipoatrophy, 363 drug interactions, 223–224
lipohypertrophy, 363 insulin, 209–222
lipoproteins, 143–144 knowledge concerning, 239–240
lispro insulin, 209, 362, 363 oral agents, 196–207
liver, release of glucose from, 31 pharmacist help with, 316
long-term care insurance, 277–278 suppliers, 354
Lorda, J. B. (restaurateur), 330 that don’t work, 288–291
low density lipoprotein (LDL), 144, 363 use in the elderly, 264–266
lubricants, 106 Medi-Jector Vision jet injection devices,
218
•M• Medscape Diabetes and Endocrinology
Home Page (Web site), 351
macroalbuminuria, 74 Medtronic MiniMed
macrosomia, 110, 112, 364 Paradigm 512, 221
macrovascular disease, 176, 364 Web site, 353
macula, 79 meglitinides, 204–205
macular degeneration, 266 Mendosa, Rick (Web site creator), 350
macular edema, 81 menopause, 106, 116
magnesium, 93, 117, 163 menstrual function, 105–106, 117
mannitol, 165 mental health worker, 233, 259
marijuana, 291–292 mesangial tissue, 75
MedFetch (Web site), 356 metabolic syndrome, 19–20, 92–94, 364
medical care metformin, 46, 198–200, 265
capitation method, 274 metocloprimide, 89
fee-for-service method, 274 Metrika, Inc. (A1c Now), 139
medical care providers Mexican Americans
diabetes educator, 232 diabetic kidney disease in, 73
diabetologist/endcrinologist, 229–230 diabetic retinopathy in, 81
dietitian, 231–232 gestational diabetes in, 115
family and friends, 233–234 Mexican Cooking For Dummies (Milliken
Internet, 234–236 and Feniger), 324
mental health worker, 233 microalbuminuria, 73, 74, 92, 141, 364
opthalmologist/optometrist, 230 microvascular complications, 364
pharmacist, 232–233 Miglitol, 201
podiatrist, 230–231 milk, 36, 61
primary physician, 228–229 Milliken, Mary Sue, 324
medical nutrition therapy, 264 Mina, Michael (chef), 319–320
medical underwriting, 275 minerals, 163–164
Medicalert Foundation, 57 minoxidil, 223
Medicare, 264, 268, 276, 277 miscarriage, 111

Index 379
mononeuropathy, 88 neuropathy
monounsaturated fat, 364 description, 83–85
morbid obesity, 44 diffuse and focal, 85
morbidity rate, 364 disorders of automatic nerves, 88–89
mortality rate, 364 disorders of movement, 88
multiculturalhealth.org (Web site), 356 disorders of sensation, 85–88
muscular endurance, exercise for, 184 exercise and, 185–186
eye disease and, 80
•N• kidney disease and, 76
risk factors, 84
nateglinide, 205, 265 New England Journal of Medicine, 15, 46,
National Diabetes Education Initiative 74, 145, 171, 222, 280, 283
(Web site), 350 New York Institute For Special
National Diabetes Education Program Education, 83
(Web site), 350 New York Online Access to Health (NOAH),
National Eating Disorders Association, 174 352, 358
National Federation of the Blind (Web site), niacin, 224
357 nicotinamide, 37
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive nicotinic acid, 224
and Kidney Disease (Web site), 355 no fat, in diet, 295
National Library of Medicine (Web site), noninsulin dependent diabetes, 38, 364.
355, 356 See also type 2 diabetes
National Weight Control Registry (NWCR), Novo Nordisk, 225, 353
169–170 NPH insulin, 364
Native Americans numbness, in type 2 diabetes, 40
diabetic kidney disease in, 73 Nutrition For Dummies (Rinzler), 114
gestational diabetes in, 109 NWCR (National Weight Control Registry),
nausea, in ketoacidosis, 63 169–170
NCV (nerve conduction velocity), 84
necrobiosis lipoidica, 99
needle guides, 222
•O•
neotame, 166 obesity
neovascularization, 364 body mass index (BMI), 43, 148
nephropathy, 70, 364. See also kidney in children, 255–257
disease defined, 26
exercise and, 178 as diabetes risk factors, 26
in pregnancy, 108 factors affecting, 152–153
nerve conduction velocity (NCV), 84 heart disease and, 91
neuroarthropathy, 86 incidence of, 152–153
neurogenic bladder, 77, 106 morbid, 44
neuroglycopenic symptoms, of peripheral vascular disease and, 95–96
hypoglycemia, 56 in pregnancy, 115
neuropathic ulcer, 364 surgery for, 170–171
type 2 diabetes and, 39–42, 106


olanzapine, 292 peripheral neuropathy, 365
One Touch blood glucose meters peripheral vascular disease (PVD), 95–96
(LifeScan), 131 peritoneal dialysis, 77–78
opthalmologist, 230, 364 Perkins, Sharon, 115
optic nerve, 79, 80 petdiabetes.org (Web site), 357
optometrist, 230 Pfizer Inc.
oral agents. See also specific agents Prescription Assistance program, 225
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, 201–202 Web site, 354
combining agents, 206–207 pharmacist, 232–233, 316
meglitinides, 204–205 phenformin, 199
metformin, 198–200 phenothiazines, 224
sulfonylureas, 196–198 phentolamine, 104
thiazolidinediones, 202–204 pheochromocytoma, 49
oral contraceptives, 224 pilot’s license, 54, 272
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, 22 pioglitazone, 203–204, 206–207, 365
orange juice, for hypoglycemia plasma glucose, 127
treatment, 61 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, 93
orgasm, 102 platelets, 96
Ortho-McNeil (Regranex Gel), 98 pneumonia, 223
ovaries, polycystic, 117–118 podiatrist, 230–231, 365
Owen Mumford (Web site), 353 polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS),
117–118
•P• polycythemia, 117
polydipsia, 365
pallor, as hypoglycemia symptom, 56 Polyol Pathway, 71
pancreas polyradiculopathy-diabetic amyotrophy, 87
anatomy and function, 30 polyunsaturated fat, 365
artificial, 359 polyuria, 365
definition, 365 positive thinking, 238
insulin, 30–31 postprandial, 365
removal of, 47–48 potassium
pancreas formula, 290 effect of ACE inhibitors on, 78
papaverine, 104 in hyperosmolar syndrome, 66, 68
parasympathetic nervous system, 102 loss with ketoacidosis, 63–64
patient stories, 27–28 pramlintide, 208
PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndome), Prandin, 204–205, 365
117–118 Precision blood glucose meters (Abbott
pediatrician, 259 Laboratories), 130
pedometer, 186 prediabetes, 19–21
pen, insulin, 216–217 prednisone, 37, 48
penis, 104, 266 pregestational diabetes, 47, 107
Perceived Exertion Scale, 181 pregnancy
periodontal disease, 365 baby’s health, 116–117
body’s reaction to, 107–108

Index 381
congenital malformations, 110–111, 114
delivery, 115 •R•
gestational diabetes, 108–110 radiculopathy-nerve root involvement,
health maintenance after, 115–116 87–88
insulin use, 107–108 reacting to diabetes diagnosis
macrosomia, 110–112, 114–116, 364 anger, 12–13
miscarriage, 111 bargaining for more time, 13
pregestational diabetes, 47, 111–112, 114 denial, 12
proactive measures, 108 moving on, 14
testing for fetal defects, 114 receptors, 365
treatment of diabetes during, 112–115 recipes
preschoolers, diabetes in, 246–248 Baked Apples, 326–327
President’s Challenge, 187 Bavarese Bianca Con Frutta (White
prevention, 36–38, 43–45, 60, 237–238, Gelatin with Fruit), 348
299–304 Chicken Soup with Watercress and Tofu,
priapism, 104 342
primary hyperaldosteronism, 49 Chicken Tikka Kabab (Barbecued Chicken
progesterone, 116 Kebab), 335
prolactin, 49, 102 Cinnamon-Brandy Chicken, 324–325
Prolactin Secreting Tumor of the Pituitary Green Rice Pilaf, 325
Gland, 49 Grilled Swordfish with Worcestershire
proliferative retinopathy, 81, 365 Vinaigrette and Roasted Vegetables,
propranalol, 78 322
prostheses, 105 internet resources, 357–358
protease inhibitors, 293 Lemon Braised Sea Bass with Star Anise
protein, 159–160, 365. See also albumin and Baby Spinach, 333
choice of sources, 159–160 Maniche Al Pollo (Elbow Pasta with
definition, 365 Chicken), 346
intake during pregnancy, 113 Marinated Chicken in Red Wine wih
proteinuria, 365 Braising Greens, Parsnips, and
psychiatrist, 233 Cippolini Onions, 330–331
psychogenic impotence, 102 Marinated Grilled Duck Breast, 321
psychologist, 233 Miso Marinated Sea Bass, 323
puberty, 254 Onion Pie with Roquefort and Walnuts,
pullovers (exercise), 192–193 332
pump, insulin, 218–221, 353, 363 Red Roasted Root Vegetables, 326
pupil abnormalities, 89 Rhubarb-Strawberry Cobbler, 340
PVD (peripheral vascular disease), 95–96 Risotto Ai Vegetali (Italian Rice with
Vegetables), 347
•Q• Romaine Hearts with Sourdough
Croutons and Parmesan Cheese, 337
quality of life, 15–18 Saag (spinach), 336
quetiapine (Seroquel), 293 Scallopine Al Funghi (Veal with
Mushrooms), 345


recipes (continued) Rezulin, 202, 365
Scallops with Barley, Wild Mushroom Rinzler, Carol Ann, Controlling Cholesterol
Ragout, and Chicken Stock reduction, For Dummies, 222
328 risperadone, 293
Seekh Kabab (Barbecued Lamb on Roche Diagnostics
Skewer), 334–335 Accu-Chek blood glucose meters, 131–132
Shiitake Mushrooms with Baby Bok Choy, Web site, 353
343 rosiglitazone, 202–203
Steamed Rock Cod, 344 roughage, 158
Steamed Whitefish with Haricotes Verts Rubin, Alan L.
and Potato-Apple-Celery Puree, 329 Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies,
Summer Minestrone, 338 232, 252, 314, 319
Sweet Pepper and Basil Frittata, 339 High Blood Pressure For Dummies, 222
Warm Asparagus and Morel Salad, Thyroid For Dummies, 258
320–321 Type 1 Diabetes For Dummies, 221, 245
Regranex Gel (Ortho-McNeil), 98 Web site, 349
regular insulin, 365
Rehabilitation Act (1973), 250
Remember icon, 6
•S•
repaglinide, 204–205 saccharin, 165
resources. See Internet resources salicylates, 59, 224
respiratory distress syndrome, 117 salindac, 87
restaurants Sanofi-Aventis Patient Assistance program,
Aqua, 319–323 225
Border Grill, 324–327 Sarti, Edmondo (chef), 345
Charlie Trotter’s, 327–329 saturated fat, 161, 366
Fringale, 330–333 Schlosberg, Suzanne, 182
Gaylord India Restaurant, 334–336 school issues, 250–251
Greens, 336–340 secondary diabetes, 366
Harbor Village, 341–344 Section 504 plan, 250–251
Il Fornaio, 344–348 See Your Doctor icon, 6
retina, 365 seizures, 117
retinal aneurysms, 81 sensation, loss of, 85–88
retinal detachment, 81, 82 sexual problems
retinal hemorrhages, 81 in the elderly, 266–267
retinopathy. See also eye disease female, 105–107
associated conditions, 81–82 male, 101–105
background, 81, 360 sharps container, 127
definition, 365 shoulder press (exercise), 189–190
description, 80 sick days, for children, 257–258
exercise and, 177 signs and symptoms, recognizing in
in pregnancy, 107 children, 247
proliferative, 81, 365 sildenafil (Viagra), 103–104
reversing diabetes, 299–304 skin disease, 98–99

Index 383
Slack, Warner V., Cybermedicine: How symptoms
Computing Empowers Doctors and diabetes, 24–25
Patients for Better Health Care, 288 hyperosmolar syndrome, 66
smoking and diabetes, 96, 263 hypoglycemia, 55–57
sodium, 66–68, 163 ketoacidosis, 63
SoftClix Lancet Device, 126 type 1 diabetes, 32–33
somatostatin, 30, 49 type 2 diabetes, 39–40
Somatostatin Secreting Tumor of the synthetic, 366
Pancreas, 49 syringes
Somerville, Annie (chef), 336 air bubbles in, 212
somogyi effect, 366 markings, 212
sorbitol, 71, 165 size of, 211
South Beach Diet, 169 suppliers, 354
standards of care, 312 systolic blood pressure, 146, 148
Starlix, 205, 366
starvation, 173
statins, 77, 93, 282–283
•T•
steroid drugs, 37 tadalafil, 104
stories, real patient, 27–28 Tamales World Tour (TV program), 324
stress management, 17 teenagers, with diabetes, 17, 253–254
stretching, 182 temperature testing, for neuropathy, 85
stroke, 94 testing. See also blood glucose monitoring;
sucralose, 166 specific tests
sucrose, 21 blood pressure, 146–147
sugar substitutes, 165–166 C-reactive protein, 149
sulfonylureas. See also specific drugs for diabetes, 22–23
acetohexamide, 197 for eye problems, 142
characteristics of, 196 for fetal defects, 114
chlorpropamide, 197 for foot problems, 142–143
definition, 366 hemoglobin A1c, 137–140
discovery of, 27 ketones, 149
first-generation, 196–197 weight and BMI, 148–149
glimepiride, 198 thiazide diuretics, 223
glipizide, 198 thiazolidediones, 93, 202–204
glyburide, 198 thirst, 24
hypoglycemia from, 58 3 Fat Chicks on a Diet Web site, 358
second-generation, 197–198 thyroid disease, 258
tolazamide, 197 Thyroid For Dummies (Rubin), 258
tolbutamide, 196–197 thyroid hormone, 224
summer camp, diabetes, 259 Tip icon, 6
surgery, for weight loss, 170–171, 257 toddler, with diabetes, 246–247
sweating problems, 56, 89, 97 tolazamide, 197
sweeteners, 165–166 tolbutamide, 196–197
sympathetic nervous system, 102 trans fatty acid, 161


transient ischemic attack (TIA), 96 exercise with, 180
transplant, kidney, 78 eye examination in, 80
Transportation Security Administration frequency of, 39
(TSA), 269–270 heart disease and, 92
traveling, with diabetes, 269–271 hypoglycemia in, 57
treatment. See also specific agents; ketoacidosis, 63
specific methods misconceptions of, 41–42
history of, 25–27 obesity and, 256–257
that does not work, 287–295 prevention, 43–45
triglycerides symptoms, 39–40
definition of, 366 testing, 125–126
kidney disease and, 73–74, 77 type 1 symptoms compared, 251–252
in metabolic syndrome, 92
rise from dietary carbohydrates, 158
troglitazone, 202
•U•
Trotter, Charlie (chef), 327 ulcer, foot, 83, 86, 98
TSA (Transportation Security ultralente insulin, 366
Administration), 269–270 ultrasound, 114–115
Two Hot Tamales (TV program), 324 United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes
type 1 diabetes Study, 147
age at diagnosis, 33 unsaturated fat, 161
blood glucose monitoring, 127 uremia, 75
causes, 34 urethra, 102
description, 32–33 urinary problems
diet, 231 in the elderly, 266–267
exercise with, 179–180 frequent urination, 24
frequency of eye examinations in, 86 urinary tract infections, 77, 88, 262
heart disease and, 91 urine
hypoglycemia in, 57 albumin, 71, 73–74, 76, 78
ketoacidosis, 63 glucose, 305
in pregnancy, 107–108 ketones, 247, 251, 363
prevention, 36–38
in primary school children, 248–251
school issues, 250–251
•V•
type 2 symptoms compared, 251–252 vaccinations, 36, 222–223
Type 1 Diabetes For Dummies (Rubin), vagina
221, 245 dryness, 105–107
type 2 diabetes infection, 25
blood glucose monitoring, 127 Vannais, Carol, 115
causes, 40–42 vardenafil, 104
in children, 245, 248, 251–253 Vegetarian Resource Group (Web site), 358
combining oral agents and insulin, 211 vertical banded gastroplasty, 170
description, 38–39 Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL),
diet, 231 144, 366

Index 385
Viagra (sildenafil), 103–104 Canadian Diabetes Association, 352
vibration testing, for neuropathy, 85 Centers for Disease Control, 355
viruses, link to diabetes, 33–36 Children with diabetes, 259, 351
visceral fat, 44, 366 DANA Diabecare USA, 353
vision, blurred, in type 2 diabetes, 24 Diabetes Action Network, 357
visual disorders, as hypoglycemia Diabetes Exercise and Sports Association,
symptom, 56 183
vitamins, 162–163 Diabetes Monitor, 351
vitiligo, 98 Dialogue magazine, 83
vitrectomy, 82, 366 Eli Lilly and Company, 225, 353, 354
vitreous body, 79 felinediabetes.com, 357
VLDL (Very Low Density Lipoprotein), Georgetown University Health Policy
144, 366 Institute, 275
vomiting, in ketoacidosis, 63 GlaxoSmithKline, 354
government, 355–356
•W• Guidedogs for the Blind, 83
Healthfinder, 355
Wai, Andy (chef), 341 Home Diagnostics, Inc., 353
walking, 186–188 Il Fornaio (restaurant), 345
Warning! icon, 6 International Diabetes Federation, 352
water, 164 Joslin Diabetes Center, 351, 358
water pills, 78, 172–173 LifeScan, 353
weakness MedFetch, 356
in hyperosmolar syndrome, 66 Medicalert Foundation, 57
in ketoacidosis, 63 Medscape Diabetes and Endocrinology
in type 1 diabetes, 32 Home Page, 351
Web sites. See also Internet resources Medtronic MiniMed, 353
Abbott Laboratories, 353 multiculturalhealth.org, 356
Activa Brand Products, 354 National Diabetes Education Initiative,
Alan L. Rubin, 349 350
American Diabetes Association (ADA), National Diabetes Education Program,
250, 350, 358 350
American Discovery Trail, 187 National Eating Disorders Association,
American Foundation for the Blind (AFB), 174
83, 356 National Federation of the Blind, 357
Animas, 353 National Institute of Diabetes and
Antares Pharma, 354 Digestive and Kidney Disease, 355
Aventis, 353, 354 National Library of Medicine, 355, 356
Bayer Healthcare LLC, 353 New York Institute For Special
Becton, Dickinson and Company, 354 Education, 83
Bioject Medical Technologies, Inc., 354 Owen Mumford, 353
Blind Net, 83 petdiabetes.org, 357
Blindness Resource Center, 82, 356 Pfizer Inc., 354
Bristol-Myers Squibb, 354 President’s Challenge, 187


Web sites (continued) flys, 192–193
Roche Diagnostics, 353 good morning, 190–191
3 Fat Chicks on a Diet, 358 lateral raise, 190
Transportation Security Administration pullovers, 192–193
(TSA), 270 shoulder press, 189–190
Vegetarian Resource Group, 358 weight lifting compared, 188
weight Weight Watchers, 169
body mass index (BMI), 43, 147–148, 360
checking, 147–148
loss, as diabetes symptom, 24, 32
•X•
in pregnancy, 115 xanthelasma, 99
weight reduction xylitol, 165
behavior modification, 171–172
benefits of, 152
diets, 168–170
•Y•
exercise and, 168 yeast infections, 40, 105
help from food partners, 313–314
surgery for, 170–171
weight training •Z•
benefits, 188 ziprasidone, 293
bent-over rowing, 190–191
biceps curl, 189

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