2. “ Art is the product of an etiquette, and to neglect its framework of intellectual manner, and reduce it to its physical data is an act of barbarism, like using a prayer shawl for a cleaning rag. [...] As a sculpture, a painted plank is not only its material substance but the crystallization of a moment in the continuous debate on the nature of art – an intellectual element missing from planks in lumberyards. Injected into this discourse, the plank, or one of Christo’s packages, becomes an item of our aesthetic culture, though not necessarily a profound or desirable item.” Rosenberg H. (1972) The De-definition of Art: Action Art to Pop to Earthworks , London: Secker & Warburg

3. ...Art creates ambiguous zones of slippage, used to restructure and rethink... Stelarc

4. “ [we] should consider [...] viewing games as spatial art with its roots in architecture, landscape painting, sculpture, gardening or amusement-park design” Jenkins H. And Squire K. (2002) The Art of Contested Spaces Game On Exhibition Catalogue, Laurence King London “ Video games are a new art form. That is one reason why now is the right time for game studies” Gee, J. P. (2006) Why Game Studies Now? Video Games: A New Art Form Games and Culture, Volume 1 Number 1, http://games.sagepub.com

5. “ Videogame criticism (whether from a background in ludology or naratology) has tended to concentrate on the mechanics of the videogame, rather than its aesthetics. As a result the theoretical discussion has tended to revolve around how these factors contribute (positively or negatively) to the gameplay and/or the narrative of the game, rather than as qualities to be assessed and/or appreciated on their own terms. While this is a valid theoretical approach to take, implicit in this type of analysis is the assumption – whether made consciously or not – that what is being looked at is game design , rather than game aesthetics. In other words, it is game craft rather than game art. ” Mitchell B. & Clarke A. (2007) Introduction in Videogames and Art , London: Intellect Ltd. “ Every time a new technology provides a fresh medium in the art world it is met with a lack of respect, indifference , or indignation, and must go through an acceptance process by the art world.” Martin B. (2007) Should Videogames be Viewed as Art in Videogames and Art , London: Intellect Ltd.

6. “ Every time a new technology provides a fresh medium in the art world it is met with a lack of respect, indifference , or indignation, and must go through an acceptance process by the art world.” Martin B. (2007) Should Videogames be Viewed as Art in Videogames and Art , London: Intellect Ltd.

7. In his essay From Appropriation to Approximation Axel Stockburger outlines 3 major ways that artists use video games in their artistic practice

8. He outlines these three “modes of relation” as “ Appropriation of elements from the audio-visual apparatus of computer games and their transportation into the art context” “ The artist is changing a functional or aesthetic element in an existing game” “ The production of unique and original games” Stockburger, A. (2007). From Appropriation to Approximation in Videogames and Art , Intellect Books UK

9. Appropriation Condon B. Suicide Solution, 2004 DVD Documentation of In-Game Performance (19 min) Edition of 10+AP

10. Appropriation Maneta M. SuperMario Sleeping, 1997 60 min loop, colour, sound, exhibition format DVD and web-stream (cc) Available at http://supermariosleeping.com/

11. Modification Condon B. Adam Killer, 1999-2001 game modification (Half-Life) DVD documentation of performance 7 min

12. Modification Eckermann S. & Fuchs M. Expositur 2001 game modification (UnReal) Installation

13. Modification JODI Max Payne Cheats 2006 game modification (Max Payne) http://maxpaynecheatsonly.jodi.org/

14. Production Mongrel: Richard Pierre-Davis Blacklash 1998 http://naturalselection.mongrel.org.uk/BlackLash/

15. Production Amanita Design Samorost 1 2005 http://amanita-design.net/samorost-1/

16. Production Mateas M.and Stern A. Façade 2005 http://www.interactivestory.net/

17. Production JFK Reloaded Traffic Software 2004 http://www.freedownloads.be/downloaddetail/821-JFK-reloaded

18. So where does that leave us? Are videogames Art, Design, Craft?