This document discusses eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and compulsive overeating disorder. It describes the behaviors, causes, and health risks associated with each disorder. Anorexia involves self-starvation and intense fear of gaining weight. Bulimia involves binge eating followed by purging. Compulsive overeating uses food to cope with emotions. Treatment involves medical supervision, nutrition counseling, and therapy to address body image issues and disordered eating patterns. Famous people who died from eating disorders include Karen Carpenter and Ana Carolina Reston. Celebrities who have suffered from eating disorders include Felicity Huffman, Paula Abdul, Wynonna Judd, and Oprah Winfrey

2. Eating disorders
By Alisha Dias

3. What Is a Eating Disorder?
An Eating Disorder is a compulsion to eat, or avoid
eating, that negatively affects both one's physical and
mental health.

4. Types of eating disorders
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Compulsive over eating disorder

5. Anorexia Nervosa

6. It is defined as a psychosomatic
disease that generates dramatic
weight loss caused by self-
induced starvation.

7. Behavioral signs can be :
Obsessive exercise
Calorie and fat gram counting
Starvation and restriction of food
Self-induced vomiting
The use of diet pills, laxatives or diuretics to
attempt controlling weight
Be depressed, lethargic, and feel cold a lot
And a persistent concern with body image.

8. DSM-IV characterizes anorexia nervosa
as:
An abnormally low body weight (the
suggested guideline ≤ 85% of normal for
age and height, or BMI ≤ 17.5).
The absence of three consecutive menstrual
cycles.
An intense fear gaining weight or becoming
fat and a preoccupation with body weight
and shape.

9. Cause
Anorexics set unattainable standards of
performance for themselves.
When they fail to meet these standards, they
look for a part of their lives they can control;
Food and Weight become that “Control” for
them.
Low self-esteem and constant self-criticism cause
anorexics to constantly fear losing control, and
even consuming a small amount of food could
be considered a loss of control.

11. Bulimia Nervosa

12. Bulimia Nervosa
It is a cyclical and recurring pattern of
binge eating followed by guilt, self-
accusation and over compensatory
behavior such as crash dieting, over
exercising and purging to compensate
for the excessive caloric intake.

13. Behavioral signs can be:
Recurring episodes of rapid food consumption followed by
tremendous guilt and purging (laxatives or self-induced
vomiting).
A feeling of lacking control over his or her eating behaviors.
Regularly engaging in stringent diet plans and exercise.
The misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or diet pills.
A persistent concern with body image.
Withdraw from social activities, especially meals and
celebrations involving food
Make excuses to go to the bathroom immediately after
meals.
Hiding food in strange places (closets, cabinets, suitcases,
under the bed) to eat at a later time.

14. Cause
They feel overwhelmed in coping with their
emotions.
In order to punish themselves for something they
feel they should unrealistically blame themselves
for.
This can be in direct relation to how they feel
about themselves, or how they feel over a
particular event or series of events in their lives.

15. Compulsive Over
Eating Disorder

16. It is characterized as an "addiction"
to food.
Food is eaten as a way to hide from
their emotions, to fill a void they
feel inside, and to cope with daily
stresses and problems in their lives.

17. Behavioral Signs
Fear of not being able to control eating, and while
eating, not being able to stop.
Holding the belief that food is their only friend.
Frequently out of breath after relatively light
activities.
Excessive sweating and shortness of breath.
Leg and joint pain.
Weight gain.
Decreased mobility due to weight gain.
Loss of sexual desire.
Mood swings, Depression, Fatigue.
Insomnia, Poor Sleeping Habits.

18. Health Risk
Heart attack
High blood-pressure and
cholesterol
Kidney disease and/or failure
Arthritis and bone deterioration
Stroke.

19. Treating Eating Disorders
Help them cope with their disordered eating
behaviors.
Help them to establish new patterns of
thinking about and approaching food.
This can involve medical supervision,
nutritional counseling, and therapy.
The professionals will address a child's
perception about his or her body size, shape,
eating, and food.

20. Famous people who have DIED
from Anorexia Nervosa
Karen Carpenter (musician)
Went on a water diet to lose weight
and, as she put it, to appear more
attractive. Continued to diet even
after losing 9kgs, until her death at
the age of 32. She died of cardiac
arrest and weighed only 36kgs
Ana Carolina Reston
Brazilian model, starved herself to
death in November2006.

21. Celebrities who have suffered of
Bulimia Nervosa
Felicity Huffman
Actress (Desperate Housewives)
battled both bulimia and anorexia
from her teens into her 20s.
Paula Abdul
Dancer, choreograph and singer
(American Idol Judge) battled
bulimia, with compulsive over-
exercise and decided to check
herself in a clinic, back in 1994.

22. Celebrities with Compulsive Over
Eating Disorders.
Wynonna Judd
The Country singer had admitted to have
been struggling with compulsive over-
eating. She has been through
rehabilitation, but continues to have
problems with her weight.
Oprah Winfrey (T.V Host)
Was raped at the age of nine by her
nineteen year old cousin and repeatedly
sexually abused, struggled with
compulsive eating. Oprah, who said
about her weight "It's always a struggle.
I've felt safer and more protected when
I was heavy. Food has always been
comforting.”

23. Thank you
Alisha Dias (T.Y. B.sc H.D)