This is the 13th PPT for the History of English course. This covers the pages 158 - 163 of the Middle English chapter. Thank you for the presenters for their efforts.

1. Middle Englsih
158-163

2. Adjectives : comparative and
superlative forms
- In the general leveling to e of unstressed vowels,
the Old English comparative ending -re , later -er ,
and the superlative suffixes -ost and -est fell
together as -est.
- for example : swēte , swetter , swettest .

3. Verbs :
- Verbs continued to conform to the
Germanic division into strong and weak.
- In strong verbs of the first class , the vowel
gradation ( rīde , rōd , riden , ride )
Examples of the other classes :
2. crēpen , crēp , crupen , crōpen.
3.helpen , halp , hulpen , holpen.
4.tēren , tar tēren , toren.
5.mēten , mat , mēten , mēten.

4. 6. fāren , fōr , fōren , fāren.
7. fallen , fēl , fēlen , fallen.
- there were far more weak verbs than strong
verbs. Consequently, the weak-ed ending for
present and past participial came to be used
with many originally strong verbs.

5. The Personal Endings :
- ( find , found , found )
- In Old English :
An example : findan , foundon , funden .
- In Middle English :
An example : finden , founden , founden .
- the verbs been “ to be “ ( OE bēon ),
doon “ to do “ ( OE dōn ) remained highly
irregular in Middle English.

6. Participles :
- the endings of the present participle varied from
dialect to dialect .
Word Order :
- the prose of the Middle English period has much
the same word as Modern English prose.
sometime a pronoun as object might precede the
verb.
- In subordinate clauses nouns used as objects
might also precede verbs .

7. thank you
عمل الطلا ب :
1. حمد م
ال شهر ي .
2. مع ت ر ح ي الراج .
3. حمد م
ا بو ع با ة .
4. ع بدالرحم ن ال شهر ي .
5. سعود ال رزو ق .
6. م شاز ي اله را ي .