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Nations Vital Security  &  The Life Line For Renewable Energy Technologies     Dr. Najib Altawell   [email_address] CEPMLP University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK   20 October 2011 Energy Storage
Agenda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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The Five Dimensions
Energy Storage When?
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The Sixth Dimension
Source: Bulk Energy Storage (BESO)  http://www.saltcavernstorage.com/images/stories/1.pdf Image source:  http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2001/ph162/l10h.html
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Summary
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Energy storage systems and typical applications NAS = sodium sulfur; SMES = superconducting magnetic energy storage; UPS = uninterruptible power supply Source: Gyuk 2002   Gyuk, I. (2002), “Energy Storage: A Distributed Energy Resource,” U.S. Department of Energy
[object Object],Grid Energy Storage  (Large-scale energy storage – grid e.g.  8MW/32MWh ) Large transportable  (e.g.  2MW/500kWh units ) Community Energy Storage   (e.g. 25 to 50kW & 50 to 100kWh units) Home Energy Storage Unit   (e.g. 4kW/10kWh)   Expensive High maintenance cost Limited life-spans  (Crystals forming during the charge and discharge cycles) 1
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Li-air batteries  ( Li-Ion) REDOX (reduction-oxidation)   Image source: Metaefficient Image Source: Argonne, USDE
Sodium–Sulfur Battery  (NaS)  Image source:  NGK Insulators Ltd.
Types Alkaline dry cells Mercury cells Silver oxide primary cells Lead-acid battery Nickel-iron battery (Alkaline cell) Cadmium battery (Nickel-cadmium cell) Lithium-ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-ion batteries) Nanowire lithium-ion battery Ultra capacitor Sodium-sulfur (NaS) battery L argest rechargeable battery 1,300 tons Power for 7 minutes to 12,000 homes
Electric Vehicles   2 Image Source:  http://evworld.com/article.cfm?storyid=1212
Compressed Air   3 Mechanical Storage Image Source: Sandia National Laboratories
[object Object],Flywheel 4 Mechanical Storage
[object Object],Hydrogen   Hydrogen Fuel Cycle 5
Source:   http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2001/ph162/l10h.html
[object Object],Pumped water 6 Mechanical Storage
Hydroelectric dam up-rating   7
[object Object],Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) 8
[object Object],Thermal   Ice or cool fluid used to reduce electricity demand 9
Molten Salt  10 Image source/cited:  http://www.greentechmedia.com/green-light/post/real-solar-thermal-at-intersolar-383/
Molten Salt  10 Source: United Technologies
Source: www.storagealliance.org Capacity
New Approaches
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Nanotubes Springs   Carbon Nanotubes   compete with batteries for energy storage
Energy Stored within the internal space of matter   e.g. Papers, clothes
Earth Spin Generator
Combining two (or more) of the established energy storage systems, i.e. creating a hybrid energy storage system A. Possible Approach
Recycling energy output Light Lifts Movement B. Possible Approach
C. Possible Approach Forced arrangement of molecular structures -within the same matter or from two different substances-
D. Possible Approach Using the sea water movement resulted from the gravitational force of the moon
E. Possible Approach Using falling rain water
F. Possible Approach Designing efficient commercially viable photo-synthesis machine
Storing Energy (molecular level) 1. Selecting a suitable substance  2. Creating identical copy of the internal structure via software simulation 3. Experimenting (molecular scale) using the above software 4. Replicating the same experiment on the actual sample (nano-scale) Two Methodologies
Market &  Finance
Is it the righ t   time to invest   in Energy  Storage?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thank you for listening.

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Energy Storage: Nations Vital Security And The Life Line For Renewable Energy Technologies

  • 1. Nations Vital Security & The Life Line For Renewable Energy Technologies Dr. Najib Altawell [email_address] CEPMLP University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK 20 October 2011 Energy Storage
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  • 8. Source: Bulk Energy Storage (BESO) http://www.saltcavernstorage.com/images/stories/1.pdf Image source: http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2001/ph162/l10h.html
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  • 14. Energy storage systems and typical applications NAS = sodium sulfur; SMES = superconducting magnetic energy storage; UPS = uninterruptible power supply Source: Gyuk 2002 Gyuk, I. (2002), “Energy Storage: A Distributed Energy Resource,” U.S. Department of Energy
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  • 18. Sodium–Sulfur Battery (NaS)  Image source: NGK Insulators Ltd.
  • 19. Types Alkaline dry cells Mercury cells Silver oxide primary cells Lead-acid battery Nickel-iron battery (Alkaline cell) Cadmium battery (Nickel-cadmium cell) Lithium-ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-ion batteries) Nanowire lithium-ion battery Ultra capacitor Sodium-sulfur (NaS) battery L argest rechargeable battery 1,300 tons Power for 7 minutes to 12,000 homes
  • 20. Electric Vehicles 2 Image Source: http://evworld.com/article.cfm?storyid=1212
  • 21. Compressed Air 3 Mechanical Storage Image Source: Sandia National Laboratories
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  • 24. Source: http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2001/ph162/l10h.html
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  • 29. Molten Salt 10 Image source/cited: http://www.greentechmedia.com/green-light/post/real-solar-thermal-at-intersolar-383/
  • 30. Molten Salt 10 Source: United Technologies
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  • 35. Energy Stored within the internal space of matter e.g. Papers, clothes
  • 37. Combining two (or more) of the established energy storage systems, i.e. creating a hybrid energy storage system A. Possible Approach
  • 38. Recycling energy output Light Lifts Movement B. Possible Approach
  • 39. C. Possible Approach Forced arrangement of molecular structures -within the same matter or from two different substances-
  • 40. D. Possible Approach Using the sea water movement resulted from the gravitational force of the moon
  • 41. E. Possible Approach Using falling rain water
  • 42. F. Possible Approach Designing efficient commercially viable photo-synthesis machine
  • 43. Storing Energy (molecular level) 1. Selecting a suitable substance 2. Creating identical copy of the internal structure via software simulation 3. Experimenting (molecular scale) using the above software 4. Replicating the same experiment on the actual sample (nano-scale) Two Methodologies
  • 44. Market & Finance
  • 45. Is it the righ t time to invest in Energy Storage?
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  • 47. Thank you for listening.