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Assignment 1
The Nation Report



    Argentina




     Arash Saysan
Geography 1:
• The total surface area (excluding the
  Antarctic claim) is 2,766,891 km2
  (1,068,303 sq mi), of which 30,200 km2
  (11,700 sq mi) (1.1%) is water
• There are four major regions: the fertile
  central plains of the Pampas, source of
  Argentina's agricultural wealth; the flat to
  rolling, oil-rich southern plateau of
  Patagonia including Tierra del Fuego; the
  subtropical northern flats of the Gran
  Chaco, and the rugged Andes mountain
  range along the western border with
  Chile.
Geography 2:
•   The major rivers are the Paraná
    (the largest), the Pilcomayo,
    Paraguay, Bermejo, Colorado, Río
    Negro, Salado and the Uruguay.
•   Regionally important rivers are the
    Atuel and Mendoza in the
    homonymous province, the
    Chubut in Patagonia, the Río
    Grande in Jujuy and the San
    Francisco River in Salta.
•   The highest point above sea level
    is in Mendoza province at Cerro
    Aconcagua (6,962 m (22,841 ft))
•   The lowest point is Laguna del
    Carbón in Santa Cruz province, -
    105 m (−344 ft) below sea level,
    the lowest point in South America.
People 1:
•   The census of 2001 counted a
    population of 36,260,130, and the
    estimate for 2008 was 40,482,000.
    Argentina ranks third in South America
    in total population and 30th globally.
    Argentina's population density is 15
    persons per square kilometer of land
    area, well below the world average of
    50 persons. The population is
    unevenly distributed: the city of
    Buenos Aires has a population density
    of over 14,000 inhab./km², while Santa
    Cruz province has fewer than 1
    inhab./km². Benefiting from a
    moderate birth rate since the
    1930s,[34] Argentina is the only nation
    in Latin America with a net positive
    migration rate: about 4 net immigrants
    per 10,000 locals, yearly.
People 2:
•   Argentina is considered a country of immigrants.

•   Most Argentines are descended from colonial-era
    settlers and of the 19th and 20th century immigrants
    from Europe, and 86.4% of Argentina's population self-
    identify as European descent An estimated 8% of the
    population is mestizo. A further 4% of Argentines were
    of Arab or East Asian heritage. In the last national
    census, based on self-identification, 600,000
    Argentines (1.6%) declared to be Amerindians.
•   The majority of these European immigrants came from
    Italy and Spain.
•   The first Asian-Argentines were of Japanese descent;
    Koreans, Vietnamese and Chinese followed. Today,
    Chinese are the fastest growing community and over
    70,000 Chinese-born live in the largest Argentine
    cities.
Culture 1:
•   Argentine culture has significant European
    influences. Buenos Aires, considered by many
    its cultural capital, is often said to be the most
    European city in South America, as a result
    both of the prevalence of people of European
    descent and of conscious imitation of European
    styles in architecture. The other big influence is
    the gauchos and their traditional country
    lifestyle of self-reliance. Finally, indigenous
    American traditions (like yerba mate infusions)
    have been absorbed into the general cultural
    milieu.
•   Numerous Argentine architects have enriched
    their own country's cityscapes and, in recent
    decades, those around the world.
•   One of the most influential Argentine figures in
    fine arts was Xul Solar, whose surrealist work
    used watercolors as readily as unorthodox
    painting media; he also "invented" two
    imaginary languages.
•   Combination of Art Nouveau with Italianate
    styles.
Culture 2:
•   Besides many of the pasta, sausage and dessert
    dishes common to continental Europe, Argentines enjoy
    a wide variety of indigenous creations, which include
    empanadas (a stuffed pastry), locro (a mixture of corn,
    beans, meat, bacon, onion, and gourd), humitas and
    yerba mate, all originally indigenous Amerindian
    staples, the latter considered Argentina's national
    beverage. Other popular items include chorizo (a spicy
    sausage), facturas (Viennese-style pastry) and Dulce
    de Leche.
•   The official national sport of Argentina is pato, played
    with a six-handle ball on horseback, but the most
    popular sport is association football. The national
    football team has won 25 major international titles
    including two FIFA World Cups, two Olympic gold
    medals and fourteen Copa Américas. Over one
    thousand Argentine players play abroad, the majority of
    them in European football leagues. There are 331,811
    registered football players, with increasing numbers of
    girls and women, who have organized their own
    national championships since 1991 and were South
    American champions in 2006.
History 1:
•   The earliest evidence of humans in
    Argentina is in Patagonia (Piedra Museo,
    Santa Cruz) and dates from 11,000 BC
    (Santa María, Huarpes, Diaguitas and
    Sanavirones, among others). The Inca
    Empire under King Pachacutec invaded
    and conquered present-day northwestern
    Argentina in 1480, integrating it into a
    region called Collasuyu; the Guaraní
    developed a culture based on yuca, sweet
    potato and yerba mate. The central and
    southern areas (Pampas and Patagonia)
    were dominated by nomadic cultures,
    unified in the 17th century by the
    Mapuches.[citation needed]
•   European explorers arrived in 1516. Spain
    established the Viceroyalty of Peru in 1542
    encompassing all its holdings in South
    America, and established a permanent
    colony at Buenos Aires in 1580 as part of
    the dependency of Río de la Plata. In 1776
    this dependency was elevated to a
    viceroyalty which shifted trade from Lima
    to Buenos Aires.
History 2:
•   A wave of foreign investment and immigration
    from Europe after 1870 led to the development
    of modern agriculture and to a near-reinvention
    of Argentine society and the economy and the
    strengthening of a cohesive state. The rule of
    law was consolidated in large measure by
    Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield, whose 1860
    Commercial Code and 1869 Civil Code laid the
    foundation for Argentina's statutory laws.
    General Julio Argentino Roca's military
    campaign in the 1870's established Argentine
    dominance over the southern Pampas and
    Patagonia, subdued the remaining indigenous
    peoples and left 1,300 indigenous dead. Some
    contemporary sources indicate that it was
    campaign of genocide by the Argentine
    government.
•   In 1946, General Juan Perón was elected
    president, creating a political movement
    referred to as "Peronism".
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina

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Assignment 1 Nation Report

  • 1. Assignment 1 The Nation Report Argentina Arash Saysan
  • 2. Geography 1: • The total surface area (excluding the Antarctic claim) is 2,766,891 km2 (1,068,303 sq mi), of which 30,200 km2 (11,700 sq mi) (1.1%) is water • There are four major regions: the fertile central plains of the Pampas, source of Argentina's agricultural wealth; the flat to rolling, oil-rich southern plateau of Patagonia including Tierra del Fuego; the subtropical northern flats of the Gran Chaco, and the rugged Andes mountain range along the western border with Chile.
  • 3. Geography 2: • The major rivers are the Paraná (the largest), the Pilcomayo, Paraguay, Bermejo, Colorado, Río Negro, Salado and the Uruguay. • Regionally important rivers are the Atuel and Mendoza in the homonymous province, the Chubut in Patagonia, the Río Grande in Jujuy and the San Francisco River in Salta. • The highest point above sea level is in Mendoza province at Cerro Aconcagua (6,962 m (22,841 ft)) • The lowest point is Laguna del Carbón in Santa Cruz province, - 105 m (−344 ft) below sea level, the lowest point in South America.
  • 4. People 1: • The census of 2001 counted a population of 36,260,130, and the estimate for 2008 was 40,482,000. Argentina ranks third in South America in total population and 30th globally. Argentina's population density is 15 persons per square kilometer of land area, well below the world average of 50 persons. The population is unevenly distributed: the city of Buenos Aires has a population density of over 14,000 inhab./km², while Santa Cruz province has fewer than 1 inhab./km². Benefiting from a moderate birth rate since the 1930s,[34] Argentina is the only nation in Latin America with a net positive migration rate: about 4 net immigrants per 10,000 locals, yearly.
  • 5. People 2: • Argentina is considered a country of immigrants. • Most Argentines are descended from colonial-era settlers and of the 19th and 20th century immigrants from Europe, and 86.4% of Argentina's population self- identify as European descent An estimated 8% of the population is mestizo. A further 4% of Argentines were of Arab or East Asian heritage. In the last national census, based on self-identification, 600,000 Argentines (1.6%) declared to be Amerindians. • The majority of these European immigrants came from Italy and Spain. • The first Asian-Argentines were of Japanese descent; Koreans, Vietnamese and Chinese followed. Today, Chinese are the fastest growing community and over 70,000 Chinese-born live in the largest Argentine cities.
  • 6. Culture 1: • Argentine culture has significant European influences. Buenos Aires, considered by many its cultural capital, is often said to be the most European city in South America, as a result both of the prevalence of people of European descent and of conscious imitation of European styles in architecture. The other big influence is the gauchos and their traditional country lifestyle of self-reliance. Finally, indigenous American traditions (like yerba mate infusions) have been absorbed into the general cultural milieu. • Numerous Argentine architects have enriched their own country's cityscapes and, in recent decades, those around the world. • One of the most influential Argentine figures in fine arts was Xul Solar, whose surrealist work used watercolors as readily as unorthodox painting media; he also "invented" two imaginary languages. • Combination of Art Nouveau with Italianate styles.
  • 7. Culture 2: • Besides many of the pasta, sausage and dessert dishes common to continental Europe, Argentines enjoy a wide variety of indigenous creations, which include empanadas (a stuffed pastry), locro (a mixture of corn, beans, meat, bacon, onion, and gourd), humitas and yerba mate, all originally indigenous Amerindian staples, the latter considered Argentina's national beverage. Other popular items include chorizo (a spicy sausage), facturas (Viennese-style pastry) and Dulce de Leche. • The official national sport of Argentina is pato, played with a six-handle ball on horseback, but the most popular sport is association football. The national football team has won 25 major international titles including two FIFA World Cups, two Olympic gold medals and fourteen Copa Américas. Over one thousand Argentine players play abroad, the majority of them in European football leagues. There are 331,811 registered football players, with increasing numbers of girls and women, who have organized their own national championships since 1991 and were South American champions in 2006.
  • 8. History 1: • The earliest evidence of humans in Argentina is in Patagonia (Piedra Museo, Santa Cruz) and dates from 11,000 BC (Santa María, Huarpes, Diaguitas and Sanavirones, among others). The Inca Empire under King Pachacutec invaded and conquered present-day northwestern Argentina in 1480, integrating it into a region called Collasuyu; the Guaraní developed a culture based on yuca, sweet potato and yerba mate. The central and southern areas (Pampas and Patagonia) were dominated by nomadic cultures, unified in the 17th century by the Mapuches.[citation needed] • European explorers arrived in 1516. Spain established the Viceroyalty of Peru in 1542 encompassing all its holdings in South America, and established a permanent colony at Buenos Aires in 1580 as part of the dependency of Río de la Plata. In 1776 this dependency was elevated to a viceroyalty which shifted trade from Lima to Buenos Aires.
  • 9. History 2: • A wave of foreign investment and immigration from Europe after 1870 led to the development of modern agriculture and to a near-reinvention of Argentine society and the economy and the strengthening of a cohesive state. The rule of law was consolidated in large measure by Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield, whose 1860 Commercial Code and 1869 Civil Code laid the foundation for Argentina's statutory laws. General Julio Argentino Roca's military campaign in the 1870's established Argentine dominance over the southern Pampas and Patagonia, subdued the remaining indigenous peoples and left 1,300 indigenous dead. Some contemporary sources indicate that it was campaign of genocide by the Argentine government. • In 1946, General Juan Perón was elected president, creating a political movement referred to as "Peronism".