Domain

1. What domain?
a domain refers to a grouping of computers, users, and resources that are managed
collectively as a single entity.
 A domain is created and controlled by a domain controller, which is typically a server
running Windows Server operating system.
Concept Domain in Active Directory:
 Organizational Unit: A domain in Active Directory serves as an organizational unit that groups and organizes resources, such as user
accounts, computer accounts, and group policies. It provides a logical boundary for managing and securing these resources within a
network environment.
 Security and Authentication: A domain provides a centralized security and authentication mechanism in Active Directory. It enables
administrators to define and enforce security policies, manage user access permissions, and authenticate users to access network
resources. Users within a domain can log in with their domain credentials, which are verified by the domain controller.
 Trust Relationships: Domains can establish trust relationships with other domains in Active Directory. Trust relationships allow
users from one domain to access resources in another domain. Trusts can be one-way or two-way and can be transitive or non-
transitive, depending on the specific requirements of resource sharing and collaboration across domains.

2. Active directory tools
Main active directory tools
1. Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC):
 ADUC is a graphical management tool that allows administrators to manage user accounts, groups, and organizational units (OUs)
within Active Directory.
 It provides a user-friendly interface for creating, modifying, and deleting user accounts,
as well as managing group memberships and organizational structure
2. Active Directory Administrator Center(ADAC):
 ADAC is an enhanced management tool introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2.
 It provides a more modern and streamlined interface for managing Active Directory objects, including users, groups, computers, and
OUs.
 ADAC offers advanced features such as built-in PowerShell integration and delegated administration capabilities.

3. Cont….
3. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP):
 LDAP is a protocol used by Active Directory to access and manage directory information.
 It provides a standardized method for querying and modifying directory data, such as user accounts, groups,
and organizational units.
 LDAP enables integration with various applications and services that support directory services.
4.Active Directory Service Interface Editor(ADSI)
ADSI Edit is a powerful tool used by experienced administrators to directly access and modify the attributes of objects in Active
Directory.
It provides a granular view of the directory structure and allows for low-level administration tasks that are not available in standard
tools. With ADSI Edit, administrators can manage the schema, troubleshoot complex issues, and make advanced configurations.
However, caution is advised as incorrect modifications can have serious consequences. It is a tool used by experts for specific
administrative needs in Active Directory environments.

4. CONT…
Active Directory PowerShell Module:
 PowerShell is a powerful command-line scripting environment, and the Active Directory PowerShell module
provides cmdlets specifically designed for managing Active Directory.
 It allows administrators to automate administrative tasks, perform bulk operations, and access advanced
functionality not available through graphical tools.