1. Astronomy The Stars Star cluster NGC 457, the Owl Cluster, in the constellation of Cassiopeia http://www.buytelescopes.com/gallery/view_photo.asp?pid=10298&sg=9&page=3

4. Parallax Animation http://www.astro.washington.edu/labs/parallax/solar.html Cool parallax demo:

8. Visual Spectrum

12. Three Types of Spectra Solid array of rainbow colors Mostly dark with a few brightly colored lines Mostly continuous but with a few missing dark lines

15. Spectroscope

24. Emission Spectrum of an Element By analyzing the light of a burning element in the laboratory, its unique bright spectral lines can be observed and recorded

29. Stellar Spectra Spectral Classes Cooler stars display more absorption lines

31. Fraunhofer Lines Some of Fraunhofer’s original drawings of the sun’s spectrum

32. Stellar Elements Comparison of the sun’s absorption spectrum with the emission spectrum of iron allows the identification of iron in the sun’s outer atmosphere

35. Politically Incorrect

38. Star Colors: Big & Little Dippers Where is Polaris?

40. Andromeda www.scienceandart.com Galaxy (M31) The Andromeda Galaxy is visible to the naked eye—at 2.3 million light years it is the most distant object visible to the naked eye

46. Stars emit light that is close to an ideal blackbody. We can estimate the surface temperature of a star by examining the intensity of emitted light across a wide range of wavelengths.

54. Doppler Shift of Sound S = A moving source of sound such as a train whistle Observer 2 hears a higher pitch whistle, and the pitch drops suddenly when the source passes Observer 1 hears a lower pitch whistle than observe 2 For observer 2, the waves are pushed together

60. Big Dipper Proper Motion

62. 61 Cygni Proper Motion http://www.almanak.hi.is/61cygni.html

73. Comparisons Star App Mag Abs Mag Spectral Class Parallax Alpha Centauri -0.3 4.1 G 0.750” Thuban 4.7 5.9 K 0.176” Barnard’s Star 9.5 13.2 M 0.545” Altair 0.8 2.3 A 0.202”

78. H-R Diagram Sun

79. H-R Diagram again Click http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzsprung-Russell_diagram

80. HR Diagram Regions http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~soper/Stars/hrdiagram.html

84. Main Sequence Star Sizes

85. Giant Star Example The star V838 Monocerotis would extend beyond the orbit of Mars in our solar system

90. Canis Major http://www.winshop.com.au/annew/CanisMajor.html Sirius