Class PPT

1. 
 In a couple of COMPLETE sentences, describe the
advantages that the North had over the South during
the Civil War.
Bell Ringer

2. EQ: How can I trace the critical development
and events of the American Civil War?

3. 
First Battle of Bull Run
 First major battle of the Civil War
 General Irvin McDowell (Union)
vs. General P.G.T. Beauregard
(Conf.)
 Fighting occurred near a small
river called Bull Run
 Hundreds of spectators from
Washington, D.C. watched from a
distance
 Rebels struggled at first but were
inspired by Thomas Jackson. He
held his position like a “stone
wall.”
 The loss shocked the North and
showed them that the war would
be long and difficult.

4. 
Fort Henry and Fort Donelson
 Battles were occurring over control
of the MS River and its tributaries
 Union forces led by Ulysses S.
Grant and Andrew Foote captured
Fort Henry on the TN River
 Grant and Foote then moved to Fort
Donelson on the Cumberland River
 Confederates realized they had no
chance of saving the fort
 Grant demanded a surrender with
no guarantees for the the South.
This earned him the nickname,
“Unconditional Surrender” Grant.
 This made Grant a hero for the
North and he eventually became
the top Union general.

5. 
Shiloh (TN)
 Grant led 40,000 troops to Corinth,
MS (major RR hub)
 Union captured Pittsburgh
Landing, TN, near Shiloh church
 More Union troops were on the
way
 South decided to strike first in a
surprise attack
 South was led by Albert Sidney
Johnson and P.G.T. Beauregard
 It was a narrow Union victory but
both armies had over 23,000
casualties (deaths or injured)
 After this battle, the North would
capture Memphis and were on their
way to capturing the MS River

6. 
Stones River (TN)
 Occurred in Tennessee,
near Murfreesboro
 One of the bloodiest
battles of the Civil War
 Tennessee General
Braxton Bragg ordered
John Breckinridge to
charge the Union
 Both sides fought to a
draw until Union re-
enforcements arrived

7. 
Antietam
 Robert E. Lee went to Maryland
and split his army into four parts
 Each part moved in a different
direction to confuse Union
general, George McClellan
 A Confederate officer lost his
battle plans and it was found by
the Union
 McClellan did not attack
immediately, giving Lee time to
prepare
 Key Union victory
 Deadliest single-day of fighting
in the entire war (6,000 dead and
17,000 wounded)

8. 
Fredericksburg
 Lee moved into Virginia
from Maryland
 Union general, Ambrose
Burnside responded by
moving toward
Richmond (CSA capital)
 Lee intercepted them at
Fredericksburg and won
by digging trenches in the
surrounding hills

9. 
Chancellorsville
 Lee vs. General Joseph Hooker
 Hooker had twice as many men
 Lee showed his skill by
dividing the Confederate troops
 Lee attacked the front, while
“Stonewall” attacked at the
flank (side)
 “Stonewall” would lose his left
arm
 Lee said, “he lost his left arm
and I have lost my right”
 “Stonewall” eventually died
from his wounds

10. 
Gettysburg
 One of the most decisive
battles of the war
 Confederates came into
the town looking for
supplies
 Lee wanted to avoid
fighting in land that he
did not know well
 Lee would meet the
enemy in this small
Pennsylvania town

11. 
Gettysburg (Day 1)
 Battle started on July 1,
1863 at 7:30 a.m.
 Union troops were
outnumbered and
retreated to Cemetery
Ridge
 Colonel Chamberlain's
Speech

12. 
Gettysburg (Day 2)
 Southern generals tried
to force the Union out
of the hills
 Union forces under
George Meade held
their positions

13. 
Gettysburg (Day 3)
 Lee planned to completely
destroy the Union army
 Lee sent George Pickett to
attack Cemetery Ridge
(“Pickett’s Charge”)
 This strategy seemed to
work at first but soon
became ineffective
 The rebels lost half of the
men involved in the attack
and the North would win
the battle
 Virgnia's Glory- Pickett's
Charge

14. 
Casualties at Gettysburg
 Confederates
 25,000
 Union
 23,000

15. 
Vicksburg
 Occurred on July 4, the day
after Gettysburg ended
 Vicksburg was an important
city on the MS River
 Grant won this battle by
cutting off food and supplies
from the Confederates
 Union gunships supported
Grant
 This completed the
Anaconda Plan

16. 
Chickamauga (TN)
 Occurred in September of
1863 near Chattanooga, TN
 General Braxton Bragg had
been forced out of the area
earlier that month
 Bragg called for
reinforcements and supplies
 Grant sent supplies of his
own to General William
Rosecrans and the Union
won the battle and
controlled the area

17. 
Lookout Mountain (TN)
 Joseph Hooker (Union)
vs Carter Stevenson
(Confederacy)
 Union victory in
Tennessee that opened
a gateway to the Deep
South
 Ended Confederate
control in Tennessee

18. 
Franklin and Nashville
(TN)
 One of the final battles
of the Civil War in
Tennessee
 Confederate forces
marched into
Tennessee from
Georgia
 Confederate forces
were badly defeated at
Franklin and destroyed
at Nashville

19. 
Sherman’s “March to the Sea”
 Confederates were refusing to give up
 The Union was trying to break the will of
the Confederates
 William Tecumseh Sherman led forces
across Georgia, burning Atlanta in the
process
 Cities and crops were burned
 Sherman continued through the
Carolinas to meet Grant in Richmond
 On his way, he tore up railroad lines and
fields and killed livestock
 The goal of this strategy (“total war”)
was to end the war by exposing the
Southern population to the horrors of
war
 White Southerners were outraged but
many African Americans followed
Sherman to freedom

20. 
Appomattox Court
House
 April 9, 1865
 Two days earlier, Grant asked
Lee to surrender, but Lee
believed the South should fight
on
 The Union had captured the train
carrying food to Southern troops
 Lee finally agreed to surrender at
the court house
 Grant offered the following to
Lee:
 Officers could keep small
firearms and horses
 Rebels could return home
undisturbed
 Grant also gave 25,000 rations to
feed Lee’s troops

21. 
 Construct a newspaper article detailing one of the
battles or events of the American Civil War. Your
article should include:
 A headline
 A small illustration
 At least one page of text
 Grading Rubric:
 Historical Accuracy (5 points)
 Detail (5 points)
Extension Activity