This document discusses elements of cinematography including equipment, strategies, and editing used in video production. It provides examples of common video camera equipment like DSLR cameras and theatrical cameras. It also outlines lighting equipment and microphones. For strategies, it discusses techniques like close-ups, slow motion, and focus. It describes common editing techniques such as narration, filters, cutting angles, and splicing. The conclusion emphasizes that planning and techniques are what make videos appear different even if they use the same equipment.
2. This clip is shot without much previous
planning or editing.
http://youtu.be/d4IiRKv8Las (0:57-1:12)
This film was shot with the same Canon
550D camera
http://youtu.be/jBSXpbvjgVo (6:17-6:34)
Examples shot with same camera
3. After listening to me speak
today you should know a
few more things about the
equipment, strategies, and
editing needed to create a
video production.
My goal today
4. I am a film producer and have
worked on various projects from
music videos to funeral/memorial
videos.
• In the last year I have made over $5,000
from the films I have produced.
• I have over 1.5 million views and over 25k
subscribers
• I plan to pursue filmmaking as a career path
Qualifications
5. Equipment
Strategies
Editing
Produced video
I want to show you the three
components of video production
6. “Point-and-Shoot” Cameras
• Are any device that can shoot a video (iPhone, webcam, etc.)
• Cheap
• Almost never used in production
http://soldiersforthecause.org/wp-
content/uploads/2011/11/iphone-cam.jpg
DSLR 35mm Video Camera
• Often used in music videos & short films
• Uses a 35mm image sensor, which is the same size as theatrical film
• ~$5.5-6.5k+ (Sony Electronics Inc., 2012)
http://philipbloom.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/4Sony-
• Shoots in 1920x1080 definition NEX-FS100-670x525.jpg
Theatrical Camera
• Also shoots with a 35mm image sensor
• Shoots in 4k or 4096x2048
• Not available for purchase by public (Sony Electronics Inc., 2012)
http://jonfordham.com/news/wp-
• Sony F23 is estimated at ~$200k+ content/uploads/aaron_bacon_acv_thanks.jpg
Video Camera Equipment
7. Lapel Microphone
• Used when the microphone does not need to be hidden (talk
shows, infomercials, etc.)
• Clip to subjects collar
• ~$20-$400+ (Performance Audio, 2012) http://soldiersforthecause.org/wp-
content/uploads/2011/11/iphone-cam.jpg
Shotgun Microphones
• Attach to top of camera
• Picks up audio in the direction it is pointing
• ~$100-$1000+ (Buy.com Inc., 2012). http://cachepe.zzounds.com/media/quality,
85/vmic_cmyk13cm-
9fd67e697cb8cd95dcf8f1be4edab485.jpg
Handheld Microphone
• Many different types but the most common is a boom microphone
• Allows closer proximity to the subject
• Most common in theatrical productions
• ~$150-$10,000+ (Buy.com Inc., 2012). http://no-kancho.net/wp-
content/uploads/2011/07/Boom-mic.jpg
Microphone
8. Umbrella Reflectors
• Used to reflect light onto the subject or background
• Eliminates shadows from the backdrop
http://www.shortcourses.com/images/b5ch
2/umbrella.jpg
Soft Boxes
• Large & rectangular
• Reflects soft light onto a subject to create a soft edge around them
• Commonly used in interviews http://www.photoflexlightingschool.com/Product_Compari
sons/SilverDome_vs._Westcott__Silver_Soft_Box/111688
1708_350x350_header.jpg
Pointed Barndoor Lights
• Have metal flaps the close or open to direct light
• Brightest option available
• Offers a spotlight effect
http://ak.buy.com/PI/0/500/222753133.jp
g
Lighting
9. • Used to amplify the
emotion of the
subject
• The closer the
camera is to the
subject the more
pronounced the
emotion becomes
http://i43.tinypic.com/123a5ch.jpg
Strategies: Close-Up
10. • Used to display extreme clarity in a
scene
• Shot at 60 fps or higher
• 1-2 seconds of regular time footage is
usually slowed to 5-15 seconds of slow
motion
• Example: knock out blow in boxing scene
Strategies: Slow-Motion
11. • Used to direct
viewers
attention to a
focal point
• The lense on the
http://www.digital-photography-school.com/wp-
content/uploads/2010/12/1DS_9336-600x429.jpg
front of the
camera is turned
to adjust the
focus manually
Strategies: Focus
12. • Narration is recorded with a microphone after the video
is shot
• The narration track is then laid over the video and it’s
audio.
• Allows pertinent information to be relayed to the viewer
Video Track
Audio from Video
Narration Audio
Photo taken myself
Editing: Narration
13. • Color filters change the color of the raw footage to
whatever you desire
• Common filters are black & white, sepia, red, and blue
• The film “Sin City” used color filters often throughout
http://www.usatoday.com/life/gallery/2005/%5Csincity
/yellow-bastard.jpg
Editing: Filters
14. • Cutting & splicing different camera angles
of the same scene keeps the audience
from growing tired of the same shot
• Most often used in conversation scenes
• Angles usually switch every ~.5-6 seconds
• Example: (1:10-1:20)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSR4S2oJ
2hk
Editing: Cutting & Splicing
15. Next, I
Finally, I went
First I covered discussed the
over some of
the equipment techniques &
the edits made
used in filming strategies used
after filming
when filming
Conclusion
16. Remember the
Now you know
two videos I
why!
showed you?
They were both
recorded with a
Canon 550D yet
looked so
different
17. References
BUY.COM INC. "Rode VideoMic Pro Compact Shotgun Microphone, 200 Ohms - VIDEOMICPRO" Buy.com. 2012
<http://www.buy.com/pr/product.aspx?sku=222437265&sellerid=10001650>
BUY.COM INC. "AtlasSound SB-11WE Studio Boom Mic Stand with Air Suspension System - Steel - Ebony" Buy.com. 2012
<http://www.buy.com/pr/product.aspx?sku=226098421&sellerid=22583914>
Performance Audio LLC. "Samson SWA3CS " Performance Audio. 2012
<http://www.performanceaudio.com/buy/Samson/SWA3CS/26147>
Sony Electronics Inc. "NEXFS100UK " Sony. 2012 < http://pro.sony.com/bbsc/ssr/cat-broadcastcameras/cat-nxcam/product-
NEXFS100UK/ >
Sony Electronics Inc. "F23" Sony. 2012 < http://pro.sony.com/bbsc/ssr/product-F23/ >