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Car How To Brakes

             Welcome to Brakes 101




source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/repair-brake-system.htm
What is a Brake Caliper?
•   The brake process is very straight forward - friction between a rotating component (the drum of disc) and
    a stationary component (the brake shoe or pad) causes the drum or disk to slow down.
•   The size of the pad itself and the clamping force that is used to generate the friction is ultimately a
    function of the design of the caliper, which houses the pistons used to compress the pads onto the disc.
    Many road car calipers use a single sided design on sliding pins. This means the piston or pistons are only
    on one side of the caliper, usually the inside and as they extend they press the pad against the disc. The
    reaction causes the whole caliper to slide on pins and pull the opposite pad onto the disc as well.
•   A better option is to have at least a pair of pistons, one on each side of the caliper forcing the pads onto
    the disc evenly. However, this inevitably increases the thickness of the caliper, which can cause problems
    with the space behind the wheel.
•   The number and size of the pistons in the caliper will be chosen the match the car. For example, a heavy
    car may have four-piston calipers to allow a bigger pad to be used to generate more braking force.
•   As a rough rule of thumb a four-piston caliper can handle a 131mm long pad while a six-piston version will
    allow 152mm long pads. Because of the amount of friction generated is directly related to the size of the
    pad contact area and the force clamping it, a bigger pad will give stringer brakes, with all other forces
    being equal.
•   Another benefit of multiple-piston calipers is to combat pad tapering. When braking is taking place, the
    surface of the pad gets hot and it it gets too hot the material can begin to melt as the metallic elements
    become molten. As it does so, it begins to flow in the same direction as the rotation of the disc. This in
    turn leads to the pad becoming wedge shaped. So a smaller piston at the leading edge of the pad and a
    larger one at the trailing edge will provide more force to the area when the material will build up and help
    to keep the pad flat against the disc.

            source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-calipers.htm
What is a
 Brake
Caliper?
 cont.

     source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-calipers.htm
What is a Brake Disc?
•   The disc brake slows or stops the rotation of a wheel. A brake disc is usually made
    of cast iron or ceramic and is connected to the wheel. To stop the wheel, friction
    material in the form of brake pads (mounted in a caliper) is forced hydraulically
    against both sides of the disc. Friction causes the disc and attached wheel to slow
    or stop.
•   Disc brakes don't suffer the seizing (as drum brakes do) for several reasons. Firstly,
    they work by forcing a pair of pads against the outside of a spinning disc. Because,
    certainly on the front, they don't need to produce and hand brake effect, there is
    no mechanical adjustment and wear in the pads is compensated by slightly greater
    piston travel.
•   Further benefit of disc brakes is that the friction generation process takes place in
    open air, so there is far better cooling of the whole operator. To improve this even
    further, for hard braking applications (such as track days or motorsports) additional
    air can be ducted onto the brakes to cool them even more.
•   Discs will also usually be ventilated, with a series of vanes allowing air into the
    middle section of the disc. This increases the surface area that the cooling air
    comes into contact with and removing yet more heat for better efficiency.



             source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-disc.htm
What is a
Brake Disc?
   cont.



      source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-disc.htm
What is Brake Fluid?
•   Brake fluid is possibly the most crucial aspect of the whole braking system, since it is what
    transfers your stomp on the pedal into clamping force at the caliper.
•   It is also the least considered aspect. With brake fade the remedy is to simply stop using
    them and let them cool down. However, if you don't and keep trying to stop, then you would
    start to transfer significant amounts of heat into the fluid, which is after all filling the calipers.
•   If enough heat goes into the fluid, then it can boil, which is a very bad thing. Fluids are
    incompressible but vapor is not. So when the fluid boils, it turns into vapor and as you hit the
    brakes, just the vapor is compressed rather than forcing the fluid into the calipers. At that
    point the pedal will go to the floor and nothing will happen.
•   If you are planning on using your brakes in an extreme manner such as racing then an
    upgrade to the fluid is recommended.
•   The three main types of brake fluid now available are DOT3, DOT4 and DOT5. DOT3 and DOT4
    are glycol-based fluids and DOT5 is silicon-based. The main difference is that DOT3 and DOT4
    absorb water while DOT5 does not.
•   AAs a DOT3 and DOT 4 brake fluid absorbs water, its boiling point decreases. It can absorb
    water from the air, which is why you should avoid opening a cars brake system reservoir. For
    the same reason, containers of brake fluid should be kept tightly sealed.
•   DOT5 fluid does not absorb water. This means the boiling point will remain relatively stable,
    but it also means that any water in the system will form pure water pockets, which could
    cause brake corrosion.
•   AAdditionally, none of the different types of brake fluid should be mixed. They can react
    badly with each other and corrode the brake system.

              source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-fluid.htm
What is
 Brake Fluid?
    cont.




            source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/h
      owto/brake-fluid.htm
Are Squealing Brakes a Problem?


Yes
         and
                     No
When are Squealing Brakes a Problem?
 •   Sometimes brake squeals are an indication that maintenance is required. Some
     common conditions that cause brake noise are:
 •   Heat cracked or worn "un-true" rotors Rough finish on resurfaced rotors Loose
     fitting brake pads in the caliper Lack of silicone compound on back of brake pad
     Missing springs or anti-rattle clips that should be on the caliper or pad Improper
     tightening sequence of lug nuts or caliper hardware.
 •   Most GM cars are equipped with a small thin piece of metal attached to the brake
     pad to act as a warning indicator when the pad material is getting low and the
     brake pads should be replaced. This inexpensive warning device can be deceiving
     though, because this warning noise is present when the brakes are not depressed.
     When the brakes are applied, the warning noise goes away because the indicator
     has now been forced against the brake rotor and is not able to vibrate which
     causes this whistling noise.
 •   If you hear brake noises other than a squeal, it could mean your brake pads are
     worn out and need to be replaced. If your brake pedal feels different than normal
     or if you've noticed any change in the way your vehicle brakes (pulls to one side
     when braking or requires more pressure on the brake pedal), have the brake
     system inspected at once.


source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/when-are-squealing-brakes-a-problem.htm
When are Squeals NOT a Problem?
   • Some brands of semi-metallic pads are inherently noisier than others
     because of the ingredients used in the manufacture of the friction
     material.
   • Think of it this way, the longer life pads or pads that claim to have more
     stopping power usually contain more metallic material. Yes, they will last
     longer and could enhance braking but the chance of causing a squeal
     noise is very high.
   • The squealing noise that might be caused from use of these pads does not
     affect braking performance and does not indicate a brake problem.
   • Brake squeal is caused by vibration between the brake pads, rotors, and
     calipers. Having the brake rotors refinished or trued (machining a small
     layer of the metal away from the brake rotor to make it smooth and "true"
     again) and a thin layer of a silicone compound placed on the back of the
     brake pads are a great way to reduce the squeal if the semi-metalic pads
     are the culprit of the noise and not due to a worn out brake pad.



source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/when-are-squealing-brakes-not-a-problem.htm
What Should I Do About Squealing Brakes?
   • First of all, noisy brakes should always be inspected to make sure
     there isn't a problem with the braking system. If the pads have
     worn down to the point where metal-to-metal contact is occurring,
     your vehicle may not be able to stop safely, and you may damage
     the brake rotors or drums to the point where they have to be
     replaced. Sometimes a few harder-than-normal stops can "de-
     glaze" the brake pads and help reduce the squealing noise for a
     while.
   • There are many aftermarket brake pads that claim to be "quiet" or
     have been "designed" for import and front wheel drive vehicles that
     you can choose from. Personally, I have had the best luck replacing
     the brake pads on small vehicles like Honda and Toyota with original
     equipment pads from the dealership rather than using aftermarket
     brands. It is usually more expensive to purchase these pads from
     the dealership, but the quality is much better.


source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/what-can-be-done-about-squealing-brakes.htm
Now for something a little more
            difficult


Disc Brake
Conversion Kits
How To Install Disc Brake Conversion Kit?

• The basic process for a disc brake conversion is very
  straight forward but there are always small steps that
  can be missed. The best way to avoid these small steps
  is to have a step by step installation guide and a
  mechanic who knows the process.
• This is following slides are not an official install or
  instructional guide and BuyAutoParts.com is not
  responsible for any damage or injury that can occur
  during these procedures. It is always recommended
  that all parts be installed by a licensed mechanic.


  source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
Parts
Commonly
Included in
    a Kit


         source:
http://www.buyautopar
   ts.com/howto/71-
      20010-install-
    instructions.htm
Preparation




         source:
http://www.buyautopar
   ts.com/howto/71-
      20010-install-
    instructions.htm
Steps 5 -18



              source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/how
to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
Steps 19-35



              source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/how
to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
Caliper
   Adjustment



              source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/how
to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
Proportioning
    Valve


              source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/how
to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
Brake Booster
    Issues


              source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/how
to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
Poor Brake
   Pedal


           source:
http://www.buyautopart
s.com/howto/71-20010-
 install-instructions.htm
Disc Brake
  Checklist


             source:
http://www.buyautoparts.com/h
     owto/71-20010-install-
        instructions.htm
Disc Brake Conversion Videos
• These series of videos documenting the installation of a disk brake
  conversion system for a drum brake vehicle.
    – First remove the wheel and old drum brake assembly. To remove the
      axle a slide hammer will be needed to complete the job. Be sure that
      the brake line is loose from the brake drum and detach the line from
      the brake system.
    – Now clean up the area to be sure there is no debris in the system
      before the install.
    – Install the spacer and reinstall the axle shaft into the rear end.
    – Next attach the caliper mounting bracket to the axle assembly on the
      OEM factory mounting holes.

• To Watch the video click this link,
  http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/install_disk_brake_conversio
  n_kit_part_1.asp
Disc Brake Conversion Videos - 2
• In this second installment of the disk brake conversion
  install videos you will see how to attach the mounting
  brackets for the brake calipers.
   – Next you will learn how to attach the brake rotor and
     caliper on to the correct location.
   – Installing a parking brake cable and adjusting the piston
     internally to make correct brake pressure is also covered.
   – When doing this install be sure that your brake master
     cylinder to keep up with the new demand.

• To Watch the video click this link,
  http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/install_disk_bra
  ke_conversion_kit_part_2.asp
Car How To Brakes
                                 The End
For more Auto How To tips visit, http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/

If you need to purchase an auto part
- Visit http://www.buyautoparts.com/
- Call 1-888-907-7225
- Or send an email to sales@buyautoparts.com




                        Thanks
       source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/repair-brake-system.htm

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Car Brakes 101

  • 1. Car How To Brakes Welcome to Brakes 101 source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/repair-brake-system.htm
  • 2. What is a Brake Caliper? • The brake process is very straight forward - friction between a rotating component (the drum of disc) and a stationary component (the brake shoe or pad) causes the drum or disk to slow down. • The size of the pad itself and the clamping force that is used to generate the friction is ultimately a function of the design of the caliper, which houses the pistons used to compress the pads onto the disc. Many road car calipers use a single sided design on sliding pins. This means the piston or pistons are only on one side of the caliper, usually the inside and as they extend they press the pad against the disc. The reaction causes the whole caliper to slide on pins and pull the opposite pad onto the disc as well. • A better option is to have at least a pair of pistons, one on each side of the caliper forcing the pads onto the disc evenly. However, this inevitably increases the thickness of the caliper, which can cause problems with the space behind the wheel. • The number and size of the pistons in the caliper will be chosen the match the car. For example, a heavy car may have four-piston calipers to allow a bigger pad to be used to generate more braking force. • As a rough rule of thumb a four-piston caliper can handle a 131mm long pad while a six-piston version will allow 152mm long pads. Because of the amount of friction generated is directly related to the size of the pad contact area and the force clamping it, a bigger pad will give stringer brakes, with all other forces being equal. • Another benefit of multiple-piston calipers is to combat pad tapering. When braking is taking place, the surface of the pad gets hot and it it gets too hot the material can begin to melt as the metallic elements become molten. As it does so, it begins to flow in the same direction as the rotation of the disc. This in turn leads to the pad becoming wedge shaped. So a smaller piston at the leading edge of the pad and a larger one at the trailing edge will provide more force to the area when the material will build up and help to keep the pad flat against the disc. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-calipers.htm
  • 3. What is a Brake Caliper? cont. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-calipers.htm
  • 4. What is a Brake Disc? • The disc brake slows or stops the rotation of a wheel. A brake disc is usually made of cast iron or ceramic and is connected to the wheel. To stop the wheel, friction material in the form of brake pads (mounted in a caliper) is forced hydraulically against both sides of the disc. Friction causes the disc and attached wheel to slow or stop. • Disc brakes don't suffer the seizing (as drum brakes do) for several reasons. Firstly, they work by forcing a pair of pads against the outside of a spinning disc. Because, certainly on the front, they don't need to produce and hand brake effect, there is no mechanical adjustment and wear in the pads is compensated by slightly greater piston travel. • Further benefit of disc brakes is that the friction generation process takes place in open air, so there is far better cooling of the whole operator. To improve this even further, for hard braking applications (such as track days or motorsports) additional air can be ducted onto the brakes to cool them even more. • Discs will also usually be ventilated, with a series of vanes allowing air into the middle section of the disc. This increases the surface area that the cooling air comes into contact with and removing yet more heat for better efficiency. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-disc.htm
  • 5. What is a Brake Disc? cont. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-disc.htm
  • 6. What is Brake Fluid? • Brake fluid is possibly the most crucial aspect of the whole braking system, since it is what transfers your stomp on the pedal into clamping force at the caliper. • It is also the least considered aspect. With brake fade the remedy is to simply stop using them and let them cool down. However, if you don't and keep trying to stop, then you would start to transfer significant amounts of heat into the fluid, which is after all filling the calipers. • If enough heat goes into the fluid, then it can boil, which is a very bad thing. Fluids are incompressible but vapor is not. So when the fluid boils, it turns into vapor and as you hit the brakes, just the vapor is compressed rather than forcing the fluid into the calipers. At that point the pedal will go to the floor and nothing will happen. • If you are planning on using your brakes in an extreme manner such as racing then an upgrade to the fluid is recommended. • The three main types of brake fluid now available are DOT3, DOT4 and DOT5. DOT3 and DOT4 are glycol-based fluids and DOT5 is silicon-based. The main difference is that DOT3 and DOT4 absorb water while DOT5 does not. • AAs a DOT3 and DOT 4 brake fluid absorbs water, its boiling point decreases. It can absorb water from the air, which is why you should avoid opening a cars brake system reservoir. For the same reason, containers of brake fluid should be kept tightly sealed. • DOT5 fluid does not absorb water. This means the boiling point will remain relatively stable, but it also means that any water in the system will form pure water pockets, which could cause brake corrosion. • AAdditionally, none of the different types of brake fluid should be mixed. They can react badly with each other and corrode the brake system. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/brake-fluid.htm
  • 7. What is Brake Fluid? cont. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/h owto/brake-fluid.htm
  • 8. Are Squealing Brakes a Problem? Yes and No
  • 9. When are Squealing Brakes a Problem? • Sometimes brake squeals are an indication that maintenance is required. Some common conditions that cause brake noise are: • Heat cracked or worn "un-true" rotors Rough finish on resurfaced rotors Loose fitting brake pads in the caliper Lack of silicone compound on back of brake pad Missing springs or anti-rattle clips that should be on the caliper or pad Improper tightening sequence of lug nuts or caliper hardware. • Most GM cars are equipped with a small thin piece of metal attached to the brake pad to act as a warning indicator when the pad material is getting low and the brake pads should be replaced. This inexpensive warning device can be deceiving though, because this warning noise is present when the brakes are not depressed. When the brakes are applied, the warning noise goes away because the indicator has now been forced against the brake rotor and is not able to vibrate which causes this whistling noise. • If you hear brake noises other than a squeal, it could mean your brake pads are worn out and need to be replaced. If your brake pedal feels different than normal or if you've noticed any change in the way your vehicle brakes (pulls to one side when braking or requires more pressure on the brake pedal), have the brake system inspected at once. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/when-are-squealing-brakes-a-problem.htm
  • 10. When are Squeals NOT a Problem? • Some brands of semi-metallic pads are inherently noisier than others because of the ingredients used in the manufacture of the friction material. • Think of it this way, the longer life pads or pads that claim to have more stopping power usually contain more metallic material. Yes, they will last longer and could enhance braking but the chance of causing a squeal noise is very high. • The squealing noise that might be caused from use of these pads does not affect braking performance and does not indicate a brake problem. • Brake squeal is caused by vibration between the brake pads, rotors, and calipers. Having the brake rotors refinished or trued (machining a small layer of the metal away from the brake rotor to make it smooth and "true" again) and a thin layer of a silicone compound placed on the back of the brake pads are a great way to reduce the squeal if the semi-metalic pads are the culprit of the noise and not due to a worn out brake pad. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/when-are-squealing-brakes-not-a-problem.htm
  • 11. What Should I Do About Squealing Brakes? • First of all, noisy brakes should always be inspected to make sure there isn't a problem with the braking system. If the pads have worn down to the point where metal-to-metal contact is occurring, your vehicle may not be able to stop safely, and you may damage the brake rotors or drums to the point where they have to be replaced. Sometimes a few harder-than-normal stops can "de- glaze" the brake pads and help reduce the squealing noise for a while. • There are many aftermarket brake pads that claim to be "quiet" or have been "designed" for import and front wheel drive vehicles that you can choose from. Personally, I have had the best luck replacing the brake pads on small vehicles like Honda and Toyota with original equipment pads from the dealership rather than using aftermarket brands. It is usually more expensive to purchase these pads from the dealership, but the quality is much better. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/what-can-be-done-about-squealing-brakes.htm
  • 12. Now for something a little more difficult Disc Brake Conversion Kits
  • 13. How To Install Disc Brake Conversion Kit? • The basic process for a disc brake conversion is very straight forward but there are always small steps that can be missed. The best way to avoid these small steps is to have a step by step installation guide and a mechanic who knows the process. • This is following slides are not an official install or instructional guide and BuyAutoParts.com is not responsible for any damage or injury that can occur during these procedures. It is always recommended that all parts be installed by a licensed mechanic. source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
  • 14. Parts Commonly Included in a Kit source: http://www.buyautopar ts.com/howto/71- 20010-install- instructions.htm
  • 15. Preparation source: http://www.buyautopar ts.com/howto/71- 20010-install- instructions.htm
  • 16. Steps 5 -18 source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/how to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
  • 17. Steps 19-35 source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/how to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
  • 18. Caliper Adjustment source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/how to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
  • 19. Proportioning Valve source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/how to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
  • 20. Brake Booster Issues source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/how to/71-20010-install-instructions.htm
  • 21. Poor Brake Pedal source: http://www.buyautopart s.com/howto/71-20010- install-instructions.htm
  • 22. Disc Brake Checklist source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/h owto/71-20010-install- instructions.htm
  • 23. Disc Brake Conversion Videos • These series of videos documenting the installation of a disk brake conversion system for a drum brake vehicle. – First remove the wheel and old drum brake assembly. To remove the axle a slide hammer will be needed to complete the job. Be sure that the brake line is loose from the brake drum and detach the line from the brake system. – Now clean up the area to be sure there is no debris in the system before the install. – Install the spacer and reinstall the axle shaft into the rear end. – Next attach the caliper mounting bracket to the axle assembly on the OEM factory mounting holes. • To Watch the video click this link, http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/install_disk_brake_conversio n_kit_part_1.asp
  • 24. Disc Brake Conversion Videos - 2 • In this second installment of the disk brake conversion install videos you will see how to attach the mounting brackets for the brake calipers. – Next you will learn how to attach the brake rotor and caliper on to the correct location. – Installing a parking brake cable and adjusting the piston internally to make correct brake pressure is also covered. – When doing this install be sure that your brake master cylinder to keep up with the new demand. • To Watch the video click this link, http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/install_disk_bra ke_conversion_kit_part_2.asp
  • 25. Car How To Brakes The End For more Auto How To tips visit, http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/ If you need to purchase an auto part - Visit http://www.buyautoparts.com/ - Call 1-888-907-7225 - Or send an email to sales@buyautoparts.com Thanks source: http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/repair-brake-system.htm