Beans and Eco-efficiency in a Changing Environment

Beans and Eco-efficiency in a Changing Environment Any real change? Or old wine in new bottles?

What changing environment? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Our mission: FOOD SECURITY INCOME GENERATION

Now… FOOD SECURITY INCOME GENERATION Eco- efficiency

Or… FOOD SECURITY INCOME GENERATION ECO-EFFICIENCY

Bean Researchers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gene pools of Common Bean Tertiary pool P. lunatus P. acutifolius = Wild and cultivated forms P. parvifolius Secondary pool P. coccineus - P. dumosus W C P. vulgaris W C Primary pool Mesoamerican Andean P. costaricensis W W P. vulgaris W C W C W C W C W C W C

Common Bean…often associated with higher human population

Outputs in the MTP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Output 1: Nutrition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lines with 40-80% more iron Meso-American (interspecific) Andean FEB 226-parent

PABRA: Support to PLWHA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Latin America – a laboratory for linking agriculture and nutrition? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The challenge of Latin America: Maintaining bean consumption ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Energy use for Food - USA Source: University of Michigan, Center for Sustainable Systems ( http://www.umich.edu/~css ) Processing (15.8%) Agricultural production (20.8%) Home preparation (19%) Home refrigeration (12.7%) Transport (13.9%) Food retail (4.0%) Restaurants (6.9%) Packaging (6.9%)

Shorter Cooking time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Andy Jarvis’ ever-popular Stipple map (Drier) mm day -1 (Wetter)

[object Object],[object Object],Climate change, pests and diseases More rain, more root rots and foliar diseases … and changing distributions! Stem maggot White flies

P. dumosus Rain-tolerant interspecific lines ( 1200 mm in 90 days ) FEB 226-parent

Climate change and Drought (Drier) mm day -1 (Wetter)

IMPROVED DROUGHT RESISTANCE (GCP / TL-1 / TL-2 / BMZ / RedSICTA) = + Good Grain Filling Deep roots

Yield potential (kg/ha) of drought resistant Mesoamerican lines *, ** = significant at P=0.05, 0.01 Our hypothesis: Some drought resistance genes contribute to plant yield efficiency, and are useful across environments Drought Favorable environments Days to mature PAL QUIL POP SER 102 888* 3352 3069* 2035 71** SER 109 1107* 3185 2286 2238* 71** SER 113 1025** 3710* 3195** 2253* 73** Check 347 3081 2505 1626 76

Yield potential of drought-selected Andean beans (Daríén, 1400 masl)

The Germplasm in Bernard’s ISFM Equation ,[object Object],Dealing with poor soils:

Aluminum resistance: Improving common bean with P. coccineus* * Ph.D. thesis, Louis Butare, ISAR, Rwanda 25 cm P. coccineus SER 16 SER 16 x (SER 16 x G35346)

To exploit P. coccineus and P. dumosus that have excessive biomass... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Yield under Intermittent drought Kg / ha Maturity Yield / d Interspp. lines ALB 205 3199 68 47 ALB 167 3174 69 46 ALB 213 3029 67 45 Drought res. checks SER 16 2520 63 40 BAT 477 2165 68 32

Fertilizer Use Efficiency ,[object Object],[object Object],SXB 412 … and large differences exist in the field … we need to exploit research findings systematically Tio Canela

An experienced team in root biology

Nitrogen fixation in Heat Tolerant climbing beans for Africa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Options for Nitrogen Fixation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Output 3: Innovative approaches for Reaching End Users ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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The other side of the coin: Energy use and production close to consumption ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Muchas gracias Bio-fortified Beans

Beans and Eco-efficiency in a Changing Environment

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Beans and Eco-efficiency in a Changing Environment

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