1. DEVELOPING A TOOLBOX FOR LAND USE ANALYSIS IN VIETNAM
Maximizing farming systems to address livelihood and environmental
sustainability in the uplands
Bui Tan YEN Supervisors:
Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Hanoi, Vietnam Prof. L. Stroosnijder (WUR), Prof. H. van Keulen (WUR),
PhD student of Wageningen University (WUR), the Netherlands Dr. C.T. Hoanh (IWMI), Dr. D. Orange (IRD), Dr. S. Visser (WUR), DR. B.H. Hien (SFRI)
Introduction Objectives
Same as other neighbor countries in South East Asia, the rapid population growth and favorable economic development in The major objective of the project is to create an innovative decision support system that is able to improve livelihood of
Vietnam has resulted in rapidly increasing demand for food and other commodities. The transformation of sloping land to farmer, environmental sustainability and contribute to poverty alleviation in upland systems. The others objectives are:
agricultural use, especially in mountainous areas, has been a major concern. The consequence is significant degradation
- To increase understanding of the interactions between agro-ecological and socio-economic dynamics at catchment scale;
of land and water resources that result in a decline in agricultural productivity and the livelihoods.
- To facilitate emergence of a common agreement on ecological sustainability, social equity and economically sound
Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries is exploring policy and strategic options that involve communities in the
solutions;
decision making process. It is argued that cultures and indigenous knowledge of natural resource management are very
important in developing appropriate land management policies. - To stimulate dialogues among various stakeholders and actors (farm households, local institutions, researchers, policy
makers) to achieve a shared responsibility of the common resources.
The development of a toolbox to simulate the interactions among different elements of land use systems is required in
order to improve our understanding of the major relationship between the agro-ecological and socio-economic dynamics at
the catchment level. The framework of project is illustrated in Figure 1. This project addresses to three aspects (Figure 3)
of land use planning, consisting of farmer adaptation, farmer livelihood and environmental sustainability in the upland.
(2) LAND USE OPTIMIZATION MODEL
(LUPAS)
(1) SOIL EROSION Que
MODEL (PLER) Ray
Problem MGLP and 940 m
definitions Trade-off
analysis
Biophysical
factors Con
500 m
Optimal land use
Socio-economic scenario
condition
Role Playing 140 m
Policy Games
Figure 2. Location of the study site in the map of Vietnam (red point) and the DEM map of Thu Cuc catchment
(3) AGENT-BASED MODEL
(ABM)
Study site
FEASIBLE OPTIMAL LAND-USE SCENARIOS AT CATCHMENT SCALE
Study site is a small catchment, with total area of 1700 ha, located in Thu Cuc commune, Tan Son district, Phu Tho
province, the North of Vietnam (Figure 2). Elevation of the catchment ranges from 140 to 940m. About 80% total area of the
catchment is sloping land. Flat land occupies only 20% total area, consisting of small paddy fields along streams. The land
Natural resource conservation Livelihood improvement
use diversity of Thu Cuc catchment is reflected by the presence of different types of forest, fallow, tea, cassava, rice and
other annual crop. Land of the catchment is owned by there villages with different cultures and land use strategies. Poverty
and backward cultivation habit in Thu Cuc catchment are representative situation of farmer livelihood in sloping land in the
Figure 1. The framework of the project north of Vietnam.
Components of the toolbox Works in progress
Farmer livelihood
Land use optimization model Hydrological and erosion model
y
i lit
ab
The Land Use Planning and Analysis The Predict and Localize Erosion and
n
tai
System (LUPAS) is a tool to explore the Runoff (PLER) model was developed
us
outer boundaries of agricultural under the Management of Soil
ls
nta
potentials, as well as the trade-offs Erosion Consortium (MSEC). In this
me
between various socio-economic project, PLER model is applied to
on
Fa
objectives and ecological sustainability. estimate soil erosion risk under
rm
v ir
En
er
The LUPAS methodology is used to different landscapes and climate
’s
ad
identify the optimal land-use options conditions.
ap
through analyzing the share of common
ta
tio
resources.
n
Figure 3. Components of the toolbox
Agent-based model
Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) is applied to simulate the land use decision of stakeholders. The Role Playing Game (RPG), a
component of ABM, is used to facilitate the interactions among stakeholders and to help researcher in observing farmer’s Land use maps of the catchment were built by using The 24 soil profiles and 100 soil samples was collected
behavior in land use decision. satellite images acquired from 1989 to 2007. within study area. Soil classification (FAO-UNRSCO-
WRB) was done with 4 soil groups: Fluvisols, Acrisols,
Luvisols and Regosols.
Acknowledgement
This project is supported by the Ginés- Mera Memorial Fellowship Fund for Postgraduate Studies, which is supported
financially by IDRC and organized through the CIAT Cassava Biotechnology Network (CBN).
The work relates to hydrological and soil erosion model is supported by Management of Soil Erosion Consortium (MSEC)
project.
Soil survey and laboratory analysis are carried out through collaboration with the Department of Soil Genesis and
Classification Research, Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam and the Community-based Land
Management for Poverty Alleviation in Vietnam (CLMPAV). Household survey has been done with 100 households in Cassava and other annual crops are grown on steep
3 villages, approximately 25% of total households in whole slope with low input and without soil conservation
catchment. measures. Therefore, land degradation is the evident
problem in this area.
100
References 75
F re q u e n c y
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Survey shows the most constraints of agricultural Field visit of supervisors in 2007. From left to right:
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production in Thu Cuc are capital, land area, technique B.T.Yen (SFRI), Dr. C.T.Hoanh (IWMI), Dr. D. Orange
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Vien, T.D., 2003. Culture, Environment, and Farming Systems in Vietnam’s Northern Mountain Region. Journal of Southeast use optimization model (LUPAS) and also Agent-Based and Prof. H. van Keulen (WUR).
Asian Studies 41 (2), 180-205. Model (ABM) to explore feasible land use option for the
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