2. Air Barrier Paper
-Air Barrier paper is a
type of paper that is
designed to act as
protection for wood
framed structure from
moisture.
-It also allows the water
vapor to keep circulating
so that it is not trapped
and allowed to cause
moisture issues.
3. Attic Ventilation
Attic ventilation is needed to keep hot
Soffit Vent
moist air from becoming trapped in
• This is a soffit vent which is your attic, if the hot moist air is
trapped in your attic this could cause
an opening under the eave
serious problems such as mold and
of a roof, used to allow air other moisture related issues.
to flow into the attic or the
Ridge Vent
space below the roof
- This is a ridge vent is a long, open
sheathing.
assembly that allows air to circulate
• This relies all on the wind
in and out of a gable roof at the
and natural air movement.
ridge.
4. ATTIC VENTILATION
Gable Vent
Roof Turbine
-This is a
-This draws the air and
screened, louvered
moisture out of the
opening in a
attic by way of a small
gable, used for
fan directed to pull air.
exhausting excess
5. Backhoe
• A backhoe is a tractor that
has a large, articulating
hydraulic arm with a bucket
on the end used to move
dirt from below grade, dig
trenches, set pipe, and
move debris.
• This backhoe has a 45 inch
bucket.
6. Batter Boards
• A temporary frame built just
outside the corner of an
excavation to carry marks
that lie on the surface
planes of the basement that
will be built in the
excavation.
7. Brick Arches
• This is a parabolic arch. • This is a jack arch.
• It is very common, just as it • It is a very common type of
is seen here over an arch used over windows to
entryway or an ally. add aesthetical value.
9. Centering
• This is centering which is
the temporary scaffolding
used in forming
arches, domes, or vaults.
10. Brick Bonds
This is a Common bond which This is a Flemish bond which
has one row of headers for has rows of alternating
every five rows of headers and stretchers.
stretchers.
13. Brick Sizes
• This is Roman brick which
has dimensions of (3 ½ in x
1 5/8 x 11 5/8)
• This is Modular brick which
has dimensions of (3 5/8 in
x 2 ¼ in x 7 5/8)
14. Bulldozer
• A bulldozer is
large, powerful tractor with
a curved blade and tracks
used for moving dirt, trees
and other types of debris.
17. Cladding
5. Wood Shakes
Wood shingles/shakes are
small units of wood nailed in
overlapping fashion with
many other such units to
render a wall or sloping roof
watertight.
18. Code Requirements for a
Window
• The IBC code for windows
says that the window must
have an minimum opening
height of 24 inches, a
minimum opening width of
20 inches and a minimum
5.7sqft. opening for higher
than one story and a
minimum of 5.0 sqft.
opening for floors on grade.
• This window has a max
height of 36 inches and a
max width of 30 ½
inches, which means it has
a square footage of (36
inches x 30 ½ inches/144 =
7.6 sqft.) and that it passes
code.
19. Code Requirements for Stairs
• The IBC code for
stairs calls for a
minimum 10 inch
tread and a maximum
7 3/4 inch riser.
• The stairs pictured
have an 11 inch tread
and a 5 ½ inch riser.
• The stairs pass code!!
20. Control Joints
• An international, linear
discontinuity in a structure
or component, designed to
form a plane of weakness
Crack
where cracking can occur in
response to various forces
so as to minimize or Control joint
eliminate cracking
elsewhere in the structure.
21. Isolation Joints
• A concrete joint that is
designed to separate two
different kinds of concrete.
• This is most common
where the concrete in the
isolation joint needs to be
stronger to support a
heavier load, such as a
support member for a
building.
• This isolation joint is
separating the sidewalk
from a light pole.
22. Concrete Masonry Unit
• A block of hardened
concrete, with or without
hollow cores, designed to
be laid in the same manner
as a brick or stone.
• The nominal dimensions
are (8in x 8in x 16in)
23. Concrete Masonry Unit
• This concrete block has • This concrete block has
dimensions of (4in x 8in x dimensions of (12in x 8in x
16in) 16in)
25. Doors
Flush Door Panel Door
Panel
Top rail
Stile
Lock rail
Bottom rail
26. Doors
A transom is a small window A sidelight is a tall, narrow window
along side a door.
directly above a door.
27. Electrical Components
A service head is the assembly
by which electricity is
conducted from outdoor lines
to the meter base.
A transformer is an electrical
device that changes the
voltage of alternating current.
28. ElectricaltoComponents
A meter is the device used
keep up with the number of
kilowatt hours used by your
household.
A service panel is the
assembly by which electricity
is conducted from outdoor
lines to the meter base.
36. Front End Loader
• A large tractor having a
shovel or bucket at the end
of an articulated arm
located at the front of the
vehicle.
37. Gypsum Board
An interior facing panel
consisting of a gypsum core
sandwiched between paper
faces
38. Heat Pump
The Air Handler takes The Compressor/Evaporator
the cold or hot air and takes the hot refrigerant and
forces it through ducts runs it through coils cooling it off
all over the building. and pumping it back to the air
handler.
Disadvantage: It is relatively noisy.
Advantage: It has a quick response time.
39. Insulation
Loose Fill is blown in the attic
Batt/ Blanket insulation comes
or wall and is graded by its
in long sheets that can be
heat flow resistance by
inserted in between the studs
measuring the thickness of the
to reduce heat flow.
material.
40. Insulation
Spray Foam insulation is used Rigid Board insulation is foam
to expand into all the cracks used to cover the interior
and crevices that are in a walls between the
wood framed wall. sheetrock and the studs.
41. Lintel
A lintel is the horizontal
member of concrete or steel
that goes across a door or
window opening on
masonry veneer buildings to
transfer the weight load to
the full walls.
42. Mortar
-This is a 3/8 inch raked mortar joint which must be tooled.
-This is probably a S type mortar joint because it is on a veneered
semi-load bearing wall
43. Mortar
-This is a 3/8 inch concave mortar joint which must be tooled.
- This is probably a type S or N mortar because it is on a
veneered residential building.
44. Oriented Strand Board
• A building panel composed
of long shreds of wood fiber
oriented in specific
directions and bonded
together under pressure.
45. Plumbing
• This is a
lavatory, which is a sink
located in a bathroom
used for washing face
and hands.
• Most lavatories have
1 ½ in pipe for draining.
47. Plumbing
A plumbing vent is a vent
Drop-in Sink
located in the roof used to
regulate the pressure of the
drainage in a building and
also to release sewer
gases.
48. Plywood
Plywood is a wood
panel composed of an
odd number of layers
of wood veneer
bounded together
under pressure.
Veneers are thin
sheets of wood laid in
crisscrossing patterns
and glued together to
make plywood.
49. Rebar
This rebar is ½” in
diameter. It would be
referred to as a #4
bar.
The purpose of the
deformations on the
rebar are to add to the
surface area so that it
bond better to
concrete that it is
reinforcing.
50. Steep Roof Drainage
A gutter is a channel that
collects rainwater and A downspout is a vertical pipe
snowmelt at the eave of the for conducting water from the
roof. roof to a lower level.
51. Steep Roof Drainage
• A splash block is a small
precast block of concrete or
plastic used to divert water
at the bottom of a
downspout.
52. Steep Roof Materials
Underlayment is the roofing felt
that goes down before the Clay Tile Roof
shingles it is a felt sheet that is
impregnated with asphalt to help
in waterproofing.
53. Steep Roof Materials
Shingles are small units of
water-resistant material nailed
in overlapping fashion with
many other such units to
render a wall or sloping roof
water tight.
Preformed Metal Roof is a type
of roof that is made in metal
sheets that can be easily
lapped together to become
water tight
Concrete Tile Roof
56. Steep Roof Terms
A ridge is the level intersection
of two roof planes in a gable
roof.
57. Steep Roof Terms
A valley is a trough formed by
the intersection of two roof
slopes.
58. Steep Roof Terms
Rake
Eave
An eave is the A rake is the
horizontal edge sloping
at the low side edge of a
of a sloping steep roof.
roof.
59. Steep Roof Terms
• The fascia is the exposed
vertical face of an eave.
fascia
Soffit
• The soffit is the
undersurface of a horizontal
element of a
building, especially the
underside of a stair or a roof
overhang.
63. Vapor Retarder
- Vapor retarder is a layer of material
intended to obstruct the passage of
water vapor through a building
assembly.
- It is put on the warm in winter side
of the building.
64. Waterproofing
-Waterproofing is an
impervious membrane
applied to the outside of a
foundation.
-It protects the foundation
form allowing moisture into
the basement.
-This type of waterproofing
is liquid applied which
cures in place and is
relatively easy to detail
around penetrations and
other transitions, since in
liquid state, the membrane
can easily form itself to
any shape.
65. Weep Hole
A weep hole is a small
opening whose purpose
is to permit drainage of
water that accumulates
inside a building
component or
assembly.
