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Bringing Operations Research to Life_Akogbeto_Riese_5.2.12
1. CORE Group Spring Meeting
CHS Benin OR Presentation
Partnership for Community Management of Child
Health (PRISE-C)
Chief of Party: Mme Marthe Akogbeto
Technical Backstop: Sara Riese, MA, MPH
2. Project background
• 22nd out of 193 countries
in under-5 mortality
• Maternal mortality ratio
of 410/100000
• Poor accessibility and quality
of health services for women
and children
CHS Benin’s PRISE-C project
aims to improve maternal
and child health outcomes
in three health intervention
areas of SAO, DAGLA and
AZT
3. To improve maternal and child health
Goal/Impact outcomes in the 3 health intervention areas
Strategic To accelerate the delivery of proven, low cost
Objective maternal and child health interventions by
strengthening community health delivery system
Intermediate Increased Increased Strengthened
Results community demand for performance and
engagement community sustainability of
with community preventive and the community
health delivery curative health delivery
system services system
Create a Improve Improve support to
conducive knowledge, attitu CHWs by the
Strategies
environment for des and practices Health Facility
the promotion of towards maternal Workers
community and child health
maternal and Reinforce the
child health Promote uptake knowledge and
of mutuelle skills of CHWs
membership
4. Where we started
• Original OR idea: to test different
motivation strategies (financial, non-
financial)
• New MOH CHW policy in May 2010
required projects to provide financial
incentives
• Suggestion to use mHealth but we decided
to choose an innovation to increase
community engagement with CHWs
• Together with MOH stakeholders we
decided to test community collaborative
approach to improve CHWs performance
and retention
5. What is the collaborative
approach?
• The collaborative approach is an experience
sharing process between a network of teams for
quality improvement (32 villages with their
Quality Improvement Teams in our case)
• QITs identify context-specific methods to
implement a model of specific interventions to
resolve their priority problems, and obtain
meaningful results at low cost and in a short time
• Best practices are identified through this process
and then scaled up in other villages
6. Where we started (2)
Why did we choose the collaborative approach?
• Linked with overall project strategy
• URC-CHS area of expertise
• We thought that the community-level collaborative
approach would improve community participation
leading to improved CHWs performance and
retention
• The collaborative approach has not been
rigorously tested at the community level
• We worked with our in-house research expert on
the concept paper and in September 2011 it was
approved
7. Where we are now
• Formative research completed in Dec 2011:
– Reorganized QIT membership
– Recognized the need to ensure adequate female
representation, all QITs are now 50% female
• Formative research results will be disseminated
during meetings with MOH staff and in the project
report
9. Challenges
• Harmonizing DIP and OR development
with MOH policies, project and USAID
objectives and project budget
• Lack of French guidance documents
• Motivation of non-CHW QIT members,
who do not receive financial incentives
• Baseline indicators level is higher in
control area than intervention area
• How to minimize bias between control
and intervention areas
10. Lessons learned
• When all the partners participate in
DIP and OR development, the
implementation is easy
• QIT members need close coaching to
better understand their roles and
continuous quality improvement
• Need to be creative to modify tools for
the community level
Original OR idea was to test different motivation financière versus motivation non financièreNew MOH CHW policy in May 2010 required project to provide financial incentives and therefore we could not conduct our researchThe MOH suggested that the use of the toll-free telephone network for CHW supervision and support was a promising avenue to explore but we decided to choose an innovation which was closer to our first topicTogether with The Director of Community Health and the director of maternal and child health for the Ministry of HealthWe decided to test community collaborative approach to improve CHWs performance and retention
For our OR, we have set up four collaboratives, each one including from six to nine villages. Each village has a QIT.Each of the collaborative has as topic one element of the National package of High Impact Interventions for the Reduction of Maternal, Neonatal and Child Mortality at community levelFamilial preventive health and WASHNewborn careInfant and young child nutritionCommunity Case Management of Malaria, diarrhea and ARI
We chose the collaborative approach for a few reasonsOne of PRISE-C’sintermediateresultsis: Increased engagement of the community with the community health delivery system
Nous sommes le premier projet à prendre l’enfant dans sa globalité et à appliquer toutes les directives du MS Nous mettons un accent particulier sur la priorisation des femmes pour réaliser l’approche genre, dans DAGLA, seulement 31% des relais de DAGLA sont femmes contre 52% pour SAO, il s’agit ici de la sante de l’enfant et en communauté, la personne la plus proche de l’enfant est la femme
We recently held the first learning session. In order to allow the community level QITs to fully understand their data, we have developed visual aids for indicator monitoring.Each indicator has a drawing to represent it. Here we have one indicator here: percentage of children from 0 to 59 months who sleep under netTrees represent indicator levels. In the last column there is a large tree bearing fruit, which represents 100%. We put the large tree in the last column to make the QIT understand that the large tree (100%) is the goal, and that they should be conducting activities which improve their indicators and make their trees grow towards the large tree.
We have had many challengesFor the DIP and OR development, we found that harmonizing the DIP and OR Development with MOH policies, project and USAID objectives and project budget can be a real challenge.Other challenges were the lack of french guidance documents from USAID. WE have to translate all the guidance documents which takes time and money. Motivation of non-CHW QIT members who don’t receive financial incentives. QIT members are really engaged and work with the CHWs to improve the indicators in the village, but they have not been included in the plans to receive financial motivation. We are considering different non-financial motivations to keep them engaged.The control and intervention zones were chosen at random, and baseline indicators in the control area are higher than the intervention area. We will take this into account in our analysis.It is difficult to limit bias between the 2 zones, for example UNICEF decided to train additional CHWs in our intervention zones, so we have to train additional CHWs in the control zone. But UNICEF is taking a long time to decide how many more CHWs and when the training will be, so we have to wait to see what they will do so that we can match it in the control zone.