05.11.21 Invited Talk to Symposium on Science and Technology in GEOSS Title: Cyberinfrastructure for Environmental Observations Seattle, WA

1. "Cyberinfrastructure for Environmental Observations" Invited Talk to Symposium on Science and Technology in GEOSS: The Role of Universities Hosted by Calit2@UCSD for the SIO Center for Earth Observations and Applications La Jolla, CA November 21, 2005 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

2. Vision for Creating an Integrated Interactive Information System for Earth Exploration Components of a Future Global System for Earth Observation (Sensor Web)

3. Major Obstacle: Trying to Do Global Earth Sciences On a Shared Internet Designed for Email and FTP Source: Glenn Iona, EOSDIS Element Evolution Technical Working Group January 6-7, 2005 Adding Several TBs per Day

4. Challenge: Average Throughput of NASA Data Products to End User is < 50 Mbps Tested October 2005 http://ensight.eos.nasa.gov/Missions/icesat/index.shtml Internet2 Backbone is 10,000 Mbps! Throughput is < 0.5% to End User

5. Dedicated Optical Channels Makes High Performance Cyberinfrastructure Possible Parallel Lambdas are Driving Optical Networking The Way Parallel Processors Drove 1990s Computing 10 Gbps per User ~ 200x Shared Internet Throughput ( WDM) Source: Steve Wallach, Chiaro Networks “ Lambdas”

6. National Lambda Rail (NLR) and TeraGrid Provides Cyberinfrastructure Backbone for U.S. Researchers San Francisco Pittsburgh Cleveland San Diego Los Angeles Portland Seattle Pensacola Baton Rouge Houston San Antonio Las Cruces / El Paso Phoenix New York City Washington, DC Raleigh Jacksonville Dallas Tulsa Atlanta Kansas City Denver Ogden/ Salt Lake City Boise Albuquerque UC-TeraGrid UIC/NW-Starlight Chicago International Collaborators NLR 4 x 10Gb Lambdas Initially Capable of 40 x 10Gb wavelengths at Buildout NSF’s TeraGrid Has 4 x 10Gb Lambda Backbone Links Two Dozen State and Regional Optical Networks DOE, NSF, & NASA Using NLR

8. Prototyping Cabled Ocean Observatories Enabling High Definition Video Exploration of Deep Sea Vents Source John Delaney & Deborah Kelley, UWash Canadian-U.S. Collaboration

9. A Near Future Metagenomics Fiber Optic Cable Observatory Source John Delaney, UWash

11. ROADnet and HiSeasNet are Prototypes of the Future of In Situ Earth Observing Systems http://roadnet.ucsd.edu

12. ROADNet Architecture: SensorNets, Storage Research Broker, Web Services, Work Flow Kepler Web Services SRB Antelope Frank Vernon, SIO; Tony Fountain, Ilkay Altintas, SDSC

13. Remote Observation of Episodic Events in Water-Based Ecological Systems Typhoon Yuan Yang Lake, Taiwan – August 2004 Part of a growing global lake observatory network - http://lakemetabolism.org Used by NSF Director Feb 2005 Source: Tim Kratz Supported by Moore Foundation Access can be difficult during the most interesting times Photo by Peter Arzberger, October 2004

17. NSF is Launching a New Cyberinfrastructure Initiative www.ctwatch.org “ Research is being stalled by ‘information overload,’ Mr. Bement said, because data from digital instruments are piling up far faster than researchers can study. In particular, he said, campus networks need to be improved. High-speed data lines crossing the nation are the equivalent of six-lane superhighways, he said. But networks at colleges and universities are not so capable. “Those massive conduits are reduced to two-lane roads at most college and university campuses,” he said. Improving cyberinfrastructure, he said, “will transform the capabilities of campus-based scientists.” -- Arden Bement, the director of the National Science Foundation

18. UCSD is Prototyping Campus-Scale On-Ramps to the National LambdaRail, TeraGrid, and GLIF SIO Ocean Supercomputer IBM Storage Cluster 2 Ten Gbps Campus Lambda Raceway Streaming Microscope Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC, Calit2 UCSD Campus LambdaStore Architecture Global LambdaGrid

19. Calit2/SDSC Direct Access Core Architecture Supporting Massive Instrumental Datasets Traditional User Response Request Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC, Calit2 Emerging Services Oriented Architecture Enabling Use of LambdaGrids + Web Services Flat File Server Farm W E B PORTAL Dedicated Compute Farm (100s of CPUs) TeraGrid: Cyberinfrastructure Backplane (scheduled activities, e.g. all by all comparison) (10000s of CPUs) Web (other service) Local Cluster Local Environment Direct Access Lambda Cnxns OptIPuter Cluster Cloud Data- Base Farm 10 GigE Fabric

20. Tiled Walls for Interactive Exploration of Large Earth Sciences Data Sets With Integration of Streaming High Resolution Video Calit2@UCI Apple Tiled Display Wall Driven by 25 Dual-Processor G5s 50 Apple 30” Cinema Displays 200 Million Pixels of Viewing Real Estate! Source: Falko Kuester, Calit2@UCI NSF Infrastructure Grant Data—One Foot Resolution USGS Images of La Jolla, CA HDTV Digital Cameras Digital Cinema

21. Combining Telepresence with Remote Interactive Analysis of Earth Sciences Data Over NLR HDTV Over Lambda OptIPuter Visualized Data SIO/UCSD NASA Goddard http://www.calit2.net/articles/article.php?id=660 August 8, 2005