Ilian Iliev, CEO, CambridgeIP presented on the role of IP in accelerating innovation and diffusion of renewable energy technologies at the UK Energy Day: Sustainable Supply event held at London Metropolitan University, UK, on 11 April 2011. If you would like a copy of the presentation, please write to us at info@cambridgeip.com

1. CambridgeIP
The role of IP in accelerating innovation and diffusion
of renewable energy technologies: business practices
and policy options
UK Energy Day: Sustainable Supply
Centre for International Business and Sustainability
London Metropolitan University, London
11 April 2011
Ilian Iliev, CEO
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

2. Outline
• CambridgeIP‟s work in renewable energy
• Primer on IP, innovation and tech. diffusion
• IP and cleantech
• Policy options
2

3. CambridgeIP - a provider of actionable patent-based
technology intelligence
• IP Landscape® informing IP, R&D and investment strategy:
– Our global IP databases, proprietary methodologies and consulting provide unique
patent landscape coverage, highlighting technology “white space” and informing your
own FTO due diligence efforts
• Competitive intelligence:
– Database-driven analysis and custom reporting on who the competitors are, where they
are located, when they became active and who they are partnered with
• Identify prospective partners, acquisitions, clients:
– Information on top corporate, university and governmental partner/acquisition candidates
operating in your area of interest, or could leverage your technologies
• Technology foresight:
– Foresight on emerging technology patterns, technology hotspots and investment strategy
• CambridgeIP‟s technology platforms
– www.boliven.com Industry leading patent search platform
– IP Landscape® report standard
– Proprietary software analytics and workflow platform
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

4. CambridgeIP and open innovation
 Fact-based technology intelligence through science literature analysis and expert
interviews Identify key players
 Identify key players, R&D relationships and their intensity
 Find relevant technology examples, diagrams and descriptions
 Understand trends by technology, geography, application and
other factors
 Confirm freedom to operate and identify expired/abandoned patents
 Inform IP and technology valuations
 Expert partnering, M&A and IP acquisition advice and contacts derived in over 120 major
technology scouting and technology mapping projects
 Expert in decomposing products into their component parts and identifying technology ownership,
overlapping technology areas and cross-over technologies
 Rapid identification of IP-related strengths and weaknesses that can be exploited/plugged with
open innovation techniques
 Our understanding of the technology trends and activity of key players helps inform your open
innovation and partnering strategy
 Due diligence on external partners and technologies
 CxO compatible materials, workshops and seminars
 Accelerating internal communication
 Facilitating effective technology transfer
Which technology components are you ready to license out? Which
ones should you acquire?
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

5. Selected team members
Quentin Tannock Ilian Iliev Dr Robert Brady Mark Meyer Ralph Poole Vladimir Yossifov
Chairman & co-founder CEO & co-founder Non-Exec Director Business Development Boston Geneva Representative
Manager Representative
North America
Arthur Lallement Helena van der Merwe Dr Phil Coldrick
Sarah Helm Yanjun Zhao
Senior Associate Senior Associate Associate Consultant
Senior Associate Associate
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

6. IP Landscape ® reports: informing IP, R&D and
investment strategy
CambridgeIP‟s IP Landscape® report standard Inventor and collaborator networks
informs:
• IP strategy development and execution
• Development of Freedom to Operate (FTO) and White Space
analyses
• Investors‟ due diligence and strategic overview of a space
• Identify prior art in a space
Decomposition of complex products and processes drives an intelligent
patent research program
Needle Free Pen Shape Electronic Prior art analysis helps identify key IP risks in a space
injector AutoInjector
Disposable x x
Cartridge x x x
Drug Mixing x x x
Single dose x x x
Multi Dose x x
Needle x x x
Retractable x x x Drug reconstitution
Shield x x x
Piston x x x
Spring x x x
High Pressure x x x Design
Pump x x x
Air Jet x
Display x x x
LCD Screen x x x
Mechanical x x x
Auto-Activation x x x Electronic
Mechanic x x x
Sensor x x x
Data Storage x x x
Mechanic x x x
Electronic x x x
Dose control x x x
Mechanic x x x
Electronic
6 x x x
Needle Monitoring © 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

7. Cleantech and energy focus areas
Wind Energy Nano Devices
Fuel Cells
Systems & Materials
Advanced
GeoThermal
Biomass Refrigeration
Energy
Systems
Clean Coal
Photovoltaic & Carbon Capture
Component CO2-EOR Refineries,
Technologies Power Gen,
Marine Co-Gen.
Concentrated Transport
Consortia &
Solar & Other
Smart Research
Energy Storage
Grid Alliances
Systems
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

8. Outline
• CambridgeIP‟s work in renewable energy
• Primer on IP, innovation and tech. diffusion
• IP and cleantech
• Policy options
8
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

9. Types of IPRs
A modern and complex technology product is protected by
different forms of IPRs
Patents: ability to prevent others from
using your technology
e.g. patents around turbine
transmission systems
Trade secrets: non-disclosed and
commercially valuable information
e.g. production or installation
methods
Trademark: protection of the
word/symbol denoting the origin of a
good
Copyright: protecting the form of
expression
e.g. control software written by/on
behalf of company
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

10. IPRs as a way of promoting innovation
• IPRs are a state-created mechanism allowing inventors to capture a
return on their investment by giving them the rights to decide how
their invention will be used
• At the heart of IPRs is a trade-off between static efficiency (best
use of today‟s knowledge) and dynamic efficiency (creating
tomorrow‟s knowledge)
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11. Close relation between IPRs and R&D financing
• Various studies have shown a relationship between levels of R&D
and inventiveness and patenting trends
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

12. How are IPRs used in practice?
The IPR mechanism/arrangement used at each part of the technology innovation chain can
determine next stage options for technology transfer/diffusion
The full range of stakeholders have an influence on how IPRs are used, from investors to
competitors to governments
Product
R&D/commercialis
In-house
ation Channel
Choice of
Collabo-
ration
Services
Licensing
Licence
Spin-off
Role of IPRs in Each Part of Innovation Chain
Multiple business models and ways of using IPRs, depending on industry history,
? ? ? ? ? ?
economics, inherited business models, norms, etc.
Investors/Shareholders
Value Chain Partners/Collaborators
Competitors © 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved.
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

13. Patent pools and technology standards
Patent pools and technology standard bodies are a powerful mechanism
for accelerated technology deployment and innovation:
•Decreased risk of litigation
•Savings from duplication of R&D effort/building on others‟ mistakes
•Decreased barriers to entry for newcomers
•Specialisation and value chain diversification
•Unexpected and novel uses of technology
• Patent pool backed technology standard, started by leading
ETSI telecom equipment manufacturers and operators
• Resulted in mass diffusion of GSM/GPRS/3G standards
• Holders of patents on new ARV drugs and related technologies may
license their rights, in exchange for royalties
Unitaid Patent Pool
• Allows generic companies to combine multiple drugs in a pill
(Fixed Dose Combinations)
• Voluntary patent pool scheme
WBCSD’s Patent
• Royalty-free access to contributed patents
Commons • MNEs and governments donate patents into the patent pool
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

14. „Alternatives‟ to IPRs to incentivize innovation: innovation
prizes
Innovation prizes are gathering increasing interest from the public
and private sector as an „alternative‟ mechanism for
generating solutions to major technology problems
Examples: X-Prize, Innocentive, NASA
Open innovation is a widely adopted corporate approach to
sourcing technology outside of the in-house R&D, and sharing
technologies more widely
Examples: IBM patent licensing support of open source, Unilever open
innovation program
Open source : peer-based production, free use in exchange for sharing of
improvements; protected by GPL
Extremely successful in the software industry, backed by IBM and other computer
and telecom industry giants
14
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

15. Outline
• CambridgeIP‟s work in renewable energy
• Primer on IP, innovation and tech. diffusion
• IP and cleantech
– Overall patenting trends
– Wind energy case
– Renewables and water treatment
• Policy options
15
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

16. IPRs and cleantech: increasingly complex and rapidly
maturing environment
Different studies all show accelerated patenting in low-carbon energy
technologies
16
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

17. …accompanied by accelerated deployment of
technology in the market place
Wind Solar PV
25000 1600 Annual PV shipments
Annual Wind shipments 4500 1600
Annual patents
Annual PV shipments (MWp)
Annual patents 4000
1400 1400
Additional installed capacity (MW)
20000 3500
Patent filings
1200 1200
3000
Patent filings
1000
15000 1000 2500
800
800 2000
600
10000
600 1500
1000 400
400
5000 500 200
200 0 0
0 0
6
8
0
2
4
6
8
0
2
4
6
8
0
2
4
6
197
197
198
198
198
198
198
199
199
199
199
199
200
200
200
200
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
199
199
199
199
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
Hence an increased need and urgency to understand the role of IPRs
in technology development and transfer of climate-related
technologies, and implications for policy makers
Source: CambridgeIP – Chatham House (2009) „Who Owns Our Low-Carbon Future‟
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

18. Case study: wind energy technology
• Wind is projected to continue significant growth
over the next two decades
• The wind energy industry has already seen
significant levels of patenting... and patent
litigation
– GE – Enercon (1997; 2004)
– Enercon – Vestas (2006)
– GE – Mitsubishi (2009)
• Technology ownership was a key driver behind
key M&A
Wind Energy - Low-Carbon Energy Average (6 fields): 1976-2007
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
6 Fie lds - Ave rage Wind
© 2011 CambridgeIP. All rights reserved..
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

19. Wind energy: a detailed look
Wind turbines
are complex
technology
systems
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

20. Wind energy: key components and applications
Wind Energy: Composition by Technology Components
and Application Areas
Components or 7 ,000
application level 6,000
5,000
analysis can help
4,000
us identify core 3,000
areas of 2,000
1 ,000
innovation, or
0
where new
or
gs
d
e
s
n
te
activities are
ag
in
at
em
ai
la
/W
er
or
Tr
re
st
en
st
Sy
e
e
re
G
ad
riv
gy
emerging
ho
ol
er
Bl
D
tr
ffs
En
&
on
O
ox
/C
rb
e
ar
ea
ftw
G
So
© 2009
There are significant overlaps between
some of these sub-spaces: revealing
patents with multiple or systems-level
claims
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

21. Top assignees: overall and by technology component
Technology ownership of value chain can differ from market share: showing underlying
composition of industry value chain
Gearbox & Drive Train
Generator
Wind - Overall Field Assignees # Patents
Assignees # Patents
Assignees # Patents GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 116
ENERCON 227
ENERCON 612 VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS A/S 95
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 213
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 525 ENERCON 81
MITSUBISHI 125
VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS A/S 316 NTN CORP 76
HITACHI LTD 90
MITSUBISHI 239 HANSEN TRANSMISSIONS INTERNATIONAL 53
VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS A/S 80
LM GLASFIBER A/S 171
Blade/Wings
Assignees # Patents
ENERCON 318
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 283
VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS A/S 208
LM GLASFIBER A/S 159
MITSUBISHI 83
Energy storage
Assignees # Patents
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 41
ABB AB 22
VRB POWER SYSTEMS INC 19
HITACHI LTD 18
CANON KK 8
Software/Control Systems
Offshore related Assignees # Patents
Assignees # Patents GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 52
ENERCON 43 ABB AB 47
AERODYN ENGINEERING GMBH 36 VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS A/S 17
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 29 SIEMENS 16
ABB AB 19 REPOWER SYSTEMS AG 10
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VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS A/S 18 © 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

22. Renewable energy and water treatment
technology 2
Renewable energy sources are also used to
drive energy intensive industrial processes,
such as water treatment
• E.g. most desalination plants today use
fossil fuels, such as coal, diesel; or use
energy from the grid
• New technologies mean that desalination
can be driven by low-carbon energy, and
frequently this will be off-grid
22
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

23. Renewable energy and water treatment
technology 2
Renewable energy can be integrated directly to drive water treatment
processes, or indirectly via electricity generation.
Thermal
ENERGY STORAGE?
Geothermal Energy
Thermal
Driven
Electricity Technologies
Thermal
Concentrated
Energy
Renewable Energy
Solar Thermal
Solar
Electricity
Electrically
PV Driven
Thermal
waste heat Technologies
Wind Electricity
Pressure Pressure
Driven
Technologies
Wave Electricity
23
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

24. Case study: solar and desalination (SwissINSO –
Krystall)
• Krystall Technology developed by SwissINSO
• Uses solar PV for desalination of brackish water and water
purification
• Installed in several locations in Africa
• Up to 50,000 m3 p.day of water output
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

25. Case study: solar and desalination: IBM and KACST
- UHCPV
• IBM and the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology
(KACST), Saudi Arabia‟s national research and development
organization,
• Research collaboration aimed at creating a water desalination
plant powered by solar electricity, which could significantly
reduce water and energy cost.
• Technology: plants with Ultra High Concentrated Photovoltaic
(UHCPV)
25
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

26. Outline
• CambridgeIP‟s work in renewable energy
• Primer on IP, innovation and tech. diffusion
• IP and cleantech
• Policy options
26
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

27. Policy options around renewable energy and IP
• Most policy options related to IP are around facilitating
private sector investment and technology, such as:
– Fast-tracking patent filings
– Improved access to patent information for developing countries
– Support establishment of patent pools
– Support capacity building
– University – industry tech. transfer
• Important that any policy measures should be developed
in the context of industry-specific factors
27
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

28. One example: steps to identifying appropriate IPR
tools for different technologies
Some examples of specific technologies that may be appropriate for patent
pool or technology standard arrangements
Tech. field Location within technology Possible IP measures
system
Solar power Underlying technologies/production Cross-license agreement, similar to
processes (e.g. in nanotech) semi-conductors
Cleaner coal High-end IGCC technology Cross-license and technology
standards, allowing entry of larger
number of suppliers
Wind energy Transmission systems, energy storage Technology standards, allowing
component interoperability and
retrofitting of key components
Smart grid Transmission protocols Technology standards, similar to ETSI
(initiatives already underway)
Smart meters Inter-operability, common interfaces with Technology standards (initiatives
appliances already underway)
28
© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved

29. …and finally…
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and technology strategy insights
Thank You !
Ilian Iliev, CEO
E-mail: ilian.iliev@cambridgeip.com
GSM: 077 863 73965
Tel: +44 1223 778 846
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© 2011 Cambridge Intellectual Property Ltd. All rights reserved