1. Gradle
next generation of build tools
Игорь Хотинь
E-mail: khotin@gmx.com

2. Background
● 11+ лет в IT-индустрии
● 6+ лет с Java
● Сторонник гибкого дизайна
● Agile-практик

3. Что мы используем?
● Ant?
● Maven?
● Gradle?
● ...

4. Что нас беспокоит?
● Тяжёлые билды
● Долгие циклы интеграции
● Поддержка билд-проектов
● ...

5. Как это было раньше?

6. Выбить перфокарты...

7. Принести оператору

8. Подождать результат

9. Забрать распечатки

10. Отладка?

11. 1977 – make

12. 2000

13. ant Сложность
повторное использование
тяжёлые build.xml
контроль циклов сборки

14. 2001

15. maven тяжёлые pom.xml
Сложно переопределить
поведение по-умолчанию
convention over configuration
dependency management
lost of control

16. Gradle вчера
● Hans Dockter – основатель
● Еволюция идей Gant
● Начало 2008 – первые версии
● Серия стабильных pre-1.0 релизов
● 2010 Springy Innovation Award

17. Gradle сегодня
● Релиз 1.0 milestone-3 stable
● Активное сообщество
● Gradleware
● Apache License, Version 2.0

18. Gradle in the wild
Qi4j
Groovy Carrier Aluminum
Grails Zeppelin GmhH
Canoo Spock
FCC Griffon
EADS
GPars
Hibernate
Gaelyk Spring-Security
Gant
Spring-Integration

19. Who is that Gradle?
● Build integration tool
● Declarative builds
● Groovy-based build DSL
● Build-by-convention

20. Who is that Gradle?
● Scalable – multi-project builds
● Dependency management
● Ease of migration
● Embeddable
● Deep API

21. Gradle positioning

22. Hello Gradle
build.gradle
task hello << {
println 'Hello world!'
}
> gradle -q hello
Hello Gradle!

23. gradle task != ant task
gradle task == ant target

24. Groovy в Gradle
build.gradle
task count << {
4.times { print "$it " }
}
> gradle -q count
0 1 2 3

25. Dependencies
build.gradle
task hello << {
println 'Hello world!'
}
task count(dependsOn: hello) << {
4.times { print "$it " }
}
> gradle -q count
Hello world!
0 1 2 3

26. Lazy dependencies
build.gradle
task hello(dependsOn: 'lazy') << {
println 'Hello world!'
}
task lazy << {
println 'so lazy...'
}
> gradle -q hello
so lazy...
Hello world!

27. Java Plugin
build.gradle
apply plugin: 'java'
> gradle build
...

28. Java build-cycle customization
build.gradle
apply plugin: 'java'
test.doFirst {
println 'Before testing...'
}
test.doLast {
println '...after testing.'
}

29. Repos
build.gradle
apply plugin: 'java'
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile group: 'commons-collections', name:
'commons-collections', version: '3.2'
testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit',
version: '4.+'
}

30. Ant
build.gradle
ant.importBuild 'build.xml'
task ant << {
ant.echo(message: 'hello from Ant')
ant.zip(destfile: 'archive.zip') {
fileset(dir: 'src') {
include(name: '**.xml')
exclude(name: '**.java')
}
}
}

31. Gradle завтра
● Сентябрь 2011 - 1.0 RC-1
● Ожидаем релиз 1.0 к концу 2012
● Более тесная интеграция с maven
● Build aggregation
● Gradle daemon
● Gradle 1.0 Plugin System
● Archetypes?

32. Apache Ant vs. Apache Maven vs. Gradle

33. ant
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project name="simple" default="dist" basedir=".">
<property name="src" location="src/main/java"/>
<property name="srcTest" location="src/test/java"/>
<property name="build" location="build"/>
<property name="dist" location="${build}/lib"/>
<property name="version" value="1.0-SNAPSHOT" />
<path id="classpath.compile">
<pathelement location="libs/commons-lang-2.5.jar"/>
</path>
<path id="classpath.test">
<pathelement location="libs/junit-4.8.2.jar"/>
<pathelement location="libs/commons-lang-2.5.jar"/>
<pathelement location="${srcTest}"/>
<pathelement location="${build}/classes"/>
<pathelement location="${build}/test-classes"/>
</path>
...

34. ant
...
<target name="init">
<mkdir dir="${build}/classes"/>
<mkdir dir="${build}/test-classes"/>
</target>
<target name="compile" depends="init">
<javac srcdir="${src}" destdir="${build}/classes">
<classpath refid="classpath.compile"/>
</javac>
</target>
<target name="testCompile" depends="compile">
<javac srcdir="${srcTest}" destdir="${build}/test-classes">
<classpath refid="classpath.test"/>
</javac>
</target>
...

35. ant
...
<target name="test" depends="testCompile">
<junit fork="yes" haltonfailure="yes">
<batchtest fork="yes">
<fileset dir="${srcTest}">
<include name="**/*Test.java"/>
</fileset>
</batchtest>
<classpath refid="classpath.test"/>
<formatter type="plain"/>
</junit>
</target>
<target name="dist" depends="test">
<mkdir dir="${dist}"/>
<jar jarfile="${dist}/coc-comparison-${version}.jar"
basedir="${build}/classes"/>
</target>
<target name="clean"><delete dir="${build}"/></target>
</project>

36. maven
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>grId</groupId>
<artifactId>coc-comparison</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
...

37. maven
...
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

38. gradle
apply plugin: 'java'
version="1.0-SNAPSHOT"
group="grId"
archivesBaseName="coc-comparison"
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile 'commons-lang:commons-lang:2.5'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.8.1'
}

40. Ресурсы
● www.gradle.org
● groovy.codehaus.org
● ant.apache.org/ivy

41. Контакты
E-mail: khotin@gmx.com
Blog: www.ikhotin.com
Twitter: chaostarter
linkedin.com/pub/igor-khotin/5/193/257

42. Вопросы?