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The
Air
We
Breathe
             A
Public
Health
Dialogue



Presented
by
Nuntavarn
Vichit‐Vadakan,
Dr.P.H.
Presented
at
Hong
Kong
Conven@on
and
Exhibi@on
Centre,
Hong
Kong
January
9,
2009
How
has
Bangkok
used
public
health
 informa8on
in
formula8ng
policy
for
be:er
air
 quality?
                                 • Phasing
out
leaded
gasoline

• Phasing
out
leaded
  gasoline
                                               Policy Maker
• Mi@ga@on
measures
for                                PH
  par@culate
maMer                                Information

                                                   (World-wide
                                                     Studies)
                             Government                          Community
                               Sector

     Dr. Wasi’s Policy development model “Triangle that moves the mountain”
Blood Lead Levels in Thai Population
                                                   1980 -1996
                    35                          Gasoline lead content
                                .84             .45          .40    Complete phase out
                    30
Pb Levels (ug/dl)




                    25
                                                                                                    Adults
                                                                                                    Children
                    20
                                                                                                    bus driver
                                                                                                    police men
                    15
                                                                                                    cord blood
                              Threshold level
                    10

                     5

                     0
                         80     82      84      86   88     90     92    94     96       98   100

                                                            Year
Current State and Trends of the Air Quality in BKK
                      PM10




    Annual standard 50 µg/m3
Mi8ga8on
measures
for
par8culate
ma:er


                                  Policy Maker
           PH
      Information                                                Policy
(BMA Commissioned study )
         1996



              Government                            Community
                Sector




         Dr. Wasi’s Policy development model “Triangle that moves the mountain”
Comparison
of
PM10
Health
Effects
in
Bangkok
                 (Mortality)
                                RR per 10 ug/m3 PM
10                Annual
                                                                    PM10
Level
                                                                     (ug/m3)

                        All
Causes   Cardiovascular   Respiratory

Vichit‐Vadakan
et.al,
(1992
to
1995)
                        1.0
%          3.0%            1.6%            65

Vichit‐Vadakan
et.al,(PAPA)
                        1.3%           1.9%            1.0%            52
(1999
–
2003)
Drivers for Policy Development:
                Better Air Quality

                           Policy Maker
                               Economics




                         • Economics
                         • Technological Feasibility
                         • Health



Government Sector                                      Community
Technological Feasibility                                Health



 Dr. Wasi’s Policy development model “Triangle that moves the mountain”

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Civic Exchange 2009 The Air We Breathe Conference - The Bangkok Experience

  • 1. The
Air
We
Breathe A
Public
Health
Dialogue Presented
by Nuntavarn
Vichit‐Vadakan,
Dr.P.H. Presented
at Hong
Kong
Conven@on
and
Exhibi@on
Centre,
Hong
Kong January
9,
2009
  • 2. How
has
Bangkok
used
public
health informa8on
in
formula8ng
policy
for
be:er
air quality? • Phasing
out
leaded
gasoline • Phasing
out
leaded gasoline Policy Maker • Mi@ga@on
measures
for PH par@culate
maMer Information (World-wide Studies) Government Community Sector Dr. Wasi’s Policy development model “Triangle that moves the mountain”
  • 3. Blood Lead Levels in Thai Population 1980 -1996 35 Gasoline lead content .84 .45 .40 Complete phase out 30 Pb Levels (ug/dl) 25 Adults Children 20 bus driver police men 15 cord blood Threshold level 10 5 0 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 Year
  • 4. Current State and Trends of the Air Quality in BKK PM10 Annual standard 50 µg/m3
  • 5. Mi8ga8on
measures
for
par8culate
ma:er Policy Maker PH Information Policy (BMA Commissioned study ) 1996 Government Community Sector Dr. Wasi’s Policy development model “Triangle that moves the mountain”
  • 6. Comparison
of
PM10
Health
Effects
in
Bangkok (Mortality) RR per 10 ug/m3 PM
10 Annual PM10
Level (ug/m3) All
Causes Cardiovascular Respiratory Vichit‐Vadakan
et.al, (1992
to
1995) 1.0
% 3.0% 1.6% 65 Vichit‐Vadakan et.al,(PAPA) 1.3% 1.9% 1.0% 52 (1999
–
2003)
  • 7. Drivers for Policy Development: Better Air Quality Policy Maker Economics • Economics • Technological Feasibility • Health Government Sector Community Technological Feasibility Health Dr. Wasi’s Policy development model “Triangle that moves the mountain”