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Fire and Life Safety:
Notification and Emergency
Communication Systems
1. The audience will understand applicable sections of the 2013
edition of NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code.
2. Attendees will learn the design criteria for emergency
communications systems (ECS).
3. Viewers will understand the factors required to be considered
when designing mass notification systems (MNS), a subset of
emergency notification.
4. Viewers will learn how to apply (and subsequently specify)
available notification technologies in ECS and MNS applications.
Learning Objectives
Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED
AP, Arup, Washington, D.C.
Moderator: Jack Smith,
Consulting-Specifying Engineer
and CFE Media, LLC
Presenters:
Sponsored by:
Fire and Life Safety:
Notification and Emergency
Communication Systems
Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED AP
Principal
Arup
Agenda
• ECS in the context of NFPA 72
• Overview of NFPA 72 requirement for
designing ECS and risk analysis required
• Key considerations for the analysis
• Design features driven by the risk analysis
• NFPA 72 requirements for notification
appliances
Chapter 24 – Emergency Communications
Systems Addressed
• 24.4 One-way ECS
– 24.4.2 In-building Fire EVACS
– 24.4.3 In-building MNS
– 24.4.4 Wide-area MNS
– 24.4.5 Distributed Recipient MNS
• 24.5 Two-way ECS
– 24.5.1 Two-way in-building wired
– 24.5.2 Two-way radio enhancement
– 24.5.3 Area of refuge ECS
– 24.5.4 Elevator ECS
Why Risk Analysis in NFPA 72?
• Incorporated into the Scope for ECS TC
• Recognizes that emergency
communications need to be designed to be:
– Specific to the facilities and hazards
– Coordinated with the emergency response plan
• Prescriptive requirements can not address
all situations
What is a risk analysis?
• In the context of NFPA 72:
– 3.3.246 Risk Analysis. A process to
characterize the
likelihood, vulnerability, and magnitude
of incidents associated with
natural, technological, and manmade
disasters and other emergencies that
address scenarios of concern, their
probability, and their potential
consequences.
Risk Analysis vs. Emergency Response Plan
NFPA 72 Definition
• 3.3.93 Emergency Response Plan.
A documented set of actions to address
response to natural, technological, and man-
made disasters and other emergencies
prepared by the stakeholders from
information obtained during the risk analysis.
New to the 2013 Edition
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
• When other signals
need to take priority
over fire
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
• Determination of pathway survivability for ECS
circuits when not specifically defined in NFPA 72
– MNS circuits may have a different level of survivability
than circuits required for fire emergencies
24.3 ECS – General Requirements
2016 Proposed Change to Survivability
for Fire EVAC
• Two new exceptions
– Level 1 survivability shall be permitted if
the building construction is less than 2
hour rated
– Circuits required to be survivable are
Class X and the runs are separated by
at least 1/3 the diagonal of the
notification zone through which they are
passing
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
• When providing a mass notification
system (MNS)
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
2016 Proposed Changes
• 24.3.11.2 The detail and complexity of the risk
analysis shall be commensurate with the
complexity of the facility for which the mass
notification system is designed.
• 24.3.11.3 The risk analysis shall be permitted
to be limited in scope to address the
communication requirements of an existing
emergency response plan.
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
• 24.4.3 In-Building Mass Notification
Systems
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
• 24.4.4 Wide-Area Mass Notification
When is a Risk Analysis Required?
• 24.6 Information, Command and Control
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
Tools for the Risk Analysis
• A.24.3.11.1
Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
Emergency Response Plan
• Emergency response team structure
• Emergency response procedures
– Related to building system emergencies,
– Personnel/occupant emergencies
– Terrorism
– Events of nature
• Emergency response equipment
• Notification/communication
– Message content
– Authority to communicate
– Initiation procedure
• Emergency response training and drills
Design Considerations
• Management/
staff capabilities
• Extent of
notification
• Coordination
with the
emergency
response plan
MNS Design Features driven by Risk
Analysis
• Capability for remote operation
• Definition of notification zones
• Survivability of speaker circuits
• Priority of signals and messages
(MNS versus fire)
MNS Design Features driven by Risk
Analysis
• Inclusion of devices to automatically
activate MNS notification (i.e. CBRN)
• Type, location and security of control
and interface equipment
• Control of other building systems
(i.e., elevators, HVAC, security, proce
ss, etc.)
• Need for wide area MNS
MNS Design Features driven by
Risk Analysis
Framework for Risk Analysis
I. Project description
II. Goals and purpose of MNS (user
driven)
III. Expected characteristics of the
occupants and management
IV.Occupancy/use characteristics
V. Anticipated events presenting a risk
VI. Design features required to address
events presenting a risk
Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances
• 18.4.1.4.1 – Designer required to identify rooms and
spaces requiring audible notification
• 18.4.1.4.2 – Only requires audible devices in occupiable
areas
• 18.4.1.4.3 – Requires the designer to document the sound
pressure levels required to be produced
• 18.5.2 – Requires documentation of visual appliances
Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances
• Designing for Intelligibility
• Designing for Intelligibility
Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances
• 18.4.10.2.1 – Specifically states that
intelligibility is not required in every ADS
(Acoustically Distinguishable Space)
• 2010 Edition of 72 incorporated the
requirement that the designer identify
ADSs
ADS Example
Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances
• Table 18.5.5.4.1 (a) – Revised to
delete the column for installations
using two lights per room on opposite
walls
Sponsored by:
Thank you!
Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED AP
Principal
Arup
1120 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 200
Washington, DC 20036
Ray.Grill@arup.com
Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED
AP, Arup, Washington, D.C.
Moderator: Jack Smith,
Consulting-Specifying Engineer
and CFE Media, LLC
Presenters:
Fire and Life Safety:
Notification and Emergency
Communication Systems

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Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems

  • 1. Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems
  • 2. 1. The audience will understand applicable sections of the 2013 edition of NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code. 2. Attendees will learn the design criteria for emergency communications systems (ECS). 3. Viewers will understand the factors required to be considered when designing mass notification systems (MNS), a subset of emergency notification. 4. Viewers will learn how to apply (and subsequently specify) available notification technologies in ECS and MNS applications. Learning Objectives
  • 3. Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED AP, Arup, Washington, D.C. Moderator: Jack Smith, Consulting-Specifying Engineer and CFE Media, LLC Presenters:
  • 4. Sponsored by: Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED AP Principal Arup
  • 5. Agenda • ECS in the context of NFPA 72 • Overview of NFPA 72 requirement for designing ECS and risk analysis required • Key considerations for the analysis • Design features driven by the risk analysis • NFPA 72 requirements for notification appliances
  • 6. Chapter 24 – Emergency Communications
  • 7. Systems Addressed • 24.4 One-way ECS – 24.4.2 In-building Fire EVACS – 24.4.3 In-building MNS – 24.4.4 Wide-area MNS – 24.4.5 Distributed Recipient MNS • 24.5 Two-way ECS – 24.5.1 Two-way in-building wired – 24.5.2 Two-way radio enhancement – 24.5.3 Area of refuge ECS – 24.5.4 Elevator ECS
  • 8. Why Risk Analysis in NFPA 72? • Incorporated into the Scope for ECS TC • Recognizes that emergency communications need to be designed to be: – Specific to the facilities and hazards – Coordinated with the emergency response plan • Prescriptive requirements can not address all situations
  • 9. What is a risk analysis? • In the context of NFPA 72: – 3.3.246 Risk Analysis. A process to characterize the likelihood, vulnerability, and magnitude of incidents associated with natural, technological, and manmade disasters and other emergencies that address scenarios of concern, their probability, and their potential consequences.
  • 10. Risk Analysis vs. Emergency Response Plan NFPA 72 Definition • 3.3.93 Emergency Response Plan. A documented set of actions to address response to natural, technological, and man- made disasters and other emergencies prepared by the stakeholders from information obtained during the risk analysis.
  • 11. New to the 2013 Edition
  • 12. When is a Risk Analysis Required? • When other signals need to take priority over fire
  • 13. When is a Risk Analysis Required? • Determination of pathway survivability for ECS circuits when not specifically defined in NFPA 72 – MNS circuits may have a different level of survivability than circuits required for fire emergencies 24.3 ECS – General Requirements
  • 14. 2016 Proposed Change to Survivability for Fire EVAC • Two new exceptions – Level 1 survivability shall be permitted if the building construction is less than 2 hour rated – Circuits required to be survivable are Class X and the runs are separated by at least 1/3 the diagonal of the notification zone through which they are passing
  • 15. When is a Risk Analysis Required? • When providing a mass notification system (MNS)
  • 18. 2016 Proposed Changes • 24.3.11.2 The detail and complexity of the risk analysis shall be commensurate with the complexity of the facility for which the mass notification system is designed. • 24.3.11.3 The risk analysis shall be permitted to be limited in scope to address the communication requirements of an existing emergency response plan.
  • 19. When is a Risk Analysis Required? • 24.4.3 In-Building Mass Notification Systems
  • 20. When is a Risk Analysis Required?
  • 21. When is a Risk Analysis Required? • 24.4.4 Wide-Area Mass Notification
  • 22. When is a Risk Analysis Required? • 24.6 Information, Command and Control
  • 27. Tools for the Risk Analysis • A.24.3.11.1
  • 29. Emergency Response Plan • Emergency response team structure • Emergency response procedures – Related to building system emergencies, – Personnel/occupant emergencies – Terrorism – Events of nature • Emergency response equipment • Notification/communication – Message content – Authority to communicate – Initiation procedure • Emergency response training and drills
  • 30. Design Considerations • Management/ staff capabilities • Extent of notification • Coordination with the emergency response plan
  • 31. MNS Design Features driven by Risk Analysis • Capability for remote operation • Definition of notification zones • Survivability of speaker circuits • Priority of signals and messages (MNS versus fire)
  • 32. MNS Design Features driven by Risk Analysis • Inclusion of devices to automatically activate MNS notification (i.e. CBRN) • Type, location and security of control and interface equipment • Control of other building systems (i.e., elevators, HVAC, security, proce ss, etc.) • Need for wide area MNS
  • 33. MNS Design Features driven by Risk Analysis
  • 34. Framework for Risk Analysis I. Project description II. Goals and purpose of MNS (user driven) III. Expected characteristics of the occupants and management IV.Occupancy/use characteristics V. Anticipated events presenting a risk VI. Design features required to address events presenting a risk
  • 35. Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances • 18.4.1.4.1 – Designer required to identify rooms and spaces requiring audible notification • 18.4.1.4.2 – Only requires audible devices in occupiable areas • 18.4.1.4.3 – Requires the designer to document the sound pressure levels required to be produced • 18.5.2 – Requires documentation of visual appliances
  • 36. Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances • Designing for Intelligibility
  • 37. • Designing for Intelligibility
  • 38. Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances • 18.4.10.2.1 – Specifically states that intelligibility is not required in every ADS (Acoustically Distinguishable Space) • 2010 Edition of 72 incorporated the requirement that the designer identify ADSs
  • 40. Chapter 18 – Notification Appliances • Table 18.5.5.4.1 (a) – Revised to delete the column for installations using two lights per room on opposite walls
  • 41. Sponsored by: Thank you! Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED AP Principal Arup 1120 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 200 Washington, DC 20036 Ray.Grill@arup.com
  • 42. Ray Grill, PE, FSFPE, LEED AP, Arup, Washington, D.C. Moderator: Jack Smith, Consulting-Specifying Engineer and CFE Media, LLC Presenters:
  • 43. Fire and Life Safety: Notification and Emergency Communication Systems

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Fire EVACS can also provide MNS.
  2. Kowloon Station Development Mega Tower – 107 stories (480 m)
  3. Change in philosophy proposed for the 2016 edition. The Emergency Communication Systems Technical Committee met Sept. 9=11, 2013 in St. Louis and approved a number of public inputs addressing Risk Analysis. Risk analysis will be required to be commensurate to the complexity of the facility that the MNS is being designed for.The MNS can be designed to meet the emergency communication needs of an existing Emergency Response plan.
  4. Clarify when it is required in the first place.