Importance of business registers for the reduction of informal activities in a given economy declan gaeney
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Importance of business registers for the reduction of informal activities in a given economy declan gaeney
- 2. ECRF working group • Axel Forstmann, Germany • Rolf Koenig, Germany • Celia Johnston, Germany • Rico Dunn, The Netherlands • Lars Eliassen, Norway • Vito Giannella, Italy • Snezana Tosic, Serbia • Stacey-Jo Smith, UK • Kasper Sengelöv, Denmark • Annika Bränström, Sweden • Monica Grahn, Sweden • Magdalena Norberg-Schönfeldt, Sweden • Latha Kunjappa, CRF, Singapore • Hayley Clark, IACA, Canada
- 3. Survey purpose • 2002 – 2009 The starting years – Basic statistics on registries and trends – Basic report, limited analyses – Base for benchmarking between registries • 2010 – 2011 Improvements – Improve the ground for policy learning – Review the survey – Produce a more analytical and coherent report – Find a more solid and long term organisation for future surveys and reports • 2012 – Make it global – Include more countries/organisations in the survey – Keep on improving the survey and the report
- 4. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 2002 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 IACA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 ECRF 20 29 31 31 28 29 31 29 34 CRF 0 0 0 11 14 12 17 21 20 Number of Participating Countries/ Organisations in the ECRF/CRF/IACA Survey
- 5. ECRF, CRF and IACA Participants ECRF CRF IACA Austria** Liechtenstein** Anguilla New Zealand** Canada** Nova Scotia Belgium** Lithuania** Australia** Nigeria Delaware Ohio Belgium** Luxembourg** Brazil - Alagoas Maceio Pakistan** Hawaii Oregon Croatia** Macedonia* Cook Islands** Rwanda Louisana Texas Czech Republic** Moldova Hong Kong* Singapore** Manitoba Utah Denmark Netherlands** Israel** South Africa** Michigan Washington DC Estonia** Norway** Lesotho* Sri Lanka Montana Washington State Finland* Romania** Malaysia** Turkey Nevada Wisconsin Georgia* Serbia** Mauritius** Uganda Newfoundland and Labrador Germany** Slovenia** Mongolia Vanuatu North Carolina Gibraltar** Spain, central** Guernsey** Sweden** Ireland* Switzerland** Isle of Man** United Kingdom** Italy** Jersey** Latvia Associated members of ECRF Kosovo Ukraine Montenegro *=2011,2012 Trend data available **=2010, 2011, 2012 Trend data available Participating Countries/Organisations in the 2012 ECRF/CRF/IACA Survey
- 7. Chapter 1 Legal and institutional settings
- 8. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Governm ent Governm ent Governm ent Other Chamber of Commerc e Court of Justice Governm ent Other Public- Private Partnershi p Africa & ME America Asia-Pac Europe Percentage 100% 100% 80% 20% 6% 11% 63% 14% 6% Who Operates the Business Registry
- 9. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Centralize d Decentral ized (non autonom ous local offices) Decentral ized (autonom ous local offices) Centralize d Decentral ized (non autonom ous local offices) Centralize d Decentral ized (non autonom ous local offices) Decentral ized (autonom ous local offices) Centralize d Decentral ized (non autonom ous local offices) Decentral ized (autonom ous local offices) Africa & ME America Asia-Pac Europe Percentage 71% 14% 14% 95% 5% 60% 20% 20% 60% 11% 29% Structure of the Business Register
- 18. Chapter 4 Cost, Fees and Charges
- 19. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Governmental funding No Funding Africa & ME 57% 43% America 70% 30% Asia-Pac 40% 60% Europe 60% 40% Source of Funding
- 20. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Incorporati on Changes Annual Accounts Keep Entity in Rgister Information Fees Other Fees Some Services are free of Charge Africa & ME 100% 71% 71% 57% 100% 57% 100% America 95% 90% 40% 75% 80% 80% 90% Asia-Pac 100% 90% 60% 70% 90% 70% 70% Europe 86% 86% 34% 23% 77% 57% 89% Fees Collected
- 21. 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Rwanda Uganda Nigeria Michigan Oregon NorthCarolina Ohio Canada NewfoundlandandLabrador Texas Delaware WashingtonState Mongolia Australia NewZealand Malaysia HongKong Montenegro Croatia,Republicof Ireland Guernsey Germany CzechRepublic Austria Switzerland Norway Netherlands UnitedKingdom Georgia Lithuania Luxembourg Jersey Belgium Source of Funding and Average Incorporation Price Africa & ME Europe Avg = €93 America Asia-Pac Avg = €281 Avg = €139 Avg = €130 Avg = €215 Avg = €96 Avg = €210 Avg = €73 Euro
- 23. UTA CZUA LIDE ESC NEW WDC MD TRIL MIC FIRO NG BE1 SE MY ITLU JE MK ZA PK CHATLT ME HRIR LS KV IMNO NZUG GG GI MU AU GE DK WIS NOV NOR MANEELV CA VU NLORE LK MN RS SI WASTEX SG HKCKDEL UK HAW NEV RW AI 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% PercentageofNewRegistrations Percentage of Terminations Relationship between Percentage of New Registrations and Percentage of Terminations in a Register
- 24. - 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 900,000 Sole Trader General Partnershi p Private Limited Public Limited Limited US LLC Other Entity Africa & ME 67,963 719 162,351 325 21,655 9,258 America 5,821 6,683 4,000 2 167,175 883,116 380,323 Asia-Pac 294,735 54,034 430,029 2,532 44,439 6,669 Europe 774,382 105,109 604,931 20,278 543,939 100,114 Firm Creation by Region
- 25. 2014-04-23 Conclusions in the 2013 report (1) • European registries seem to be more empowered • The general trend is to provide companies with a unique identification number • Mandatory pre-registration activities are more common in Europe • The existence of pre- registration activities has a negative effect on processing- time
- 26. 2014-04-23 • It is more common to send documents electronically in Europe than elsewhere • The usage of e-services has no impact on processing-time and productivity Conclusions in the 2013 report (2)
- 27. Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 27 ECRF Survey Working Group “Definitions” Rio de Janeiro, March 2014
- 28. Definition of.. 28 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 28 - Existing legal forms in Business Registers - „Branches“ of companies
- 29. If we talk about.... 29 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 29 ..limited Companies…..
- 30. The ECRF-CRF-IACA Survey 30 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 30 How can we answer the question for the survey ?
- 31. If we answer the questions... 31 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 31 Do we really talk about the same Legal Form?
- 32. In the questionaire.... 32 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 32 ……all of us ????
- 33. The „Definition Group“ 33 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 33 • Collection of existing Legal Forms of all participants of the survey • Find out similarities and differences • Define groups of Legal Forms • Implement them into the survey
- 34. Branches 34 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 34 Regional Office Unit Branch Agency Daughter Company Subsidiary Mother Company Main Office Headquarters Main Establishment
- 35. Branches 35 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 35 Or… A company in my Business Register which has a foreign or national legal form and a name of a company in an other country but I have no idea how they are related to each other
- 36. The “Definition Group” 36 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 36 •Collection of existing legal definitions for „Branch“ of all participants of the survey • Find out similarities and differences • Try to find an common accepted definition • Implement them into the survey
- 37. Definition of Branches 37 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 37 1. New Zealand: In terms of “Branches” our legislation requires all overseas companies commencing business in NZ to register on the overseas register ( as set out in the spreadsheet), sometimes these overseas companies are loosely referred to as branches. An overseas company must on registering provide evidence of incorporation of the overseas company (this can be a certified copy of the certificate or incorporation or registration ) and a copy of the instrument constituting or defining the constitution of the company, and, if not in English, a translation of such documents certified in accordance with regulations made under the Companies Act. For Australian companies registered on the Overseas register we also require the ABN (Australian Business Number). 2. Gibraltar: The definition of a branch in Gibraltar is as follows:- The Companies Act states the following: ”branch” means a branch within the meaning of Council Directive 89/666/EEC on the disclosure requirements in respect of branches opened in a member State by certain types of company governed by the law of another member State; Of course, European Law does not itself define a "branch". Our interpretation of the legal term "branch" on the basis of the definition in the Companies Act is as follows:-
- 38. Definition 38 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 38 Australia Ireland New Zealand Azerbaijan Italy Newfoundland and Labrador Belgium Jersey Oregon Canada Kiribati Pakistan China Latvia Republic of Moldova Croatia Lichtenstein Serbia Delaware Lithuania Slovenia Denmark Luxemburg Spain Estonia Macedonia Sweden Georgia Malaysia Switzerland Germany Mauritius UK Gibraltar Mauritius Washington D.C. Guernsey Montenegro
- 39. Definition Group 39 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 39 We need your assistance !
- 40. Definition Group 40 Axel Forstmann, ECRF Survey - Definition Group, Germany 40 Thank you !
- 41. Next Step – The Global Business Registration Survey
- 42. Next Step – The Global Business Registration Survey • Continuation of the ECRF survey and report • Proposal to establish The Global Business Registration Survey as a permanent structure – CRF, Rio de Janeiro in March – IACA, Milwaukee in May – ECRF, Rome in June
- 43. • The survey and associated report are accepted as the “gold standard” for information and benchmarking regarding business registration activities such as thresholds, process steps, time, and outcomes. • Fifty per cent or more of the world’s publically available business registries participate in the survey within three years. • The survey is used as an input into other international reports (such as the World Bank’s “Doing Business”) and by researchers. Goals
- 44. Time for discussion What would you like to know?
- 45. Time for discussion What should make you want to use the report? For example: 1. Important themes to be included in the survey and report? 2. In what areas do you see a need to compare with others? Discuss with your neighbor´s
- 46. All this will not be finished In the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin Inaugural Address