SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  9
The French in North
     America
             By DJ Heston
American Colonies 5 –
       Canada and Iroquoia
• In the mid-16th century the Spanish emperor
  declined to block the French from establishing
  along the Lawrence River in Canada.
• The French discovered two profitable
  commodities: fish and furs.
• The French realized early on that they needed the
  Indians as allies and hunters rather than enemies.
• The Indians of northeastern North America were
  divided into Algonquian and Iroquoian peoples.
• The French became allies with the Huron and
  northern Algonquian which pitted them as
  enemies of the Five Nation Iroquoians.
• In 1610 the Five Nation Iroquoians obtained metal
  weapons from the Dutch and became formidable
  warriors disrupting French trade.
American Colonies 5 –
      Canada and Iroquoia
• European mariners offered beads, kettles and knives in
  exchange for furs from the Indians.
• The natives became adept at driving a hard bargain, waiting
  for several ships to port to compete for their furs.
• Occasionally mariners kidnapped Indians as slaves which
  soured relations between natives and mariners.
• The Indians reliance on European goods and weapons made
  them hunt more to supply their fur trade.
• The northern Algonquian hunted year-round which led to the
  depletion of the animals they hunted.
• The Indians had to extend their hunting territories farther
  which increased conflicts with their neighbors.
American Colonies 5 –
          Canada and Iroquoia
                        • In 1608 Frenchman Samuel de Champlain built
                          a small trading post in Quebec.
                        • Two decades later there were only 85 colonists,
                          all of them men in Quebec.

• In 1609 Champlain and his men helped their northern Indian allies
  defeat a group of Iroquois leading the Iroquois to realize their inferior
  weapons and penetrable formations.
• The women of the Iroquois cultivated large and productive crops which
  allowed the young men to pursue war.
• Iroquois warriors conducted “mourning wars” which entailed capturing
  their enemies to distribute among their people who had lost family due
  to disease and war.
• They also tortured and cannibalized most men which created cohesion
  among the tribe and hardened their adolescent boys to war.
American Colonies 5 –
        Canada and Iroquoia
• In 1614 a Dutch company established a trading post,
  later known as Fort Orange, which was the Dutch
  equivalent of French Quebec.
• The Iroquois lived in close proximity to the Dutch,
  who were more willing to offer guns than were the
  French.
• French leaders hoped to make the northern Indians
  more dependable as allies by sending the Jesuits to
  convert them to Catholicism.
• After initial resistance, most Huron converted to
  Christianity to be with their family in the afterlife.
• The mid-17th century saw the Iroquois become more
  violent in their pursuit of their mourning wars and
  they had killed or captured most Huron destroying
  their villages in the process.
• Toward the end of the 17th century the Iroquois took
  more captives than the could assimilate which led to
  division within their own nations.
• With all of the complexities associated with alliance
  and trade, European powers never realized their goal
  of control and colonization of the area.
American Colonies 16 –
  French America
      • In the 1660’s the French crown wanted to
        colonize the area around Quebec and give army
        officers who stayed the title of “seigneur”.
      • Seigneurs brought the first farm families to
        Canada which produced small crops of wheat
        and brought small herds of livestock.
      • The French crown worried that the English were
        winning the race to colonize and decided to pay
        for transatlantic passage to stimulate emigration.
      • Most emigrants were poor young men while
        only 12% were female.
      • Most emigrants returned home after their three
        year stay while only the married men and
        women tended to stay.
      • Because the women married early and bore
        many healthy children the population grew from
        3,000 in 1663 to 15,000 in 1700.
American Colonies 16 –
        French America
• French peasants chose to stay in France rather than
  risk the unknown which contributed to slow
  colonization.
• Many emigrated to nearby Spain which was
  cheaper, closer, and warmer.
• New France had a reputation of being immoral,
  cold, and unprofitable land which deterred
  moralistic emigrants.
• Most of the French who emigrated enjoyed a
  better life with more land and better meals than
  that of their counterparts in France.
• The crown appointed three rival officials to govern
  New France: a military governor-general, a civil
  administrator or intendant, and a Catholic bishop.
• The governing council was comprised of five to
  seven seigneurs, the governor-general, bishop,
  intendant, and attorney general.
• Early 18th century New France was divided into
  sectors: the cultivated St. Lawrence Valley and the
  vast forest and lakes of upper country.
American Colonies 16 –
        French America
• The French treated the Indians as sovereign peoples rather than
  French subjects in New France.
• Mid 17th century Iroquois attacks made their native enemies flee
  west to refugee villages where they fought among themselves.
                            • The distant posts of the west attracted
                              officers to engage on the fur trade on the
                              side and the officers became known as
                              coureurs de bois.
                            • The life of a coureurs de bois was
                              dangerous but partnership with an Indian
                              women made it much safer.
• With help from their upper-country Indian allies, the French
  defeated the Iroquois which brought about a peace in 1701.
• The French moved their post to Detroit and assumed the Indians
  would accept French dictation.
• Without New France’s intervention between the native tribes, their
  battles grew fierce again and moved into Detroit.
American Colonies 16 –
         French America
              • In 1682 Sieur de La Salle led a group of French and allied Indians
                  south and named it Louisiana to impress King Louis XIV.
              • Determined to win the support of Indians over the Carolina
                  traders, the French in Louisiana wooed the Indians with firearms.
              • The Company of the Indies was commissioned by the French
                  crown to colonize Louisiana which led to the town of New
                  Orleans.
• Many of the colonists were convicted criminals which further undermined
  Louisiana’s reputation.
• Far from imperial supervision, Louisiana’s officials were notoriously corrupt.
• Louisiana was the least profitable colony to the French but was
  retained for its strategic value.

Contenu connexe

Tendances

The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north americasabrinakiss
 
Theme 4 part 1
Theme 4 part 1Theme 4 part 1
Theme 4 part 1tysenq
 
French colonies in america
French colonies in americaFrench colonies in america
French colonies in america009025131
 
Colonial France
Colonial FranceColonial France
Colonial Francemeissamoo
 
Theme7: American Colonies- France and England
 Theme7: American Colonies- France and England Theme7: American Colonies- France and England
Theme7: American Colonies- France and Englandblknkorbboy
 
French Colonies of North America
French Colonies of North AmericaFrench Colonies of North America
French Colonies of North AmericaAaronbacon11
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north americaCVerhoeven
 
Atlantic wars and revolutions
Atlantic wars and revolutionsAtlantic wars and revolutions
Atlantic wars and revolutionsAlex
 
Theme 4: French in North America
Theme 4: French in North AmericaTheme 4: French in North America
Theme 4: French in North Americapinkduckysm
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north americaJkessner
 
Jaarmstrong ushistory presentation
Jaarmstrong ushistory presentationJaarmstrong ushistory presentation
Jaarmstrong ushistory presentationjakearmstrong
 
American colonies prt 1
American colonies prt 1American colonies prt 1
American colonies prt 1Megan Foster
 
Ning posting 3 HIST 140
Ning posting 3 HIST 140Ning posting 3 HIST 140
Ning posting 3 HIST 140AndrewElsey
 
French colonies of north america
French colonies of north americaFrench colonies of north america
French colonies of north americatydevere
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north americafreevictoria
 

Tendances (20)

The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north america
 
Theme 4 part 1
Theme 4 part 1Theme 4 part 1
Theme 4 part 1
 
French colonies in america
French colonies in americaFrench colonies in america
French colonies in america
 
Atlanticwars
AtlanticwarsAtlanticwars
Atlanticwars
 
Colonial France
Colonial FranceColonial France
Colonial France
 
Theme7: American Colonies- France and England
 Theme7: American Colonies- France and England Theme7: American Colonies- France and England
Theme7: American Colonies- France and England
 
2 haiti
2 haiti2 haiti
2 haiti
 
French Colonies of North America
French Colonies of North AmericaFrench Colonies of North America
French Colonies of North America
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north america
 
Theme4
Theme4Theme4
Theme4
 
Theme 4 hist
Theme 4 histTheme 4 hist
Theme 4 hist
 
Atlantic wars and revolutions
Atlantic wars and revolutionsAtlantic wars and revolutions
Atlantic wars and revolutions
 
Theme 4: French in North America
Theme 4: French in North AmericaTheme 4: French in North America
Theme 4: French in North America
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north america
 
Ning posting 2
Ning posting 2Ning posting 2
Ning posting 2
 
Jaarmstrong ushistory presentation
Jaarmstrong ushistory presentationJaarmstrong ushistory presentation
Jaarmstrong ushistory presentation
 
American colonies prt 1
American colonies prt 1American colonies prt 1
American colonies prt 1
 
Ning posting 3 HIST 140
Ning posting 3 HIST 140Ning posting 3 HIST 140
Ning posting 3 HIST 140
 
French colonies of north america
French colonies of north americaFrench colonies of north america
French colonies of north america
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north america
 

En vedette

Metatech industries presentation (2)
Metatech industries presentation (2)Metatech industries presentation (2)
Metatech industries presentation (2)nobody_here69
 
Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest
Seven Myths of the Spanish ConquestSeven Myths of the Spanish Conquest
Seven Myths of the Spanish ConquestPalomar College
 
Indicus Profile 2013
Indicus Profile 2013Indicus Profile 2013
Indicus Profile 2013samjoshi
 
The English in North America
The English in North AmericaThe English in North America
The English in North AmericaPalomar College
 
Want to Change the World?- Start Here
Want to Change the World?- Start HereWant to Change the World?- Start Here
Want to Change the World?- Start HereJustin Strachan
 
Struggle & Survival in Colonial America
Struggle & Survival in Colonial AmericaStruggle & Survival in Colonial America
Struggle & Survival in Colonial AmericaPalomar College
 
Big History - History 140
Big History - History 140Big History - History 140
Big History - History 140Palomar College
 

En vedette (11)

Metatech industries presentation (2)
Metatech industries presentation (2)Metatech industries presentation (2)
Metatech industries presentation (2)
 
Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest
Seven Myths of the Spanish ConquestSeven Myths of the Spanish Conquest
Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest
 
The Spanish Empire
The Spanish EmpireThe Spanish Empire
The Spanish Empire
 
The Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese EmpireThe Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire
 
The Jesuit Relations
The Jesuit RelationsThe Jesuit Relations
The Jesuit Relations
 
Indicus Profile 2013
Indicus Profile 2013Indicus Profile 2013
Indicus Profile 2013
 
The English in North America
The English in North AmericaThe English in North America
The English in North America
 
Want to Change the World?- Start Here
Want to Change the World?- Start HereWant to Change the World?- Start Here
Want to Change the World?- Start Here
 
Infastructure finanacing
Infastructure finanacingInfastructure finanacing
Infastructure finanacing
 
Struggle & Survival in Colonial America
Struggle & Survival in Colonial AmericaStruggle & Survival in Colonial America
Struggle & Survival in Colonial America
 
Big History - History 140
Big History - History 140Big History - History 140
Big History - History 140
 

Similaire à The French in North America

Theme4part1the french in north america
Theme4part1the french in north americaTheme4part1the french in north america
Theme4part1the french in north americatricia3396
 
Hist 140 theme 4 part 1
Hist 140 theme 4 part 1Hist 140 theme 4 part 1
Hist 140 theme 4 part 1kwag929
 
Hist 140 french in north america. healy
Hist 140 french in north america. healyHist 140 french in north america. healy
Hist 140 french in north america. healyryanjohn24
 
The French In North America
The French In North AmericaThe French In North America
The French In North AmericaLindsay Nelson
 
Theme4pt1pwrpnt
Theme4pt1pwrpntTheme4pt1pwrpnt
Theme4pt1pwrpntbrookesoto
 
Theme 4 pt1 the french in north america
Theme 4 pt1   the french in north americaTheme 4 pt1   the french in north america
Theme 4 pt1 the french in north americaMSkarnas
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north americaChristianjc123
 
French in north america
French in north americaFrench in north america
French in north america84tommy
 
The french in north america james smithiii
The french in north america james smithiiiThe french in north america james smithiii
The french in north america james smithiiiJames Smith III
 
History assignment4 american colonies, france and england
History assignment4 american colonies, france and englandHistory assignment4 american colonies, france and england
History assignment4 american colonies, france and englandLindsay Nelson
 
The french in north america assignment #4
The french in north america assignment #4The french in north america assignment #4
The french in north america assignment #4abalkan89
 

Similaire à The French in North America (20)

France
FranceFrance
France
 
Theme4part1the french in north america
Theme4part1the french in north americaTheme4part1the french in north america
Theme4part1the french in north america
 
France
FranceFrance
France
 
France
FranceFrance
France
 
France
FranceFrance
France
 
Hist 140 theme 4 part 1
Hist 140 theme 4 part 1Hist 140 theme 4 part 1
Hist 140 theme 4 part 1
 
Hist 140 french in north america. healy
Hist 140 french in north america. healyHist 140 french in north america. healy
Hist 140 french in north america. healy
 
Frenchslideshow
FrenchslideshowFrenchslideshow
Frenchslideshow
 
The French In North America
The French In North AmericaThe French In North America
The French In North America
 
Hist 140
Hist 140 Hist 140
Hist 140
 
Theme4pt1pwrpnt
Theme4pt1pwrpntTheme4pt1pwrpnt
Theme4pt1pwrpnt
 
Theme4 part1
Theme4 part1Theme4 part1
Theme4 part1
 
Alicia theme 4 part 1
Alicia theme 4 part 1 Alicia theme 4 part 1
Alicia theme 4 part 1
 
Theme 4 pt1 the french in north america
Theme 4 pt1   the french in north americaTheme 4 pt1   the french in north america
Theme 4 pt1 the french in north america
 
Theme 4 part 1
Theme 4 part 1Theme 4 part 1
Theme 4 part 1
 
The french in north america
The french in north americaThe french in north america
The french in north america
 
French in north america
French in north americaFrench in north america
French in north america
 
The french in north america james smithiii
The french in north america james smithiiiThe french in north america james smithiii
The french in north america james smithiii
 
History assignment4 american colonies, france and england
History assignment4 american colonies, france and englandHistory assignment4 american colonies, france and england
History assignment4 american colonies, france and england
 
The french in north america assignment #4
The french in north america assignment #4The french in north america assignment #4
The french in north america assignment #4
 

Dernier

M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxDr. Santhosh Kumar. N
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfYu Kanazawa / Osaka University
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesHow to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesCeline George
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationMJDuyan
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...CaraSkikne1
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxEduSkills OECD
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxAditiChauhan701637
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptxmary850239
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxMYDA ANGELICA SUAN
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptxSandy Millin
 

Dernier (20)

M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
 
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 SalesHow to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
How to Manage Cross-Selling in Odoo 17 Sales
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
 
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
 

The French in North America

  • 1. The French in North America By DJ Heston
  • 2. American Colonies 5 – Canada and Iroquoia • In the mid-16th century the Spanish emperor declined to block the French from establishing along the Lawrence River in Canada. • The French discovered two profitable commodities: fish and furs. • The French realized early on that they needed the Indians as allies and hunters rather than enemies. • The Indians of northeastern North America were divided into Algonquian and Iroquoian peoples. • The French became allies with the Huron and northern Algonquian which pitted them as enemies of the Five Nation Iroquoians. • In 1610 the Five Nation Iroquoians obtained metal weapons from the Dutch and became formidable warriors disrupting French trade.
  • 3. American Colonies 5 – Canada and Iroquoia • European mariners offered beads, kettles and knives in exchange for furs from the Indians. • The natives became adept at driving a hard bargain, waiting for several ships to port to compete for their furs. • Occasionally mariners kidnapped Indians as slaves which soured relations between natives and mariners. • The Indians reliance on European goods and weapons made them hunt more to supply their fur trade. • The northern Algonquian hunted year-round which led to the depletion of the animals they hunted. • The Indians had to extend their hunting territories farther which increased conflicts with their neighbors.
  • 4. American Colonies 5 – Canada and Iroquoia • In 1608 Frenchman Samuel de Champlain built a small trading post in Quebec. • Two decades later there were only 85 colonists, all of them men in Quebec. • In 1609 Champlain and his men helped their northern Indian allies defeat a group of Iroquois leading the Iroquois to realize their inferior weapons and penetrable formations. • The women of the Iroquois cultivated large and productive crops which allowed the young men to pursue war. • Iroquois warriors conducted “mourning wars” which entailed capturing their enemies to distribute among their people who had lost family due to disease and war. • They also tortured and cannibalized most men which created cohesion among the tribe and hardened their adolescent boys to war.
  • 5. American Colonies 5 – Canada and Iroquoia • In 1614 a Dutch company established a trading post, later known as Fort Orange, which was the Dutch equivalent of French Quebec. • The Iroquois lived in close proximity to the Dutch, who were more willing to offer guns than were the French. • French leaders hoped to make the northern Indians more dependable as allies by sending the Jesuits to convert them to Catholicism. • After initial resistance, most Huron converted to Christianity to be with their family in the afterlife. • The mid-17th century saw the Iroquois become more violent in their pursuit of their mourning wars and they had killed or captured most Huron destroying their villages in the process. • Toward the end of the 17th century the Iroquois took more captives than the could assimilate which led to division within their own nations. • With all of the complexities associated with alliance and trade, European powers never realized their goal of control and colonization of the area.
  • 6. American Colonies 16 – French America • In the 1660’s the French crown wanted to colonize the area around Quebec and give army officers who stayed the title of “seigneur”. • Seigneurs brought the first farm families to Canada which produced small crops of wheat and brought small herds of livestock. • The French crown worried that the English were winning the race to colonize and decided to pay for transatlantic passage to stimulate emigration. • Most emigrants were poor young men while only 12% were female. • Most emigrants returned home after their three year stay while only the married men and women tended to stay. • Because the women married early and bore many healthy children the population grew from 3,000 in 1663 to 15,000 in 1700.
  • 7. American Colonies 16 – French America • French peasants chose to stay in France rather than risk the unknown which contributed to slow colonization. • Many emigrated to nearby Spain which was cheaper, closer, and warmer. • New France had a reputation of being immoral, cold, and unprofitable land which deterred moralistic emigrants. • Most of the French who emigrated enjoyed a better life with more land and better meals than that of their counterparts in France. • The crown appointed three rival officials to govern New France: a military governor-general, a civil administrator or intendant, and a Catholic bishop. • The governing council was comprised of five to seven seigneurs, the governor-general, bishop, intendant, and attorney general. • Early 18th century New France was divided into sectors: the cultivated St. Lawrence Valley and the vast forest and lakes of upper country.
  • 8. American Colonies 16 – French America • The French treated the Indians as sovereign peoples rather than French subjects in New France. • Mid 17th century Iroquois attacks made their native enemies flee west to refugee villages where they fought among themselves. • The distant posts of the west attracted officers to engage on the fur trade on the side and the officers became known as coureurs de bois. • The life of a coureurs de bois was dangerous but partnership with an Indian women made it much safer. • With help from their upper-country Indian allies, the French defeated the Iroquois which brought about a peace in 1701. • The French moved their post to Detroit and assumed the Indians would accept French dictation. • Without New France’s intervention between the native tribes, their battles grew fierce again and moved into Detroit.
  • 9. American Colonies 16 – French America • In 1682 Sieur de La Salle led a group of French and allied Indians south and named it Louisiana to impress King Louis XIV. • Determined to win the support of Indians over the Carolina traders, the French in Louisiana wooed the Indians with firearms. • The Company of the Indies was commissioned by the French crown to colonize Louisiana which led to the town of New Orleans. • Many of the colonists were convicted criminals which further undermined Louisiana’s reputation. • Far from imperial supervision, Louisiana’s officials were notoriously corrupt. • Louisiana was the least profitable colony to the French but was retained for its strategic value.