2. Pro’s
 The simplicity of the theory makes it easy to
apply.
 The theory has simple scales that a leader
can use to give a “thumb in the wind”
assessment of what leadership style to use.
 Maturity and competence of the group are
often overlooked factors in good leadership
and it helps to focus on these.

3. Con’s
o The theory may not be applicable to managers
as administrators or those with limited power
but in structurally in a leadership position.
o There are situations in which the theory may
be less applicable such as those involving time
constraints and task complexity.
o Testing of the theory doesn’t seem to bear out
the predictions

4. “Life cycle theory leadership”
was renamed “Situational
Leadership Theory”.
“There is no single or best style of
leadership”

5. Effective leadership is:
 Task relevant
 Leaders adapt their leadership style to
the maturity.
 Ability to take responsibility for the task.
 Relevant education or an experience of an
individual or group for the task.

6. Two fundamental concepts:
1. Leadership styles
2. Maturity levels of individual or
group

7. LEADERSHIP STYLES
• Amount of task behavior
• Relationship behavior
Four Behavior of Leadership Style:
S1 Telling - characterize by one-way communication
S2 Selling - attempts to convince the group
S3 Participating - the leader shares decision making
with the group
S4 Delegating - the leader is still involved in making
decision

8. Four Maturity levels of the group:
M-1:basic incompetence or unwillingness in doing
the task.
M-2:inability to do the task but willing to do so.
M-3:competent to do the task but do not think they
can.
M-4:the group is ready, willing and able to do the
task

9. Four Permutation of competency
commitment:
D1 Low competence and high commitment
D2 Some competence and low commitment
D3 High competence and low commitment
D4 High competence and high commitment

10. FOUR DEVELOPMENT LEVELS
MATCH TO THE FOUR
CORRESPONDING STYLES
OF LEADERSHIP

11. D1-Low competence, High commitment
S1-Directing/Telling
 Need to be shown how to do something
 Are enthusiastic and committed
 Willing to accept direction
 Need direction and supervision

12. D2-Some competence, Low commitment
S2-Coaching/Selling
 Need direction and supervision
 Need support and praise
 Involvement in decision making

13. D3-High competence, Low variable
commitment
S3-Supporting/ Encouraging
 competent but who still lack of confidence or
motivation
 they do not need much direction
 need support and encouragement

14. D4-High competence, High
commitment
S4-Delegating/ Empowering
 High levels of both competence and
commitment
 Both able and willing to work by themselves
with little supervision or interventions

15. The Key Characteristic of effective
leadership:
 To assess the situation correctly
 Select
 Apply the appropriate style
 Continuously review your choice