2. What is Capacitor?
A capacitor (or condenser) is a two
terminal device used to store energy in an electric
field.
When there is a potential difference (voltage)
across the conductors, a static electric
field develops across the dielectric, which causes
positive charge to collect on one plate and negative
charge on the other plate. Energy is stored in the
form of electrostatic field.
2
4. Super capacitor are energy storage
device of capable of delivers power
much higher rate than battery.
The super capacitors are used in
modern cars as energy recovery system.
4
5. In comparison to battery ,super
capacitor have low energy
capacity.
But it gives 10 to 100 time more
power than battery.
5
6. Explain power and energy
To help understand the difference between power and
energy let’s use an analogy of bucket of water with a hole in
it.
Water can only leave the bucket via the hole analogous to
power.
The amount of water that can be held with the bucket is
analogous to the energy capacity .
A larger hole in the bucket it shows that power was
increasing.
When the volume is increasing it increases the energy.
6
11. Polarized electrode:
Highly activated carbon is used as
electrode because of following reasons:
It is highly porous
It has good conductivity
High temperature and chemical stability
Corrosion resistant
11
12. Electrolyte
It contains dissolved and solvated ions that migrate to
and from the electrodes during charge and discharge
respectively.
Electrolytes are of two types:
Water soluble
Water insoluble
12
13. Separator
It acts as mechanical separation between two
electrodes.
It must provide electronic insulation between the
electrode of opposite polarization
It must support ionic conduction
from one electrode to another.
13
15. Layman example for difference between
More power required for small
time interval in 200 m race
Constant but less power required for large
time in 20 km race
15
16. Advantages
High energy storage
Low ESR (Equivalent series resistance )and hence
high power density
Appreciable operating temp.(-40ºC to 70ºC)
Eco-friendly
16
19. Typical Applications
Used in Diesel engine start up in submarines & tanks..
Can be used in f &V control in power systems
Used as backup energy source for GPS guided missiles
19
20. Flat style of super
capacitor
used for mobile
devices.
20
Typical knob
capacitor
For PCB mounting
used for memory
backup
Radial style of
lithium-
Ion capacitor for
PCB mounting used
for industrial
applications
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