1. 1

2. 2 Main Types of Plants
1) vascular
2) nonvascular
PLANTS
Vascular Nonvascular
Mosses &
liverworts
Nonvascular- plants that lack tube-like cells
and do not have “true” roots,
stems, & leaves
•Also called bryophytes 2

3. 2 Main Types of Nonvascular Plants
A small simple nonvascular plant that
1) moss-
has both stems and leaves…but NO
ROOTS
•Mosses are considered nonvascular and are
grouped with liverworts because:
a) their vascular
(inner) tissue is
very simple
b) they both have
similar life cycles
3

4. Nonvascular Plants: Moss
Characteristics of Moss:
•fine soft stems
•grow upright in “mats”
•leaves are only one or two cells thick
•leaves grow from all sides of the stem
•moss species can be classified by their leaves
based on:
a) Placement of leaves on the stem
b) Shape of leaves
4

5. Nonvascular Plants: Mosses
4 uses of mosses
1) Food for animals
EX: worms & snails eat moss
2) They help hold soil in place to keep it
from washing away
3) Some mosses live on rocks
and break them down
moss that is added to soil
4) Peat
to increase the amount of
moss-
water it holds 5

6. Nonvascular Plants: Mosses
Moss Life Cycle
Sexual reproduction-
•form a new organism by the union of 2
reproductive cells
1) female reproductive cell EGG
2) male reproductive cell SPERM
•Both are located at the tips of the mosses
leafy stem
fertilization
•the joining of the egg and the sperm 6

7. Nonvascular Plants: Mosses
Moss Life Cycle
•sperm and egg of mosses form at the tips of
the leafy stems
•sperm of mosses and liverworts must swim
to the egg for fertilization
1) fertilization
2) A stalk grows from a fertalized egg
3) Brown capsule forms at the end of the
stalk (stem)
4) Brown capsule contains spores
5) Spores are blown away from parent plant…
by wind
6) They land and grow into new leafy plants 7

8. 2 Main Types of Nonvascular Plants
A small simple nonvascular plant
2) liverwort-
that do NOT have roots, stems, or
leaves
•H2O and other materials are distributed
throughout their bodies by:
a) osmosis
b) diffusion
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9. Nonvascular Plants: liverworts
General Characteristics facts about liverworts
1) simplest nonvascular plant
2) flat body
3) slippery layer of
green cells on the
ground
4) leaves grow in 2-3
flattened rows along
the stem
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10. What two types of nonvascular plants are shown
on this rock?
1) Moss 2) Liverwort
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11. Slide Questions Part Two (slides 27-36)
Directions: Answer the following questions.
1) List the main types of plants
2) Define nonvascular.
3) Define moss and list 3 of the 5 main
characteristics of mosses.
4) Why are mosses considered nonvascular if they
appear to have a stem and a leaf?
5) List the two ways that moss species are classified.
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12. Slide Questions Part Two (slides 27-36)
Directions: Answer the following questions.
6) List the 4 uses of moss.
) Explain how mosses reproduce.
8) Define fertilization.
9) Define liverwort. How so they take in water?
10) List two of the four characteristics of liverworts.
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