1. TYPES OF CELLS

2.  Students should be able to describe microscopic
features & their sites of various cells and tissues present
in our body.
 To identify the cells present in blood and their functions.

3. 1. EPITHELIUM
2. CONNECTIVE TISSUE and
MUSCLES
3. INFLAMMATORY CELLS

4. TYPE OF EPITHELIUM
A. SQUAMOUS
 SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
1. Simple Squamous
2. Simple Columnar
3. Simple Cuboidal
 STRATFIED SQUAMOUS
1. Pseudostratified columnar
(Ciliated)
2. Stratified Squamous

5. 1. EXOCRINE GLANDS
2. ENDOCRINE GLANDS
C. TRANSITIONAL

6. Epithelial tissue
Covers surfaces
Lines tubes and body cavities

7. Classification
Depending on Number of layers
•One- simple
•Two or more- stratified
Depending on Shape of cell
•Irregular, flat- squamous
•Square-like- cuboidal
•Column-shaped- columnar

9. Functions
• protection
• absorption
• filtration
• excretion
• secretion
• sensory reception

10.  Found where filtration or exchange is occuring like
in circulatory system.
 Lines blood and Lymph vessels)
 The serous linings of pericardium, pleura and
peritonium.

11. Squamous Epithelium

12.  Places that involve ABSORPTION and
SECRETION…
 Stomach
 Large intestine
 Small intestine
 Gall bladder
 Respiratory tract

13. TYPES
1. Simple
2. Ciliated
3. With microvilli
 striated border
Brush border

14. Simple Columnar
Epithelium

15.  Collect tubules of KIDNEYs
 Thyroid Gland
 ASSOCIATED w/ secretion.

16. Simple Cuboidal
Epithelium

17.  This epitheium gives errorenous impression that
there is one more layer of cells.
 The nuclei of these cells are disposed at different
level.
 Cilia are never present on true stratified
epithelium.

18. Ciliated
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

19.  cells are flat or shield like
 PROTECTS from Exposure to friction
 This epithelium found at surface of skin,
pharynx,linining of the mouth, oesophagus,anal
canal and vagina.

21. KERATINISATION
Stratified
Squamous
Epithelium
EPIDERMIS
SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM

22.  Is a Stratified epithelium which contains cells that,
due to stretching, change their shape, hence the
name “TRANSITIONAL”.
 Also known as urothelium .
 Found in urinary tract.

23.  This properties allows for liquid to be store i.e.
urine in the bladder ( an organ where this tissue is
found)
 The apical cells are rounded and give an umbrella
shaped or dome cells.
 The basal cells are roughly cuboidal.
 Intermediate cells are polygonal.

26. GLANDULAR EPITHELIA
 A gland is one or more cells which produce and
secrete a product called secretion.

27.  Characteristic of the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.
 Glands that have this epithelium are
1.Exocrine gland: these glands secrete their products
into a system of channels or that convey the product to
its final destination. E.g salivary gland.
2.Endocrine gland:secrete their products or hormones
into the underlying connective tissue and release their
secretion directly into the blood. E.g thyroid gland.

29. 1.STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS - skin,oral
cavity,oesophagus,vagina etc.
2.GLANDULAR - GIT,pancreas,salivary
gland,endocervix,endometrium,thyroid etc.
3.TRANSITIONAL - urinary
bladder,ureter,pelvis of kidney etc.

30. 1.Fibroblasts
2.Adipose tissue
3.Smooth muscle fibre and
skeletal muscle.

31.  These maintain the integrity of supporting tissues
by continuous slow turnover of the extracellular
matrix constituents.
 Fibroblasts synthesize and secrete collagen
molecules then assembles into fibrils that are
cross linked into fibres in the extracellular matrix.

32.  Most numerous cells of connective tissue.
 Concerned with the production of collagen fibres.
 Collagen fibres provides strength.
 Also produce reticular and elastic fibres.
 In tissue sections appear to be spindle shaped
and nucleus is flattened.
 Show branching processes when seen from
surface.

33. FLAT NUCLEUS

34.  Cells which are adapted for storage of fat called
as adipocytes.
 Adipose tissue has important role general
metabolic process.
 Two main types:
1.White adipose tissue : found in deep layers of
skin. E.g adults
2.Brown adipose tissue: small amount found in
humans. E.g children

35.  Nutrition
 Mechanical function , keeps them in position.
 Cushioning effect.
 Insulation
 Heat generator.

37. Adipose
Tissue
Storage,
insulation,
protection

39.  It is composed of elongated,multinucleate
contractile cells k/s muscle fibres bound together
by collagenous supporting tissue.
 Muscle is made up of numerous small fasciculi.
 Each muscle fibre has multiple nuclei arranged at
the cell periphery.

41.  Cells are elongated,spindle shaped cells with
tapered ends.
 Nucleus is centrally located in the cytoplasm at
the widest part of the cell.
 Smf are bound together in irrerular,branching
fasciculi, and these fasciculi are functional
contractile unit.

42. 1. Polymorphonuclear cells
2. Lymphocytes
3. Eosinophills
4. Plasma cells
5. Macrophages
6. Giant cells

44.  14-15 µm in size
 Nucleus deep purple
 Cytoplasm pink
 Small n specific granules
 Life span is 1-2 days

46.  Two types
1. Small – 7-10µm
2. Large - 10- 15µm
 Nucleus is round to oval
 Cytoplasm basophillic

48.  Size more then polymorphonuclear cell
 Nucleus bilobed mostly
 Cytoplasm large
 bright orange red granules,

50.  Usually not present in peripheral blood
 Occur in the marrow
 Have deeply basophillic cytoplasm with a
perinuclear hallow.
 Eccentric nucleus

51.  Derived from B lymphocyte and clearly designed
for synthesis of Igs.
 Cartwheel nucleus.
 They are found in –
Chronic infections
neoplasm
allergic states , etc

53.  20 -70µm in size
 Irregular shape
 Cytoplasm may have vacuoles,cell debris or
hemosiderin
 Abundant cytoplasm and small nuclei

55.  Langhan’s
 Foreign body
 Tuton’s
 Tumor

58. Thank you