UCLA IS10 Final Class Presentation Summarizing the Term

UCLA IS 10 Information & Power Final Class Presentation, Fall
2016, by Diana L. Ascher & the students of IS 10 is licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
International License.
Diana L. Ascher
IS10 Information & Power
UCLA Fall 2016
12/06/16

It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to
entertain a thought without accepting it.
~ Aristotle
Thinking about information

What is information?
¨ Wikipedia
¤ Information (shortened as info) is that which informs. In other words, it is the answer to a question of
some kind. It is also related to data and knowledge, as data represents values attributed to
parameters, and knowledge signifies understanding of real things or abstract concepts. As it regards
data, the information’s existence is not necessarily coupled to an observer (it exists beyond an event
horizon, for example), while in the case of knowledge, the information requires a cognitive observer.
¨ Dictionary.com
¤ Knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstance; news
¨ Merriam-Webster
¤ The communication or reception of knowledge or intelligence
¨ BusinessDictionary.com
¤ Data that is (1) accurate and timely, (2) specific and organized for a purpose, (3) presented within a
context that gives it meaning and relevance, and (4) can lead to an increase in understanding and
decrease in uncertainty.

Taxonomy of science
Formal
Science
Logic
••reasoning,
philosophy
Mathematics
••computer science,
statistics
Physical
Science
Physics
••particle physics,
thermodynamics
Chemistry
••materials, chemical
reactions
Life Science
Cellular Biology
••biochemistry,
evolutionary biology
Functional
Biology
••physiology,
medicine, biology
Social Science
Psychology
••development,
cognition
Sociology
••law, ethics,
economics
Earth & Space
Science
Geoscience
••climate, geology,
oceanography
Astronomy
••planetary science,
cosmology

Majors & class year
2
1
2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3
1
1.5
2 2
0.5 1
1
1
1 1
4
1
2 3
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior

Internet connection
9%
27%
3%
6%
3%3%
49%
Broadband
Cable modem
DSL-enabled phone line
Fiber optic connection
Other broadband
T-1 connection
Wireless connection

Frame of reference
https://batchgeo.com/map/31dd57c0776da0ac9c72e42eab6c3aa8

Introductions & foundational concepts

Metaphor

Try being mindful of whose voices you share, amplify,
validate and promote to others.
~ Anil Dash
Thinking about power

What is power?

Thinking about power

It is natural to the human mind to classify, and essential
if we want to make sense of the world, which is full of
unique creatures and objects.
~ Vanda Broughton
Thinking about knowledge

Thinking about knowledge

Take your notepad and pen and find the area in the
YRL stacks that holds books relevant to your domain.
Group Activity

¨ Classification as Queen
Metaphor
The Queen knighted Sir Patrick Stewart in 2010. (Press Association via AP Images)

One of the paradoxes of neoliberalism is that it’s not
new, and it’s not liberal.
~ Noam Chomsky
Thinking about resources

Thinking about resources

Metaphor
vs. Destiny’s Children (2001)The Queen (2015)

It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to
entertain a thought without accepting it.
~ Aristotle
Thinking about access

Thinking about access

Recap
¨ Social justice is “[t]he ability of all people to fully
benefit from economic and social progress and to
participate equally in democratic societies.” (Bourg,
Morales, & Knowles, 2014)
¨ “The more readings I read in this class, the more
faith I lose in every system we have here in
America.” (IS10 reflection essay, 2016)

Our markets, our democracy, our science, our traditions of free speech,
and our art all depend more heavily on a Public Domain of freely available
material than they do on the informational material that is covered by
property rights. The Public Domain is not some gummy residue left behind
when all the good stuff has been covered by property law. The Public
Domain is the place we quarry the building blocks of our culture. It is, in
fact, the majority of our culture. ~ James Boyle
Thinking about ownership

Everyone has a license to speak; it’s a question
of who gets heard.
~ Aaron Swartz

Metaphor
¨ This capability will enhance the productivity of work and lead to dramatic
improvements in social services, education, and entertainment.
~Council on Competitiveness
¨ A strong commitment to building the national telecommunications and information
infrastructure will promote economic growth, aid America’s competitiveness, and
increase the Nation’s standard of living.
~Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure and
Public Broadcasting Facilities Assistance Act of 1993
¨ Our government has the responsibility as public trustee to ensure that new
communications technologies serve the democratic and social needs of the country.
~Telecommunications Policy Roundtable

Um, I think maybe we should
watch, because Trump just won
the election.
~ Max Bronstein
Thinking about the election

Taking a test in French class in high
school. The teacher announced it.
When classes changed there was
silence in the hall.
~ Barbara Ascher

I was 14 and for me it was 6.30 am on July
21st as I live in the UK. I was doing my
paper round and I remember watching
Neil Armstrong step onto the moon
surface through the window of someone's
house. It's a very very vivid memory.
~ Anne Wood

“I am just another person in a sea of faces.”
~ Anonymous
Thinking about technology

¨ Google Glass wearers
as Explorers
¤ Marketing narrative
¤ Colonial narrative
¨ Signals
¤ “[P]ower, Whiteness, and class elitism are core values in
the Google Glass design imaginary.” (Noble & Roberts, 2016)
Metaphor

Another metaphor: Panopticon

Snap’s cam glasses

Sunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants.
~ Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis
Thinking about intellectual freedom

Data endurance
Paper &
ink Digital

¨ Tension between personal or individual privacy and social goods
¤ Biased framing?
¨ Forgetfulness as social & individual good
¨ Surveillance society imperils democracy
¤ Fear of repercussions for any nonconforming behavior
¤ Being watched changes behavior (Bentham & Focault)
¨ “The very nature of self and the kinds of personalities that develop
in a surveillance society are different.” (Blanchette & Johnson, 2001)
Social implications

¨ White racialism
¤ Inclusive of the variety of factions that exist within the broader context
of what is labelled white supremacy
¤ Self-designated & applied
¨ How white racialists use the internet
¤ Recruit
¤ Disseminate information
¤ Organize activities
¤ Appeal to the emotion of potential sympathizers
¤ Dramatize their presence
Becker et al. on internet hate speech

Data protection policy factors
Overarching set of
standards
••Onus to justify
exceptions falls to the
secondary user
••In tandem with a code
of fair information
practices
Legislation in
specific sectors
••Must capture
cumulative effects
A structured
market
••Personal data as
individual property
••Consent requirement
for secondary use
Privacy-enhancing
technologies
••Prevention
••Anonymization

Public's right
to know
National
security
Gregory on whistleblowers

Transparency
Critical watchdog
media
Gregory on whistleblowers

~ Satoshi Nakamoto
Thinking about the gig economy
What is needed is an electronic payment system based on
cryptographic proof instead of trust, allowing any two willing
parties to transact directly with each other without the need
for a trusted third party.

Bartlett on the Dark Net

Transition in economic authority

Bitcoin
¨ Digital ownership of physical assets
¨ Distributed network of trust
¨ Value derives from
Ø Current use
Ø Speculation on future use
¨ Antifraud properties

Blockchain, Data Management, & Healthcare
Jeff Shelton
Director of Product

Blockchain use cases
¨ Syndicated loans
¨ Trade finance
¨ Supply chain provenance
¨ U.S. Treasury repo
¨ OTC derivatives and FX
clearance
¨ Cross-border payments
¨ Identity/data authentication
¨ Private stock/equity issuance

Blockchain as Panopticon

@dianaascher
#UCLAIS10
Can we keep the conversations going?

UCLA IS10 Final Class Presentation Summarizing the Term

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