1) The structural geology fieldwork was conducted in Baluyan, Malalag, Davao del Sur to identify rock structures and measure strike. 2) Samples of two rock types were collected, labeled, sealed in ziplock bags, and transported carefully back to Davao City for further analysis. 3) Based on observations of thrusted sedimentary rocks and andesite intrusions, the conclusions were that the jointed and fractured rock in the area poses risks for landslides and road damage, and unfinished road construction could lead to future road slips.

1. Structural geologyreport onmalalag, davao del sur Gimoto, Lilibeth Huelva, Marco Hulio BSEM- 3

2. Introduction Structural Geology and Tectonics draws on all geoscience disciplines to address fundamental questions about plate tectonic and deformation processes. In recent years, there has been an explosion of new technologies which allow scientists to answer questions that were once beyond their reach. This research not only leads to advances in basic research, but is also relevant to society, through the exploration for natural resources and understanding of natural hazards.

3. Overview Malalag is a 1st class municipality in the province of Davao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2010 census, it has a population of 119,334 people in 26,069 households. Malalag is stragetically located in the heart of Davao del Sur. Malalag is an argicultural center of Davao del Sur. Its main products are Banana, Cocunut and other fruits and vegetables. Malalag is also a fishing center of Davao del Sur. Many fish cages are lying in Malalag Bay. Malalag is also wealth in mining indusrty. Because of this, the Municipality of Malalag will soon to be a city in year 2016. In 1955, the barrios of Basiawan, Kibulan and the sitios of Kimatay and Kilalag were transferred from the town of Malita, Davao del Sur to Malalag. The third year mining engineering conducted a fieldwork at Baluyan, Malalag Davao del Sur; the overview is that we cover 200 meters in every group to conduct this activity. The overview of this activity is to and know learn how to identify the structures of the place and the strike.

4. Preparing the Fieldwork, Work Plan, Equipment and Supplies

5. Preparing for the Fieldwork In preparing for the fieldwork first we check for the materials to use to make it sure nothing left and to prepare our self for this fieldwork. The things to prepare the fieldwork are tape measure and Brunton Pocket Compass.

6. Work Plan In our work plan, we check the area or the site to conduct the Fieldwork. We have to think and reconcile the first thing to do. We measure the area and find the direction using the Pocket Brunton Compass and we find it easily, after taking pictures of different structures and our land mark like the road slip and slow down. We take pictures to the important and special rocks.

7. Equipment and Supplies In our Fieldwork no heavyequipment use, only van that used as service of the group. Snacks and other foods needed are successfully prepared. Measuring Tape- This is a common measuring tool, that consists of a ribbon of plastic, cloth, fiber glass, or metal strip with linear measurement markings. It is a flexible form of ruler. The surveyors usually use tape measures in lengths of over 100m. Brunton Pocket compass- This instrument was patented in 1984 by a Canadian-born Colorado geologist named David W. Brunton. It is a type of precision compass made by Brunton, Inc. Zip Lock- This is used for the examples to stored in the assigned area. Digital Cameras/ Phone Cameras- This is used to capture pictures related to the fieldwork like examples the rocks and structures that can be found in the assigned area or site.

8. Data Collection

9. Survey Sites The site of our survey is at the municipality of Malalag at the province of Davao del Sur with the coordinates of 6° 35′ 45.6″ N, 125° 23′ 56.4″ E.It is southwest of central Davao City and approximately 45 km distance travel by commercial buses and other land vehicle for three (3) hours through Davao City – Sta. Cruz – Digos City – Padada – Sulop National Road.

11. FIELD SHEETS

13. Methodology

14. Sample Storage We collected 2 rock samples and stored at an alternative storage bag for naming and mounting on the wood for visual presentation of the rocks. To avoid impurities the samples are carefully handled and store in a box at the pair’s house.

15. Plastic Bags From the area at Baluyan, Malalag Davao del Sur, the samples are being collected and safely sealed using the zipper lock bag. Since, the rock samples are not yet named and should undergo some process to justify what kind of rocks. The 2 rock samples are separated using the zipper lock bag so that it will not mix with the other rock samples to avoid confusion in naming the rocks.

16. Sample Labels The labeling of the samples we used paper tape because marking pens is visible in naming. While in labeling our stations we used an alternative paper since we forgot to bring the paper tape. We put rocks to each station points for assurance since paper will easily drift away.

17. Transporting Samples The samples are being transported from the location area of Group 3 who is assigned in collecting the samples to the location of the van. From the van, traveling from the fieldwork location to Davao City (Victoria Plaza) it is transported by means of walking to Garcia Heights at Marco’s Residence.

18. Preparing Samples for Transport Before the samples are collected, the rock samples are sealed at the alternative bag and then labeled thoroughly, zipped again inside the back of the pair. Then it is managed to be ready for transporting from the area at Malalag to Davao City.

19. Chain of Custody This refers to the chronological documentation or paper trail, showing the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of evidence, physical or electronic. Thus, the samples or rocks collected from the area are expected to undergo a proper manner of transferring and controlling with respect to the environments where it is being exposed.

20. Quality Assurance The pair decided to seal in the rocks into the zip-lock bag after gathering it using the cloth as an alternative for the hand gloves. This is intentionally followed since the procedure of the fieldwork study is to re-assure always the conditions of the rock samples and that must be in good quality.

21. Quality Control The samples are not allowed to be washed by waters since the accessory minerals and impurities might be affected when done. For the quality control, the rock samples collected are mounted on the wooden slab where it is being covered with cellophane.

22. Data Management First, there is one assign to measure the distances and angles. And another one is to collect the data and do the documentations. After the data being gathered, the immediate transferring of it to the Engineer’s Field Book comes next. Then, the gathered data are reviewed before leaving the area to re-assure that there is no single missing data. The data are also analyzed by the pair to comprehend and give out the findings and were able to discuss what they have found out. This is needed to illustrate the current and actual scenario of the place where the field study is conducted. Lastly, the derivation and drawing out of conclusions and recommendations are being formulated based on the data being gathered and managed.

23. health and safety The area assigned to the pair simply does not entail any health encounters since there are no inhabitants within the 200 meter parameter of the areas premises. The following are suggested for Slope Protection Riprap, gablons, and appropriate drainage structures will be provided. Slopes will be contoured to maximize natural revegetation. Volume of soil removed during excavation will be minimized. From time to time, local geologist and the residence of the region should observe any minute mass movement in order to mitigate and reduce hazards in the locale. Curbing along the roadside should be minimized to prevent destabilization of the rock that may lead to mass movements.

24. Conclusions The following are the conclusions drawn out by the pair in response to the claims and findings that they have found out: Bo. Baluyan, Malalag, Davao del Sur constitutes generally of thrusted sedimentary rocks and andesite intrusions. The presence of jointed, fractured, spheroidally and deeply weathered rocks possesses imminent danger to the traveling vehicles and human infrastructures. The possibility of road slip within the area might happen because of unfinished construction of the road.