DSpace 4.2 Basics & Configuration

DSpace 4.2
Advanced
Training
DSpace 4.2 Advanced Training by James Creel is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Special
thanks to the DuraSpace Foundation and the Texas Digital Library
for making this course possible.

Course Outline
• Day 1: Quick Review of DSpace Basics
DSpace Configuration
• Day 2: DSpace Content Transmission
• Day 3: Theming for the XMLUI
Preview of DSpace 5.0

Why XMLUI?
• Customizable, Modular, Extensible
• Themes
• Aspects
• Specific features
• Harvesting
• Controlled vocabulary

What goes into a DSpace
installation?
Source Code
Installer
Installation
Apache Tomcat Webserver
mvn package
ant build
Webapps Webapps

installation (1/4) – Source
Code
• Get it on sourceforge (zip) or GitHub
• Where does the source code live?
• C:Developmentdspace-4.2-src-release
• Call this [dspace-src-dir]

installation (2/4) - Installer
• Using mvn package from the [dspace-src-dir] we create the “installer”
at
[dspace-src-dir]dspacetargetdspace-4.2-build.
• The build directory will contain a build.xml for use with the Apache ant tool.
• Once packaged, this installer can be moved anywhere on the filesystem and
invoked. A bug in some JDKs on Windows will cause ant to crash if the directory
is too far nested, so you might need to move it up a bit in the filesystem!
• Apache ant will read a dspace.cfg file to determine where to install DSpace
and how to connect to the database among other details. By default, it will use
the configuration in its own config directory, but this can be overridden with the
–Dconfig= parameter.
• Configuration may also be customized by editing the build.properties
file.

installation (3/4) - Installation
• From the installer directory, we can do a new installation with
ant –Dconfig=[path-to-dspace.cfg] fresh_install
which will create an empty DSpace database and overwrite all the
configuration with what was specified
• We can update the code (leaving the database and configuration
untouched) with
ant –Dconfig=[path-to-dspace.cfg] update
• DSpace will be installed in the directory specified by your chosen
config file, in our case
• C:dspace
• Call this [dspace-installation-dir]

installation (4/4) - Webapps
The webapps under
[dspace-installation-dir]webapps
should then be deployed under Tomcat. I usually do this with a
symlink or by copying them over.

Structuring the
Repository Content
• Communities can contain sub-communities and collections
• Collections contain only items
• Items contain only bundles
• Bundles contain only bitstreams
• Bitstreams are the objects of ultimate interest

Structuring the Repository
Items available at 3rd tier
Communities and collections
Top level community or
communities
Comm-
unity
Collec-
tion
Item
Bundle
Bitstream Bitstream
Bundle
Bitstream
Item
Bundle
Bitstream
Sub-
Comm-
unity
Collec-
tion…
Sub-
Comm-
unity…

Some preliminaries
• Log in as admin@admin.com, password “admin”
• From the homepage,
create the first top-level community
• From the community’s page,
create the first collection
• Therein, submit the first item.
I used the text file sample.txt as the bitstream.

Accessing Content via XMLUI
• Communities, collections, and items are addressable by
handles.
• Bitstreams are addressable by their item’s handle plus a
filename or sequence number (note that a filename will
override a sequence number)
• Bundles are not directly addressable

Let’s view the item
• Click through the community/collection hierarchy to find the
item
• It is addressed via handle, for example:
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789
/3
• Consider a singular file within one of the item’s bundles:
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/3/
sample.txt?sequence=1
• Note that
sample.txt works just as well, as does
?sequence=1

Some basic functionality for review
• Moving and mapping items
• Editing metadata individually and in batch
• Managing epersons and groups
• Permissions
• Registries
• Format
• Metadata

Advanced DSpace 4.2
Training - Configuration
DSpace 4.2 Advanced Training by James Creel is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Special
thanks to the DuraSpace Foundation and the Texas Digital Library
for making this course possible.

Configuring DSpace 4.2
and the XMLUI
• Themes and Aspects
• Emails
• Authentication
• Item Submission
• Affordances for Information Seeking (i.e. exposing information)
• Configuring Statistics
• Configuring Media Filters
• Configuring Curation Tasks
• All the helper servers
• Handle server
• Solr
• SWORD
• OAI
• REST

Themes and Aspects
• Themes and aspects are applied in the
dspaceconfigxmlui.xconf configuration file.
• The root element, <xmlui> contains two sub-elements,
<aspects> and <themes>.

Theming for the XMLUI
• Inside the xmlui webapp, you can find a themes directory
containing the themes.
• Each theme is configured in its constituent sitemap.xmap
file.
• As with other configuration changes, the server must be
restarted to enact changes to how themes are applied.
• However, a currently applied theme may be edited on-the-fly.

Theming for the XMLUI
• Within your xmlui.xconf file, have a look at the <themes>
section.
• Use the handle attribute to apply to specific handles in your repo.
• Use the regex attribute to apply to pages based on their url path.
• Note that themes listed first will take precedence.
• Apply another theme to your favorite collection (look into your
xmlui/themes directory for a few options) by using a handle.
• Apply another theme to the community-list page using a regular
expression.
• Restart tomcat to see the effects.

Theming for the XMLUI -
Internationalization
• Within the xmlui/i18n directory, you will find the
messages.xml file.
• As part of the processing pipeline that generates XMLUI pages,
keys are replaced by locally human-readable text as specified
in the messages.
• This is also very important for branding your repository, as you
might not want it always referred to as “DSpace”. Brand your
repository appropriately if desired.

Aspects in the XMLUI
• Within your xmlui.xconf file, have a look at the
<aspects> section.
• Aspects are Java code that interacts with DSpace entities and
contribute to the DRI (Digital Repository Interface) XML that is
subsequently styled by the applied theme.
• Uncomment the Versioning aspect and restart Tomcat to see
this new functionality on the sample item’s page.

System Emails (1/4) - Configure
DSpace to send email
• Open jEdit and bring up dspace.cfg
• Set the following values:
• mail.server=gator3159.hostgator.com
• mail.server.username =
dspacetraining@brazosdatatech.com
• mail.server.password = SuperSecretP@55w0rd
• Uncomment the 3 lines of mail.extraproperties

System Emails (2/4) - Check that
email works
• DSpace provides a nice command line facility to check email
functionality without having to go through any real workflows.
• From the command line, run the test-email script.

System Emails (3/4) - DSpace
email templates
• Once email is working, customizing email texts is one of the
easiest customizations one can do.
• Simply find the email template of interest in
C:dspaceconfigemails
• Changes to these files do not require a restart of Tomcat
• The significance of the numbers in braces depends on the
calling Java class, and can be determined from the context.

System Emails (4/4) – Try out an
email template modification
• Make some modifications to the register email template.
• Navigate to the landing page, and click register on the right-
hand menu (or on the login page)
• Put in an email address you can get to over the web – if you
need one, ask me to get temporarily set up.
• Check your email to see whether your changes were effective.

Authentication - Introduction
• Configuring the Authentication Stack
• IP-based authentication
• Institutional authentication with attributes

Configuring IP-based
authentication (1/2)
• Create a new eperson group for your DSpace repository.
• Pick an item and set its bitstream’s permissions such that only
members of the new group can read it.
• Delete the existing policy
• Add a new policy for the group

Configuring IP-based
authentication (2/2)
• Bring up [dspace-install-
dir]configmodulesauthentication.cfg
• Find the stack of authentication methods
• Add org.dspace.authenticate.IPAuthentication
• Bring up [dspace-install-
dir]configmodulesauthentication-ip.cfg
• Add your ip to a new ip.GROUPNAME line.
• What is your ip? Due to the vagaries of networking, this is best
determined by checking [dspace-install-
dir]logdspace.log.[date] for today’s date.
• Restart tomcat, ensure you’re logged out, and see if you can read
the item.
• Pro Tip: If you’re behind a load balancer or another proxying server,
set useProxies = true in dspace.cfg and make sure your
sysadmin forwards the ip headers

Configuring Attribute-based
Authentication
• LDAP and Shibboleth are two institutional authentication
schemes that can be used to convey headers full of attributes
to DSpace.
• Enable in XMLUI by adding their module’s classes to the auth
stack.
• Both employ an autoregister field in their configurations that
permits users to be registered as epersons automatically upon
logging in with the institutional authenticator.

Authentication – LDAP attributes
• Configure with the file [dspace-install-
dir]configmodulesauthentication-ldap.cfg
• Denote your institution’s LDAP server, as with for ex.
provider_url = ldap://ldap.myu.edu/o=myu.edu
• Authentication occurs based on an object context, as with
object_context = ou=people, o=myu.edu
• When autoregistering the eperson,
• eperson metadata (username, email, phone, etc) are populated from
specified LDAP values, for ex.
id_field = uid
email_field = mail
• Metadata are looked up based on a search context, as with
search_context = ou=people, o=myu.edu
• Check with your LDAP provider for your local configuration.

Authentication – LDAP Group
Mapping
• All LDAP authenticated users can be put into a specific group
with the configuration value login.specialgroup =
group-name
• Specific group mappings on the basis of LDAP DNs
(distinguished names) are achieved with the
login.groupmap.[n] (for n > 0) values. These values
are DN substrings followed by a colon and a DSpace group, for
ex. login.groupmap.1 = ou=Students:students

Authentication – Shibboleth
Attributes
• Configure with authentication-shibboleth.cfg
• Two types of sessions: lazy and active
• Lazy sessions may be required by the application when needed,
so are suitable for DSpace instances where many pages should be
public
• Active sessions restrict domains entirely and so run counter to
open access
• The lazy session login URL may be specified as with
authentication.shib.lazysession.loginurl =
/Shibboleth.sso/Login
• eperson attributes may be populated specifically in the case of
netid, surname, given name, and email, and en masse with a
list. These mappings are achieved as with, for ex.
email-header = SHIB-MAIL

Authentication – Shibboleth Role-
based Group Mapping
• Shibboleth attributes may be scoped by means of the at-sign
‘@’ as in attribute@scope
• In order to map epersons into groups based on Shibboleth
attributes, first determine how to deal with the scoping of the
attributes.
• Optionally, one may ignore attributes (use scope only) or ignore
scope and just use the attribute
• In addition, one must specify which header to examine for the
role attributes, e.g.
role-header = SHIB_SCOPED_AFFILIATION
• Finally , epersons can be assigned to groups based on
attributes, e.g.
role.faculty = Faculty, Member

Final Thoughts on Authentication
• Centralized methods require coordination with Campus or
Department IT.
• Groups are determined dynamically based on the headers for
each session and not stored in the database. This can be
desirable as people’s roles change at an institution.

Submission Workflows - Topics
• Creating new submission workflows
• Applying customizations to specific collections
• Creating custom input forms

Submission Workflow (1/5) –
modifying the workflow
• Use jEdit to open the file C:dspaceconfigitem-
submission.xml
• There are 3 crucial sections to the file:
• <submission-map> Maps workflows to collections
• <step-definitions> If you want to re-use specific
submission workflow steps, describe their headings and java
classes here
• <submission-definitions> Describes workflows in
terms of their individual steps

• Consider the <submission-definitions> section at
the bottom.
• The default order for steps is familiar: Select Collection ->
Initial Questions -> Describe -> Upload -> Verify -> License ->
Complete
• We can easily duplicate the traditional workflow, rename it,
modify it, and apply it.

• Copy the traditional submission process in order to make a
new <submission-process> with a name of your
choosing.
• Move the upload step to be step 2.
• Change the default <name-map> in the <submission-
map> at the top to use the new submission process.
• Restart Tomcat.
• Try out the new workflow.

Submission Workflow (4/5)-
Customizing the submission form
for a specific collection
• Obtain the handle of a non-harvested collection.
• Restore the default to traditional submission mapping.
• Make a new mapping from your chosen collection to the
modified workflow.
• Restart tomcat once more, and make sure the modified
workflow properly applies

Enabling Advanced Embargo
• Enabling this feature requires the additional step of setting
webui.submission.restrictstep.enableAdvanc
edForm=true in the dspace.cfg
• Visit the item-submission.xml file again, comment out
the UploadStep, and uncomment the ManageAccess
and UploadWithEmbargo steps in the new workflow.
• Restart tomcat, and visit the item submission again to see the
new steps.

Creating Custom Input Forms
(1/5)
• Use jEdit to open the file C:dspaceconfiginput-
forms.xml
• Similarly to the item-submission.xml file, you will find a
<form-map> section and a <form-definitions>
section.
• Within the <form-definitions> are <form> elements
which characterize the metadata input.

(2/5)
• DSpace 4.2 has a traditional form with exactly 2 pages (recall
that there are two pages of strictly metadata-oriented input in
the traditional submission workflow.
• Let’s duplicate the form element and give it a new name.
• Then, let’s map the new form(s) to the same collection we did
for our un-traditional submission workflow.

(3/5)
• The pages can be modified in a number of ways –
• Target metadata field (schema, element, qualifier)
• Labels
• Repeatability
• Input-type
• Requirement
• In addition, we can customize the value pairs used for
dropdowns (that’s one of the input types).

(4/5)
• Let’s create a dropdown for dc.format (or another field if
you like)
• First, make a <value-pairs> with an appropriate value-
pairs-name attribute and a specific dc-term attribute
element inside the <form-value-pairs> element.
• Next, make some <pair> elements inside the new value-
pairs element.
• Finally, make a new <field> element inside of the <page
number=“1”> element to use the new value list.
• Restart tomcat and check it out!

Custom Input Forms (5/5) -
Customizing the Submission
Workflow for Item Types
• The element <type-bind>, containing comma-delimited
dc.type values, may be contained in a <field> element.
• This can only affect the workflow after the dc.type value has
been set (so, typically, on the second page of metadata entry)
• Try adding <type-bind> for some appropriate types such as
“article” to the dc.description.abstract field on the second
page of the input forms.
• Restart Tomcat to see the effects.

Controlled Vocabularies for Input
Fields (1/3)
• With controlled vocabularies in DSpace, submitters can
choose specific string values that are specified in an XML
document, eliminating the ambiguity of free-text fields (at
least for anyone who comprehends the semantics of the
contents of the XML document)
• Let’s fabricate a controlled vocabulary for the
dc.subject.classification field which comes in the default
registry.

Fields (2/3)
• Here is the grammar for the XML files:
• The root element is a <node> element
• It has an id and a label attribute.
• It may contain an <isComposedBy> element.
• An <isComposedBy> element can contain one or more
<node> elements.
• These xml files belong in the [dspace-installation-
dir]configcontrolled-vocabularies directory
• The following vocabularies are already provided:
• nsi.xml - The Norwegian Science Index
• srsc.xml - Swedish Research Subject Categories

Fields (3/3)
• Make an XML file with, say, 3 <node> elements and save it to
the controller-vocabularies directory.
• Add a new field for dc.subject.classification to
the 2nd page of one of your metadata submission input forms.
• Include the additional element <vocabulary
closed=“true”>[name]</vocabulary> where
name is what you named your xml file (minus the xml
extension).
• Restart Tomcat and check out your new vocabulary!

Enabling Information Seeking -
Outline
• Faceted search (aka “Discovery”)
• Handles
• DOIs
• Deprecated Legacy Search/Browse

Discovery (i.e. facets)
• A popular paradigm for information-seeking
tasks.
• The user selects a value for a metadata field.
This results in a smaller space of items to search.
• The user may select a value for another
metadata field value that is still available in the
new search space, resulting in a still smaller
search space.

Configuring Discovery (1/7)
• Configuration for the discovery feature may be found in
[dspace-install-
dir]configspringapidiscovery.xml
• Herein, one may make bean definitions for the Java Spring
framework, a means of configuring Java class instances for
enterprise applications.
• The beans have
• id attributes that are used to reference them by name in Java
application code, and
• class attributes that name the Java class that the bean
instantiates and configures

• By analogy with the configuration of input forms and
workflows which are mapped to specific handles (communites
and collections), the discovery.xml file includes a bean
that maps discovery configurations to handles.
• This mapping bean has (eliding prefixes) both an id and a class of
DiscoveryConfigurationService
• Find the entry elements inside the map sub-element of this
bean.
• The entry elements will contain a key attribute referencing the
target handle and a value-ref attribute referencing the discovery
configuration to use.

There are two privileged key attribute values that are not handles
used in the entry elements:
And the optional key=“site” entry element which solely
impacts the default search page and the repository homepage

• The discovery.xml file comes stock with a bean of id
defaultConfiguration which is used by the default
mapping.
• The most expedient means of reconfiguring the facets for a certain
community or collection is to copy this bean , rename (i.e. change
the id) of it, and add the mapping to the
DiscoveryConfigurationService near the top of the file.
• Next, we will try adding a field to our new configuration.

• Under the comment
we find the beans representing our facets.
• Within the org.dspace.discovery.configuration
package there are the classes
• DiscoverySearchFilter - used for facets that appear only in
the dropdown on the Discovery search page
• DiscoverySearchFilterFacet – used for facets that may
appear in both the clickable Discovery sidebar widget and the
Discovery search dropdown
• HierarchicalSidebarFacetConfiguration – used for
facets that are compatible with hierarchically expressed metadata
field values such as those enabled by the controlled vocabulary
mechainsm.
• NOTE: If you want a facet to appear on the sidebar, it must also
appear in the Discovery search dropdown!

• Within a given Discovery configuration bean, there are two
crucial lists:
• It is by adding and removing references to the search filter
beans that we can effect changes to the sidebar facet and
Discovery search dropdown facet lists respectively.

• As a simple test of Discovery configuration, we can take a
freshly duplicated bean of the defaultConfiguration
bean (first changing the id)
• Then, duplicate the searchFilterAuthor bean among the search
filter configuration beans
• Change its id and targeted Dublin Core field(s)
• Change the indexFieldName property
• This one is a DiscoverySearchFilterFacet instance, so it is
able to appear on both the sidebar and search page.
• Add this new search filter configuration bean to the lists in the
new configuration bean

Indexing for Discovery
• A Solr webapp is provided in Tomcat’s webapps directory. See
that Tomcat is running it at http://localhost:8080/solr
• Solr will offer to a client on localhost a webform to query its
discovery index
• From the command line, run [dspace-install-
dir]bindspace index-discovery
• Add –b to the end of that if you get a java-related error about
binary formats
• Add -b and –f if your facets stubbornly fail to appear on the
sidebar
• Add –h to get the help text about all the options

Try out some faceted search
• Restart and bring back up your repository.
• Your Discovery facets will appear on the right – but, as
usual, work might remain in the messages!

Naturally, if it works on the
sidebar, it works in the search
interface.

Final Considerations on
Discovery
• For customizing the search/browse affordances on a collection
basis, a far more lightweight tool than XMLUI themes.
• Hierarchical fields enable the facet values to be cut down to
the final leaf by mean of a delimiter (the double colon “::” in
the case of the default controlled vocabulary configuration) –
Thus, for example, Everything::Entity appears as Entity under
the subject facet.
• SearchArtifacts is deprecated and disabled by default in 4.1.
This will be a transition worth the costs.

Handles
• Once you have a handle prefix assigned by CNRI (as described
in the Server Configuration section below), set your handle
prefix in dspace.cfg under the parameter
handle.prefix

Digital Object Identifiers
(DOIs) in DSpace
• May be used in parallel with the handle functionality that is
inextricable from DSpace (and will continue to be used for
item’s URLs)
• Requires registration with an agency, of which there are many.
• Available Java Beans in DSpace implement for the DataCite
and EZID services – for others, custom code is required.
• No facility exists for multiple DSpaces (or other repository
instances) to share a prefix and namespace separator and
coordinate DOI mintage – but modify the namespace
separator between DSpace instances and you will be good to
go.

(DOIs) with DataCite
• Lots to configure - assigned prefix, credentials, and update
event handling in dspace.cfg
• Change value of variable ‘publisher’ in [dspace-install-
dir]/config/crosswalks/DIM2DataCite.xsl
• Uncomment beans in [dspace-install-
dir]/config/spring/api/identifier-
service.xml
• Set up cron jobs to talk to the DataCite API
• See the docs for details if this is your use case.

(DOIs) with EZID
• Less to configure – uncomment the EZID block in dspace.cfg
• Uncomment beans in [dspace-install-
dir]/config/spring/api/identifier-
service.xml
• Optionally configure the metadata mapping on the bean
• See the docs for details if this is your use case.

Activating Legacy
Search/Browse
• Open the file C:dspaceconfigxmlui.xconf
• Comment out the Discovery aspect and uncomment the
Search Artifacts aspect
• In dspace.cfg, do the following:
• Remove discovery to the list of
event.dispatcher.default.consumers
• Change recent.submissions.count to five or so
• Enable the ItemCountDAO, BrowseDAO,
BrowseCreateDAO classes for Postgres (instead of Solr)

Changing the Browse Indexes (1/4)
• Return to the dspace.cfg file.
• Track down where the webui.browse.index.n
entries begin
• We can here add and remove indexes – I chose to add
dc.format:
webui.browse.index.5 =
format:metadata:dc.format:text

• As it happens, we haven’t initialized our browse and browse
indices yet. That needs to be done at the command line with:
C:dspacebindspace index-db-browse –f
C:dspacebindspace index-lucene-init -f
• Restart Tomcat
• The new index should show up – if not, click around to another
page, or try deleting Tomcat’s cache (it is the
C:DevelopmenttomcatworkCatalinalocalh
ostxmlui directory). Caching issues are known to exist
on the server…

• Once you see your new index choice, you will note that it
is rather user unfriendly:
xmlui.ArtifactBrowser.Navigation.browse_format

• Here are the message keys required to render the new browse
field nicely:
• xmlui.ArtifactBrowser.Navigation.browse_format
(on the sidebar)
• xmlui.ArtifactBrowser.ConfigurableBrowse.title.
metadata.format (atop the browse-by controls)
• xmlui.ArtifactBrowser.ConfigurableBrowse.format
.column_heading (atop the table of results)
• xmlui.ArtifactBrowser.ConfigurableBrowse.trail.
metadata.format (in the breadcrumb trail)
• Provide some reasonable interpretations for these keys in the
messages.
• Ctrl+C Tomcat, delete its cache, and restart to see the
improvements.

Additional Configurations
• Statistics
• Media Filters
• Curation Tasks

Statistics - Outline
• Repository Overview
• Handle level
• Administrative view
• Google analytics

Statistics –
Repository Overview
• Usage – Top ten items
• Search – Top ten terms and click through
• Workflow – Total actions performed

Statistics – Handles
(i.e. Items and Collections)
• Usage – Total views as well as monthly views for the past 7 months
• Search – Top ten terms and click through
• Workflow – Total actions performed
• Accessible on the sidebar when viewing any DSpace object
• Visibility of these pages can be restricted to administrators in the
[dspace-install-dir]configmodulesusage-
statistics.cfg file

Statistics – Administrative
View
• Requires a few command-line tasks to activate
• stat-initial
• stat-report-initial
• stat-general
• stat-report-general
• stat-monthly
• stat-report-monthly
• Logged in as administrator, look to Administrative => Statistics
on the sidebar

Statistics –
Google Analytics
• An alternative approach to tracking your repository
• Requires a Google Analytics account, which in turn provides
you a tracking key for your domain
• The key and associated JavaScript must then be put on your
website – DSpace facilitates this in the XMLUI with the
configuration value
xmlui.google.analytics.key=UA-XXXXXX-X

Configuring Media Filters
• Open up dspace.cfg
• Find the “Media Filter / Format Filter” portion.

Configuring Media Filters
• There are several setting groups of note:
• filter.plugins activaties the filters with their human-
readable names
• plugin.named.org.dspace.app.mediafilter.Form
atFilter assigns human-readable names to the Java classes
implementing the filters
• filter.org.dspace.app.mediafilter.X.inputfor
mats designates the formats to which filter X applies

Configuring Curation Tasks
• A relatively simple way to implement and apply custom
operations to repository objects.
• Activate with the
plugin.named.org.dspace.curate.CurationTask
setting, which will consist of key-value pairs such as
• org.dspace.curate.ProfileFormats =
profileformats
• Where the key is the Java class and the value is the designation
used for further configuration

DSpace’s Helper Servers
• The Handle Server
• Apache Solr - a webservice
using Apache Lucene
• SWORD – Simple Webservice
Offering Repository Deposit
• Open Archives Initiative
• REST API – Representational State
Transfer Application Programming
Interface.

DSpace’s Helper Servers
• All except the handle server exist as webapps under Tomcat
• The handle server is started separately from the command
line.

The Handle Server
• Run [dspace-installation-dir]/bin/dspace make-handle-config
[dspace-installation-dir]/handle-server to do the initial setup.
• Next, register your institution with CNRI to get your repository
prefix: http://www.handle.net/service_agreement.html ,
agree to pay some money, and upload the generated
sitebndl.zip file.
• Wait a week…

The Handle Server
• Edit the [dspace-installation-dir]/handle-
server/config.dct file and inside the “server_config”
block set the pairs
"storage_type" = "CUSTOM" and
"storage_class" =
"org.dspace.handle.HandlePlugin"
and change
YOUR_NAMING_AUTHORITY to the handle prefix you get
from CNRI
• The server can be started with [dspace-installation-
dir]/bin/start-handle-server. Make sure port 2641 is
open through your firewall.
• If you’ve been running DSpace for some time without real handles,
you can migrate the previously generated ones with the script
update-handle-prefix

The Solr Server
• Service underpinning the Discovery aspect, Statistics aspect,
and OAI service
• Not visible to anyone except the localhost since queries upon
it can reveal restricted items.
• One can check functionality quickly however, with a wget at
the localhost’s command line or by seeing if the repository
statistics page shows any content whatsoever.

The Solr Server
• Solr configuration is set up for you automatically on a fresh
install, but you might want to edit it after the fact if you keep
the services elsewhere on the network or want to tweak the
indexing and searching functionality.
• The three services (oai, search, and statistics) are denoted in
[dspace-install-dir]/solr/solr.xml
• Each is configured in its own conf directory, as with
[dspace-install-dir]/solr/statistics/conf

The SWORD Server(s)
• SWORD v1 configured in [dspace-install-dir]modulessword-
server.cfg
• SWORD v2 configured in [dspace-install-
dir]modulesswordv2-server.cfg
• Noteworthy configuration values –
• URLs for servicedocument and deposit
• Which types of packages to accept

The OAI Server
• Relies on Solr in DSpace 4.2
• Initialize with [dspace-installation-
dir]/bin/dspace oai import
• Disseminates metadata with XSL configurable crosswalks

The OAI Server
• Crosswalks (and contexts) can be added (or removed) by editing
[dspace-install-
dir]/config/crosswalks/oai/xoai.xml
• The context determines the end of the URL path, for example
“request” is the context of
http://localhost:8080/oai/request
• Once a new XSL file is in place, it can be denoted in the <Formats>
section with a unique id attribute and invoked as a <Format>
with the corresponding refid attribute in the appropriate
<Context>
• Just to see an example of how to add a new format, you can copy
and rename an existing one and activate it in xoai.xml

The REST API
• Read-only access for the Anonymous user
• Simply provides JSON responses statelessly, and is not
configurable short of changes to how Tomcat serves it
• Changes or additions to the JSON responses would require
some Java coding

Final Thoughts on
Configuration
• Everything requires a restart, which can be a pain in production
environments requiring scheduling and after-hours work.
• Wondering about whether and how something can be done? The
DSpace Wiki is your friend:
https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSDOC4x/DSpace+4.x+Documentation
• If you lose functionality after an upgrade, one of the configuration
files is probably to blame. An upgrade requires a comparison of the
new stock configurations with your old ones (line by line!). Specific
issues can be addressed by checking the docs regarding the feature
in question.
• [dspace-install-dir]/log/dspace.log.[today’s
date] is a great place to start looking if you’re stumped about
your repository not acting as expected.

DSpace 4.2 Basics & Configuration

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