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Sustainable Transport Solutions in Emerging Economies
Working Session - 10:30am-12:30pm
May 15, 2013
Future Megacities in Action Conference
Holger Dalkmann
Director, EMBARQ
World Resources Institute
The Global Network of EMBARQ
CONGESTION
ROAD SAFETY
CLIMATE CHANGE
PUBLIC HEALTH
2-5 cost of GDP through traffic
congerestion
Transport accounts for one-quarter of
global CO2 emissions
Traffic fatalities lead to 1.2 million deaths
every year and many more injuries
Physical inactivity causes 1 in 10 deaths
worldwide, on par with smoking
Paradigm Shift: Trend vs. Leapfrogging
Cheonggyecheon, Seoul, South Korea
Ahmedabad, India
3.3 million 1992 6.4 million 2011
Two Options: Sustainable or Unsustainable?
Today
Ahmedabad, India
Population: 5.4m
Trips: 5.6m/yr
Year 2041
Population: 13.2m
Trips: 39.8m/yr
Automobility
Area: 6,484 sq. km
Emissions: 12.32m tCO2/yr
Traffic Fatalities: 5,232/yr
Sustainable Transport
Area: 50% reduction
Emissions: 84% reduction
Traffic Fatalities: 74% reduction
• Same population
• Same number of trips
• Very different outcomes
Transport Infrastructure Investment Estimates
Source: CEPT University, 12FYP, 2011
$10 Million
2030
0.4 Billion
USD/Year
0.6 Billion
USD/Year
1.2 Billion
USD/Year
0.8 Billion
USD/Year
8
9
Non-motorized
mobility
Public Transport
Public Spaces
Compact
development
with mixed-uses
Ground Floor for
commercial use
Parking & car
management
Community
Participation
Rethinking Urban Development: Mobility
Non-motorized
mobility
Public Transport
Public Spaces
Compact
development
with mixed-uses
Ground Floor for
commercial use
Parking & car
management
Community
Participation
Rethinking Urban Development: Mobility
Bus Rapid Transport in Mexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo: CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo:CTSEMBARQMexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Photo:CTS EMBARQ Mexico
Evolution of BRT system in Mexico
2003 2005 2008 2009 2011
Length: 26 km
Fleet: 61
Length: 46 km
Fleet: 156
Length: 55 km
Fleet: 216
Length: 92 km
Fleet: 330
Length: 128 km
Fleet: 472
1,164,000
pp/day
2012
Length: 156 km
Fleet: 526
1,114,000
pp/day814,000
pp/day552,000
pp/day497,000
pp/day
237,000
pp/day
4 lines, 156 km in 9 years, 500 buses, 1.160,000 people/day
Replaced 1,383 obsolete, highly polluting microbuses
17% of the users come from individual motor vehicles
110,000 tons of CO2 per year reduced (total 385,000 tons
reduced so far)
40% travel time savings per user (180,000 hours per year)
35% reduction in exposure to particulate matter (PM 2.5)
Metrobus in Numbers
Particulate matter emissions from ULSD
with technologies are similar to CNG
ULSD +
tech
Non-ULSD
+ no
filters
Integrated Transport Systems: Mexico City
Inter-urban transport
companies
Airport
BRT system
Metro system
Bike system
Suburban rail system
In 2009, the Mexican Federal government instituted the
Public Transportation Federal Support Program
(PROTRAM) to fund public transportation improvements
BRT systems are being promoted in 35 cities in Mexico with
the support from the Federal government
PROTRAM funds mass transit systems in cities with
population over 500 thousand people
Upscaling: Mass Transit Program (PROTRAM)
35 BRT Systems:
o 5 build/under construction
o 30 under review / identification
BRT systems in Mexico
EMBARQ provides
technical advisory for
the implementation of
BRT systems:
1) identification
2) Preparation
3) Evaluation
4) Implementation
5) Monitoring
BRT Chihuahua
BRT Mexicali
BRT Ecovía Monterrey
BRT Chimalhuacán
BRT Tampico
BRT Acapulco
BRT Lechería
BRT Tijuana
BRT Puebla
Metrobus Line 5
BRT Monterrey
BRT Villahermosa
BRT Cd. Azteca - Tecámac
BRT Toluca
Authorized
Under review
Tren Sub 1 Cuautitlán
BRT Oaxaca
BT Puebla 2
Tren LRT Guadalajara
BRT Pachuca
BRT Cd Juarez
BRT León
Under construction
Opposition from private bus operators to bus transport
improvements, including BRT systems
Institutional capacity to design and implement BRT projects
Despite rapid implementation, BRT systems are influenced
by the time of political appointments
Scrapping buses only in a limited number of cases; in most
cases “replaced buses” are reallocated in other areas
Limited strategies to socialize the project to the public both
before and after completion
Challenges in the planning and implementation process
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
0
5
10
15
20
25
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
CumulativeNumberofCities
NewCitiesTracking BRT Adoption: Expanding Mobility
Around the World
2010: Guangzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang – China;
Jaipur - India; Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit –
UK; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga – Colombia;
Ecatepec- Mexico; Lima - Peru; Brampton – Canada; …
2000: Bogotá
(TransMilenio),
Colombia
1974: Curitiba
source: BRTdata.org, April, 2013
BRT Use is Expanding Around the World
source: EMBARQ, 2011
Planned / in
construction
(83 cities)
In expansion
(23 cities)
In operation
(156 cities)
Flickr user: mariordo59
Curitiba, Colombia Delhi, India
Guangzhou, China Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Non-motorized
mobility
Public Transport
Public Spaces
Compact
development
with mixed-uses
Ground Floor for
commercial use
Parking & car
management
Community
Participation
Rethinking Urban Development: Mobility
Solutions need to be integrated and enable
accessibility
First step of innovation is easy – continuation is the
main challenge
Only managing the supply, but not the demand is
insufficient
Institutional arrangement is a pre-condition for
enabling change
National financial framework can help to upscale
solutions
Final remarks
Thank you
Holger Dalkmann - HDalkmann@wri.org
EMBARQ.org
TheCityFix.com
Questions? Comments? Contact us at embarq@wri.org
Follow us on Twitter: @EMBARQnetwork
Contact

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Sustainable Transport Solutions in Emerging Economies - Holger Dalkmann - EMBARQ - Future Megacities in Action 2013 - 15 May 2013

  • 1. Sustainable Transport Solutions in Emerging Economies Working Session - 10:30am-12:30pm May 15, 2013 Future Megacities in Action Conference Holger Dalkmann Director, EMBARQ World Resources Institute
  • 2. The Global Network of EMBARQ
  • 3. CONGESTION ROAD SAFETY CLIMATE CHANGE PUBLIC HEALTH 2-5 cost of GDP through traffic congerestion Transport accounts for one-quarter of global CO2 emissions Traffic fatalities lead to 1.2 million deaths every year and many more injuries Physical inactivity causes 1 in 10 deaths worldwide, on par with smoking
  • 4. Paradigm Shift: Trend vs. Leapfrogging Cheonggyecheon, Seoul, South Korea
  • 5. Ahmedabad, India 3.3 million 1992 6.4 million 2011
  • 6. Two Options: Sustainable or Unsustainable? Today Ahmedabad, India Population: 5.4m Trips: 5.6m/yr Year 2041 Population: 13.2m Trips: 39.8m/yr Automobility Area: 6,484 sq. km Emissions: 12.32m tCO2/yr Traffic Fatalities: 5,232/yr Sustainable Transport Area: 50% reduction Emissions: 84% reduction Traffic Fatalities: 74% reduction • Same population • Same number of trips • Very different outcomes
  • 7. Transport Infrastructure Investment Estimates Source: CEPT University, 12FYP, 2011 $10 Million 2030 0.4 Billion USD/Year 0.6 Billion USD/Year 1.2 Billion USD/Year 0.8 Billion USD/Year
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  • 10. Non-motorized mobility Public Transport Public Spaces Compact development with mixed-uses Ground Floor for commercial use Parking & car management Community Participation Rethinking Urban Development: Mobility
  • 11. Non-motorized mobility Public Transport Public Spaces Compact development with mixed-uses Ground Floor for commercial use Parking & car management Community Participation Rethinking Urban Development: Mobility
  • 12. Bus Rapid Transport in Mexico
  • 22. Evolution of BRT system in Mexico 2003 2005 2008 2009 2011 Length: 26 km Fleet: 61 Length: 46 km Fleet: 156 Length: 55 km Fleet: 216 Length: 92 km Fleet: 330 Length: 128 km Fleet: 472 1,164,000 pp/day 2012 Length: 156 km Fleet: 526 1,114,000 pp/day814,000 pp/day552,000 pp/day497,000 pp/day 237,000 pp/day
  • 23. 4 lines, 156 km in 9 years, 500 buses, 1.160,000 people/day Replaced 1,383 obsolete, highly polluting microbuses 17% of the users come from individual motor vehicles 110,000 tons of CO2 per year reduced (total 385,000 tons reduced so far) 40% travel time savings per user (180,000 hours per year) 35% reduction in exposure to particulate matter (PM 2.5) Metrobus in Numbers
  • 24. Particulate matter emissions from ULSD with technologies are similar to CNG ULSD + tech Non-ULSD + no filters
  • 25. Integrated Transport Systems: Mexico City Inter-urban transport companies Airport BRT system Metro system Bike system Suburban rail system
  • 26. In 2009, the Mexican Federal government instituted the Public Transportation Federal Support Program (PROTRAM) to fund public transportation improvements BRT systems are being promoted in 35 cities in Mexico with the support from the Federal government PROTRAM funds mass transit systems in cities with population over 500 thousand people Upscaling: Mass Transit Program (PROTRAM)
  • 27. 35 BRT Systems: o 5 build/under construction o 30 under review / identification BRT systems in Mexico EMBARQ provides technical advisory for the implementation of BRT systems: 1) identification 2) Preparation 3) Evaluation 4) Implementation 5) Monitoring BRT Chihuahua BRT Mexicali BRT Ecovía Monterrey BRT Chimalhuacán BRT Tampico BRT Acapulco BRT Lechería BRT Tijuana BRT Puebla Metrobus Line 5 BRT Monterrey BRT Villahermosa BRT Cd. Azteca - Tecámac BRT Toluca Authorized Under review Tren Sub 1 Cuautitlán BRT Oaxaca BT Puebla 2 Tren LRT Guadalajara BRT Pachuca BRT Cd Juarez BRT León Under construction
  • 28. Opposition from private bus operators to bus transport improvements, including BRT systems Institutional capacity to design and implement BRT projects Despite rapid implementation, BRT systems are influenced by the time of political appointments Scrapping buses only in a limited number of cases; in most cases “replaced buses” are reallocated in other areas Limited strategies to socialize the project to the public both before and after completion Challenges in the planning and implementation process
  • 29. 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 5 10 15 20 25 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 CumulativeNumberofCities NewCitiesTracking BRT Adoption: Expanding Mobility Around the World 2010: Guangzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang – China; Jaipur - India; Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit – UK; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga – Colombia; Ecatepec- Mexico; Lima - Peru; Brampton – Canada; … 2000: Bogotá (TransMilenio), Colombia 1974: Curitiba source: BRTdata.org, April, 2013
  • 30. BRT Use is Expanding Around the World source: EMBARQ, 2011 Planned / in construction (83 cities) In expansion (23 cities) In operation (156 cities)
  • 31. Flickr user: mariordo59 Curitiba, Colombia Delhi, India Guangzhou, China Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • 32. Non-motorized mobility Public Transport Public Spaces Compact development with mixed-uses Ground Floor for commercial use Parking & car management Community Participation Rethinking Urban Development: Mobility
  • 33. Solutions need to be integrated and enable accessibility First step of innovation is easy – continuation is the main challenge Only managing the supply, but not the demand is insufficient Institutional arrangement is a pre-condition for enabling change National financial framework can help to upscale solutions Final remarks
  • 35. Holger Dalkmann - HDalkmann@wri.org EMBARQ.org TheCityFix.com Questions? Comments? Contact us at embarq@wri.org Follow us on Twitter: @EMBARQnetwork Contact