1. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
MANAGING DIVERSITY
Gender Stereotypes : Moving forward together !
Gender stereotypes study (IMS, 2012)
Maureen BOIS (2004)
Patrick SCHARNITZKY
Affiliate Professor ESCP Europe
Human Resource & Change Management Manager
BEARING POINT
Emmanuelle LEON
Karine CONTE (1989)
Professor ESCP Europe
Scientific Director of the Advanced Master in HR
& Organizational Management
Laurent DEPOND (1986)
Manufacturing School Manager, RENAULT
VP Diversity & Inclusion, ORANGE
Stéphanie GUEDEZ (2012)
Diversity & Inclusion Manager, AIRBUS

2. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
WHY STEREOTYPES ?
Managing Diversity : 2 strategies
PROCESS
MENTALITIES

3. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
STEREOTYPES
IN HEAVEN
The French are the cooks
The Italians are the lovers
The English are the police officers
The Germans are the workers
And everything is organised by the
Swiss
IN HELL
The English are the cooks
The Swiss are the lovers
The Germans are the police officers
The French are the workers
And everything is organised by the
Italians

4. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Research program :
• 2011 : Stereotypes and disability
• 2012 : Gender stereotypes
• 2014 : Stereotypes and origins
Financial support from F.S.E.
and 9 companies
About 900 managers
www.valeursetdeveloppement.com

5. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
3 STEREOTYPES
HETERO
AUTO
META
♂
♀
♀
♀
♂
♀
♂
♂
♂
♀

6. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of
view about women and men
CLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine
environment but « integrated » by women
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization,
defense strategies which are ineffective
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify
stereotypes

7. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of
view about women and men
CLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine
environment but « integrated » by women
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization,
defense strategies which are ineffective
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify
stereotypes

8. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
MASCULINE
COMPETENCIES
EXPERTISE
KNOWLEDGE
As seen by men
27,5
SOFT SKILL
As seen by women
10,1
11,9
33,6
60,6
FEMININE
COMPETENCIES
56,3

9. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Content of free associations
(men’s and women’s answers)
MASCULINE
COMPETENCIES
FEMININE
COMPETENCIES
KNOWLEDGE
Logical intelligence,
analytical skills
Intuitive intelligence,
creativity
EXPERTISE
Doing orientation, strategy,
leadership, authority
Organisation, rigour, attention
to detail, teamwork
SOFT SKILLS
Negotiation, stress
management, communication
Listening skills, empathy,
tact, sensitivity

10. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of
view about women and men
CLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine
environment but « integrated » by women
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization,
defense strategies which are ineffective
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify
stereotypes

11. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
STEREOTYPES
+
AUTO
HETERO
META
5,0
4,6
4,1
-
3,7
Women
3,9
4,6
Men

12. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
As managers, men
appreciate women …
Women
managers
Women
As managers, women
appreciate women …
Women managers
Women top
leaders
Women
Women top
leaders
Managers’ point of
view (men)
Managers’ point of
view (women)
… who « remain at their place » !
… who are similar to them !

13. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of
view about women and men
CLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine
environment but « integrated » by women
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization,
defense strategies which are ineffective
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify
stereotypes

14. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Self-limitation
THE GLASS CEILING
Men
Women
INTERNAL CAUSES
20 %
34 %
41 %
51 %
INTERNAL CAUSES
Men
Women
Women limit themselves
29 %
54 %
Women are less attracted by power
40 %
49 %
Linked to women themselves
EXTERNAL CAUSES
Independent of women

15. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Masculinization
Women are sometimes harder than men in their
management
85 %
Women become more career-oriented than men
53 %
Women can be very tough with their female colleagues
44 %
“Some women could be a role model for other women. Instead they are killers, they say to
themselves : ‘I suffered to reach that level, so they have to suffer as well!’”
« In a feedback after an interview, we spoke about my eyes, the way I dress... I took it into
account, it is scandalous but it has forced me to move forward, I had to change “
“ Women who have important responsibilities should be exemplary. But they are sometimes
worse than men! We really do not want to be like them!»

16. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of
view about women and men
CLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine
environment but « integrated » by women
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization,
defense strategies which are ineffective
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify
stereotypes

17. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Discrimination feeling
MEN
WOMEN
With otherwise equal skills, are men better
paid than women?
34 %
67 %
Do men and women have equal access to
internal promotion?
67 %
39 %
Is it more difficult for a woman to become a
top manager?
42 %
71 %
Link with stereotypes :
The stronger the feeling
of discrimination among managers toward women, the
stronger and more negative their stereotypes

18. 25 ANS
MS Management des RH et
des Organisations
MANAGING DIVERSITY
Gender Stereotypes : Moving forward together !
Maureen BOIS (2004)
Patrick SCHARNITZKY
Affiliate Professor ESCP Europe
Human Resource & Change Management Manager
BEARING POINT
Emmanuelle LEON
Karine CONTE (1989)
Professor ESCP Europe
Scientific Director of the Advanced Master in HR
& Organizational Management
Laurent DEPOND (1986)
Manufacturing School Manager, RENAULT
VP Diversity & Inclusion, ORANGE
Stéphanie GUEDEZ (2012)
Diversity & Inclusion Manager, AIRBUS