MCO 2011 - Slide 18 - M.R. Alison - Joint medics and nurses spotlight session - Recent developments in the field of cancer stem cells and implications in the clinical setting
Cancer stem cells have implications in clinical settings. Only a small portion (<1%) of tumor cells can form new tumors, known as tumor initiating cells or cancer stem cells. These cells express specific cell surface markers that can be identified using flow cytometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Targeting cancer stem cells is important for therapy because they are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation. Combination therapies that target cancer stem cell pathways such as Hedgehog and Wnt signaling or aldehyde dehydrogenase activity may be more effective treatments.
Transplant in pediatrics in Acute lymphoblastic Luekemia in CR1
Similaire à MCO 2011 - Slide 18 - M.R. Alison - Joint medics and nurses spotlight session - Recent developments in the field of cancer stem cells and implications in the clinical setting
Similaire à MCO 2011 - Slide 18 - M.R. Alison - Joint medics and nurses spotlight session - Recent developments in the field of cancer stem cells and implications in the clinical setting (20)
A. Tfayli - Head and neck - Guidelines and clinical case presentation (2-3 ca...
MCO 2011 - Slide 18 - M.R. Alison - Joint medics and nurses spotlight session - Recent developments in the field of cancer stem cells and implications in the clinical setting
1. Cancer stem cells: implications in the clinical setting Malcolm Alison; m.alison@qmul.ac.uk 4 th April 2011
10. Hamburger and Salmon 1977, Science The plating efficiency of most 1 0 tumours is <1% PE = macroscopic colonies formed number of tumour cells plated
16. Fluorescence Activation Process (or Immunofluorescence) FITC FITC Antibodies recognize specific molecules in the surface of some cells But not others When the cells are analyzed by flow cytometry the cells expressing the marker for which the antibody is specific will manifest fluorescence. Cells who lack the marker will not manifest fluorescence Antibodies are artificially conjugated to fluorochromes Antibodies FITC FITC FITC FITC
26. The pre-eminence of ALDH as a cancer stem cell marker Responsible for the oxidation (detoxification) of cytotoxic aldehydes to carboxylic acids RCHO + NAD + + H 2 0 RCOOH + NADH + H + : a major cellular defence mechanism
57. A more complex subclonal architecture in ALL Does genetic diversity affect the nature of tumour propagating cells? Yes, the potency, but not the phenotype (CD34 + CD38 -/low CD19 + )