The panel of experts comprised of a senior corporate lawyer, an international tax expert, a litigator and arbitration expert, and senior investment bankers will discuss the outlook, deal structures, financing and execution, as well as dispute prevention and resolution in Emerging Markets Cross-Border Transactions. Major Topics: The global outlook for cross-border investment and M&A activity in the emerging markets Legal risks particular to investments in emerging markets; specifically in technology and natural resources Types and indicia of risk Transaction objectives and structures Dispute resolution mechanisms Economic risks particular to cross-border and emerging market investments Raising capital for cross border investment and M&A: explaining the risks to potential investors Successful deal execution Cultural considerations Case studies

1. Moderator: Alexander B. Kasdan, Senior Managing Director, DelMorgan & Co.
Expert Panel:
Neil Morganbesser, Co-Founder, President & CEO, DelMorgan & Co.
Tim C. Bruinsma, Partner, Norton Rose Fulbright
Malcolm S. McNeil, Partner, Arent Fox LLP
Chip Morgan, Managing Director, BDO USA, LLP
EMERGING MARKETS CROSS-BORDER TRANSACTIONS
Copyright © 2014 Expert Webcast

2. 1
WEBCAST LOGISTICS:
The audience is in listen-only mode
Attendees are encouraged to type questions into the “chat” field
Questions will be addressed at the end of the program
Power Point link is available at www.expertwebcast.com
MCLE / CPE processing link is available at www.expertwebcast.com
For technical support, please contact GoToMeeting support: 800 263 6317

3. 2
Alexander B. Kasdan is a Managing Director at DelMorgan & Co. He has more
than twenty years of investment banking, real estate, corporate law and corporate
strategy experience. Mr. Kasdan has executed over 100 domestic and cross-border
transactions totaling more than $10 billion in overall volume in a variety of industries.
Prior to joining DelMorgan, Mr. Kasdan founded Convergence Capital Partners, LLC,
a boutique investment banking advisory and real estate investment firm and was an
investment banker at Barrington Associates, Peter J. Solomon Company, Credit Suisse
First Boston and Merrill Lynch.
Mr. Kasdan practiced law with O’Melveny & Myers LLP (formerly O’Sullivan Graev
& Karabell LLP) and Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP (formerly Battle Fowler
LLP), where he specialized in mergers and acquisitions, private equity and corporate
finance transactions. In addition, Mr. Kasdan served as Corporate Counsel in charge of
business development at Schlumberger Ltd., a global oilfield and information services
company.
Mr. Kasdan graduated magna cum laude from Middlebury College with a B.A. degree
in Economics and Italian and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa during his junior year. In
addition, he holds a J.D. degree from Columbia University Law School and has studied
at the University of Florence in Italy. Mr. Kasdan is admitted to the Bar in the State of
New York.
Mr. Kasdan is a Senior Advisor to Governance and Transactions LLC, an advisory firm
established in 2003 by Mr. James L. Gunderson, former Secretary and General Counsel
of Schlumberger Limited, to assist boards, management and owners with corporate
governance, compliance, structuring and strategic transactions.
100 Wilshire Blvd.
Suite 750
Santa Monica, CA 90401
P: (310) 935-3826
M: (310) 980-1718
www.delmorganco.com
ak@delmorganco.com

4. 3
Neil Morganbesser is co-Founder and President & CEO of DelMorgan & Co. where he provides
senior leadership within the firm and helps oversee all client engagements. Mr. Morganbesser is also
CEO of Globalist Capital LLC, DelMorgan’s broker-dealer affiliate. Mr. Morganbesser has over 20
years of experience providing financial and strategic advice to a full range of clients, including
entrepreneurs, large corporations, governments, family businesses, private equity funds, and special
committees of public companies.
Mr. Morganbesser has been affiliated with some of the leading institutions in the world, and his
experience ranges from representing the offshore owners in the sale of a small, private U.S. company
for $10 million to representing the special committee of a large, public company in a $9 billion
negotiated management buyout with a highly complex financial structure.
Mr. Morganbesser has truly global experience with the most sophisticated transactions, across a broad
range of industries and in a large number of jurisdictions, as the lead banker on a wide variety of
transactional and other advisory assignments, including domestic and cross-border mergers,
acquisitions, joint ventures, sales and divestitures, restructurings, special committee assignments,
unsolicited acquisitions and hostile defense. With transactional experience in over 30 countries, Mr.
Morganbesser has successfully advised on over 75 transactions.
Until May 2008, Mr. Morganbesser was the head of West Coast and Asia Mergers & Acquisitions at
Bear Stearns & Co., as a Senior Managing Director based in Los Angeles. Prior to joining Bear
Stearns in May 2001, Mr. Morganbesser was an investment banker in the Mergers, Acquisitions and
Restructuring Department at Morgan Stanley (in New York from 1993-1998 and in Los Angeles from
1998-2001). From 1990-1993, Mr. Morganbesser was a corporate and M&A attorney at the
preeminent New York law firm of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz.
Mr. Morganbesser graduated with an A.B. magna cum laude in Applied Mathematics / Economics
from Harvard University (Phi Beta Kappa) in 1986 and received his J.D. and M.B.A. degrees (Order
of the Coif, with honors) from Stanford University in 1990.
100 Wilshire Blvd.
Suite 750
Santa Monica, CA 90401
(310) 319-2000
nm@delmorganco.com
www.delmorganco.com

5. 4
Tim C. Bruinsma is a partner and the head of the Corporate Law
Department in the Los Angeles office of Norton Rose Fulbright, a
global law firm which has 55 offices in 27 countries. Tim is a
transactional attorney, providing legal representation in a wide variety of
corporate and commercial transactions, particularly mergers and
acquisitions, with an emphasis upon international finance and cross-
border matters. His clients range from entrepreneurial and mid-market
companies to multinational corporations.
Tim has represented such corporations as a premier international toy
company, the world's largest cereal company, a major Japanese-
American automobile company, the leading wood products and forestry
corporation, an international freight and transport company, the world's
largest family entertainment corporation and a major Austrian bank.
Tim was educated at Lehigh University, the University of California at
Berkeley and Claremont McKenna College, where he graduated Cum
Laude with a Bachelor's Degree in Political Science. He received his
Juris Doctor Law Degree, Cum Laude, at Loyola University School of
Law in Los Angeles. Tim serves on governing boards of non-profit
corporations and organizations, including the Board of the Southern
California Chapter of the U.S. Fund for UNICEF.
555 South Flower Street
Forty-First Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90071
(213) 892-9333
tim.bruinsma@
nortonrosefulbright.com
www.nortonrosefulbright.com

6. 5
Malcolm McNeil is a partner in the Los Angeles office of Arent Fox
LLP, where he focuses on litigation, business and transactional matters
involving international clients. He has approximately 30 years of litigation
and commercial experience in a wide variety of matters including business/
commercial, construction (defect and coverage issues), employment
disputes, administrative proceedings, family law, probate, intellectual
property, partnership dissolutions and real property. Malcolm also has 18
years of experience resolving civil disputes as a mediator.
Malcolm focuses on litigation issues for a wide variety of businesses
including those in the venture capital formation, retail, textile,
manufacturing, import/export, real estate investment, aviation and
publishing industries. He also has experience in cross-border negotiations
and has an established network of colleagues throughout the globe
available to assist in foreign countries as needs arise. Malcolm’s practice
has included representation of clients in most forums, including a range of
administrative forums, statewide and nationally. Known for his leadership
and accomplishments, particularly for clients with business interests in
China, Malcolm was named to a three-year term on the Shenzhen Court of
International Arbitration.
Malcolm is a graduate of Loyola Law School, Los Angeles, and Antioch
University.
555 West Fifth Street, 48th Floor
Los Angeles California 90013
213.443.7656
malcolm.mcneil@arentfox.com
www.arentfox.com

7. 6
Chip Morgan is a managing director with BDO
USA, LLP. Chip’s career has been centered on
international tax for over 30 years. He has been an
ITS partner with two of the Big 4, where he advised
clients across a broad range of industries, geographies
and transactions. In addition, he has industry
experience as VP Tax for a semiconductor
manufacturer and a software company, where he had
practical experience with implementing and defending
international tax structures, and working to keep the
tax structures aligned with the underlying business
operations as they evolve over time.
Chip holds degrees from Columbia University School
of Law and University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill.
1888 Century Park East, 4th Floor
Los Angeles CA 90067
(310) 557-7517
cmorgan@bdo.com
www.bdo.com

8. 7
ORGANIZER & HOST:
Anna Spektor is the Founder of Expert Webcast,
a sophisticated digital source of expertise for the professional
and the business communities domestically and internationally.
Producing the industry’s leading webcast panels covering
corporate, M&A, restructuring and finance topics, Expert
Webcast addresses timely and relevant issues faced by general
counsel, C-level executives, boards of directors, business
owners and their advisors, as well as institutional investors.
100 Wilshire Blvd.
Suite 750
Santa Monica, CA 90401
+1 (310) 995-6579
anna@expertpresence.com
www.expertpresence.com

9. 8
ISSUES IN CROSS-BORDER TRANSACTIONS
• The global outlook for cross-border investment and M&A activity in
the emerging markets
• Risks particular to investments in emerging markets; specifically in
technology and natural resources
• Types and indicia of risk
• Transaction objectives and structures
• Economic risks particular to cross-border and emerging market
investments
• Raising capital for cross border investment and M&A: explaining the
risks to potential investors
• Successful deal execution
• Cultural considerations
• Case studies

10. 9
Emerging Markets
Cross-Border Transactions
NORTON ROSE FULBRIGHT
Tim C. Bruinsma, Esq.
Partner, Los Angeles
June 12, 2014

11. 10
I. Jurisdictional and Legal Issues
A. Which Laws Apply? Cross-border transactions generally are impacted by a
number of legal jurisdictions.
• Primarily, there are country jurisdictions on both sides of the “border.”
• Legal jurisdictions within the countries.
• Local rules and regulations, including unwritten conventions and customs.
B. Lots of Agencies, Lots of Rules. There are often indirect or non-regulatory
factors to consider:
• Several levels of officialdom as well as private interests.
• Interface not only with several agencies but also with private
stakeholders regarding local labor, supply chains, utilities, entitlements,
etc.
• Many protectionist restrictions.
C. Special Laws. There are also other types of laws to consider such as sharia, or
Islamic law, which may work in concert with secular law or in abrogation of it.
2

12. 11
II. Cultural Issues
A. Local Influences. Even in our increasingly global economy, local convention
and business styles influence transactions.
• Relationships can be critical.
• Trust must first be established
B. Negotiation may vary.
• Typically, U.S. negotiation is quite linear: i.e., one step after another,
each built on the foregoing. In many countries, negotiation is more
circular; i.e., many issues are in play and there is constant interplay
until they are all pulled together and agreed upon at the end. A
“spider web” metaphor works well to describe the framework.
• Identifying the decision-maker and decision-making process may be
difficult.
3

13. 12
II. Cultural Issues
In some cultures, business is like war; it is possible to get caught
up in serious conflict, between competing interests.
• It is important to remember that negotiation starts from the very first
communication.
C. Legal documentation can be affected by culture.
• In the US, we have a well-developed commercial law tradition. Most
contracts are infused with certain basic legal premises; these do not
have to be restated in the contracts.
• But this is not at all the case in many other jurisdictions. If
something is not written in the agreement in great detail, it may not
be enforced.
D. Management positions and employee relations are often infused with
desperation.
4

14. 13
III. Structuring the Transaction
5
A. Marketing, sales and distribution transactions are heavily
dependent upon good, reliable commercial contacts in the target
country.
B. Branch offices and local subsidiaries raise similar concerns about
in-country personnel, particularly management personnel.
C. Joint venture or partnering transactions may require selection of
good and capable financial partners.
D. Local Professional Assistance. It is virtually essential to have good,
local professionals involved. They are often valuable not only for what
they know but who they know.

15. 14
III. Structuring the Transaction
6
E. Enterprise zones and other business incentives should be explored.
• Commonly found in the target country
• U.S. export support for the outbound transaction can be significant;
F. Grants and Financing Incentives may be made available by the
target country, or in the region, or through bi-national or multinational
funding agencies, such as the World Bank, IFC, OPIC, Exim Bank, et
al.

16. 15
IV. Income Tax Planning
7
A. Essential Element. The importance of tax analysis and planning must
be stressed. Most all cross-border transactions are heavily-impacted
by tax considerations, both U.S. and foreign.
• Income taxes, in both jurisdictions, are of primary concern and
should be addressed.
• There are other tax issues to consider as well, such as excise taxes,
transfer taxes, taxes on rent and royalties, etc.
B. Offshore Structures. A typical cross border transaction will involve
formation of an offshore corporate entity.
• To minimize or defer taxation, either in the outgoing (e.g., U.S.)
jurisdiction, or the target country jurisdiction, or both.
• Examples: U.S. company forming a Cayman Islands company for
inbound investment into South or Central America, forming a Hong
Kong company for China, a Mauritius company for India., a Cyprus
company for Russia, etc.

17. 16
IV. Income Tax Planning
8
C. Tax Treaties between countries may offer some relief and are an
important tax planning tool.
D. Host Country Tax Incentives. In addition to business incentives, tax
incentives such as exemptions or tax holidays may be offered by the
target country. They are often quite valuable and should be negotiated
upfront if at all possible.

18. 17
V. Export and Import Controls and Regulations
A. Inbound and Outbound. There are export controls on outbound
transactions and import controls on inbound transactions, and a host
of related regulations, in all affected jurisdictions.
B. On the U.S. side, consider:
• Foreign Corrupt Practices Act which makes make it unlawful for a
U.S. person to make a payment to a foreign official for the purpose
of obtaining or retaining business; i.e., anything in the nature of a
gift or bribe.
• International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITARs) which is a set
of US government regulations that control the export and import of
defense-related articles and services.
• The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is an agency which
administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions based on
US foreign policy and national security goals against targeted
foreign states, organizations, and individuals.
9

19. 18
V. Export and Import Controls and Regulations
• Export Administration Regulations (EARs) are the rules by which
the U.S. Department of Commerce regulates and controls exports of
goods from the US, particularly dual-use commodities, software,
and technology. “Dual-use” items are those that have predominantly
commercial uses, but could also have military applications.
• Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS)
is an inter-agency committee of the US government that reviews the
national security implications of foreign investments in U.S.
companies or operations. Their focus is on inbound investment.
• Sanctions. The Ukraine conflict has of course lead to a number of
special sanctions against the Russian Republic, many of which
directly or indirectly impact U.S.-Russia cross-border transactions.
C. Other countries have their own versions of many of the foregoing legal
restrictions.
D. Significant. It is essential that the applicable laws be carefully
considered before engaging in a cross-border transaction. Unwinding
the problem after the fact can be costly, painful, time-consuming and
quite possibly unsuccessful. There may also be criminal penalties.
A.
10

20. 19
VI. Logistics
11
A. Transportation and communication problems may slow the process
and cost money; so logistical planning is essential.
B. Sourcing. Sourcing materials, labor, utilities and technological support
is critical. If they can’t be sourced locally, then other locations must be
considered, adding to the cost and complexity.
• Labor laws in many countries may be particularly problematic.
Finding capable employees can be a real challenge; termination of
employees may be difficult and expensive.
• Supply chains are often hindered by local governmental controls

21. 20
VII. Dispute Resolution
A. Basic Choices.
• Litigation, which has limitations in cross-border transactions. It requires
a viable legal structure acceptable to both parties.
• Arbitration, a good alternative which will probably be less complicated
and less expensive. Additionally, it is more flexible. The parties can
agree to an appropriate jurisdiction, applicable law and methods of
enforcement.
• Mediation, a non-binding means of facilitating resolution of a dispute. It
is common to have the parties agree to attempt mediation before turning
to either litigation or arbitration.
B. Overlooked and Understated. Dispute resolution is often left to the last
minute but it deserves much greater attention. Strategically, the location
of a dispute proceeding and the applicable law can be significant factors.
Just the inconvenience and cost of having to defend an arbitration, etc. in
a foreign jurisdiction can have a material effect on the outcome.
12

22. 21
VIII. Conclusion
13
Plan ahead. Things that might not seem as important in domestic
transactions can be very significant in cross-border transactions,
particularly in developing countries.

23. 22

24. 23
Disclaimer
Norton Rose Fulbright LLP, Norton Rose Fulbright Australia, Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP, Norton Rose Fulbright South Africa (incorporated as Deneys Reitz Inc) and Fulbright & Jaworski LLP,
each of which is a separate legal entity, are members (“the Norton Rose Fulbright members”) of Norton Rose Fulbright Verein, a Swiss Verein. Norton Rose Fulbright Verein helps coordinate the
activities of the Norton Rose Fulbright members but does not itself provide legal services to clients.
References to “Norton Rose Fulbright”, “the law firm”, and “legal practice” are to one or more of the Norton Rose Fulbright members or to one of their respective affiliates (together “Norton Rose
Fulbright entity/entities”). No individual who is a member, partner, shareholder, director, employee or consultant of, in or to any Norton Rose Fulbright entity (whether or not such individual is
described as a “partner”) accepts or assumes responsibility, or has any liability, to any person in respect of this communication. Any reference to a partner or director is to a member, employee or
consultant with equivalent standing and qualifications of the relevant Norton Rose Fulbright entity.
The purpose of this communication is to provide information as to developments in the law. It does not contain a full analysis of the law nor does it constitute an opinion of any Norton Rose Fulbright
entity on the points of law discussed. You must take specific legal advice on any particular matter which concerns you. If you require any advice or further information, please speak to your usual
contact at Norton Rose Fulbright.
15

25. 24
Cross-border Considerations in Global
Investment and M&A Activity!
June 12, 2014
Chip Morgan, BDO
cmorgan@bdo.comdo.com

26. 25
The Right Perspective
• First things first: operational success. Tax planning should take
place within the parameters of what is needed to achieve business
goals – complexity and multiple internal transactions can be
distractions
• Global tax versus local tax: a local advisors’ context is minimizing
local tax, not the broader goal of minimizing global tax
­ Local country planning can have negative parent country implications
­ Measuring the effectiveness of tax planning: cash flow versus financial reporting
­ Non-income taxes, such as duties and VAT, are “above the line”
• Redeploying and repatriating: what to do with low-taxed foreign
earnings?

27. 26
Nexus Planning
• Common goal: avoid nexus as long as possible by making the local
operation a supporting agent rather than a principal
• Different nexus criteria for different types of tax:
­ Corporate income tax: “doing business” per local rules (extremely low threshold
in many emerging markets) or Permanent Establishment per tax treaties (a key
test being the contractual authority to generate revenue)
­ VAT/GST/sales tax: taxable supply of goods and services
­ Payroll tax: employees versus independent contractors
­ Customs duties: importing and exporting
• Technical possibility versus practical feasibility
­ Sometimes easier to accept cost-plus rather than avoid corporate income tax
nexus altogether
­ “Look and feel” of a local company: prospective customers, prospective
employees, and various government regulators may have different perspectives

28. 27
Scaling the Tax Structure as Operations Evolve
• Sales operations
­ Representative office (no nexus)
­ Cost-plus support services
­ Commission agent
­ Buy-sell principal: limited risk or full-fledged distributor
• Other activities (manufacturing/assembly, R&D, procurement,
logistics, shared service center, etc.)
­ Cost-plus
­ “Other” arrangement that reflects the underlying value of goods and services
rather than costs incurred
• Anticipate transitions from simpler to more robust operations over
time to minimize the risk that operational changes might trigger
unexpected tax charges

29. 28
Transfer Pricing
• Arm’s length standard
­ Based on facts and circumstances
­ Burden of proof is “backwards” and generally country by country
­ Contemporaneous documentation is critical because tax auditors have hindsight,
tax audit settlements are often negotiated compromises, and the risk of double
taxation is high
• Competent Authority
­ Treaty-based mechanism to minimize the risk of double taxation
­ Generally requires exhaustion of per-country dispute resolution procedures
• Advance Pricing Agreements
• Approaches to transfer pricing vary widely in emerging markets,
both in determining and applying appropriate methodologies and in
resolving disputes

30. 29
Transfer Pricing and Intellectual Property
• Transfer pricing reflects where activities are undertaken, where
risks are borne, and where intangibles are owned and used
• The location of many activities is driven by business realities, such
as where customers are based or where manufacturing takes place
• Intellectual Property can be hugely valuable in the context of
otherwise routine activities/supply chains, can often be “carved
out,” and can be located in a tax-favorable jurisdiction
­ Developing new IP versus moving existing IP
­ Inadvertent IP ownership via outsourced R&D operations, especially in emerging
markets

31. 30
Cost-plus in Emerging Markets
• Cost-plus is a commonly used intercompany arrangement in a
variety of contexts: simple and relatively predictable
• The appropriate uplift is a transfer pricing matter that should be
properly benchmarked and documented
• Tax authorities in some emerging markets struggle with the
generally accepted ranges of uplifts used in more mature economies
and insist on much higher uplift percentages
­ Pick battles carefully
­ Consistency is intuitively and practically useful, but may not be achievable

32. 31
Deferring US Tax on Foreign Profits
• The US taxes worldwide profits and uses a foreign tax credit
mechanism to avoid double tax (as opposed to territorial systems
used by many countries in which foreign profits are simply not
taxed)
• In general: profits of a foreign subsidiary are taxed in the US when
dividends are paid to the US parent
• Exception: so-called “Subpart F” income (often income related to
transactions occurring outside the local country and involving
related parties) is taxed as earned, whether or not repatriated to
the US parent in the form of dividends
• This is a key driver of “Inversions,” a complex tax planning
technique that results in non-US parent structures

33. 32
Redeploying and Repatriating
• Anticipate local country exit hurdles, such as withholding taxes
imposed on the movement of funds (especially dividends, interest,
and royalties) and currency controls
• Understand differences in how transactions are characterized by
different countries, such as services versus royalties
• Anticipate higher level, especially US, taxation of cross border
movements of funds between lower level subsidiaries
­ Effective tax planning for US-based groups often involves “check-the-box” rules
that determine whether a particular entity is treated for US purposes as a
separate company versus a disregarded entity, notwithstanding how the entity is
viewed for local tax purposes
­ “Check-the-box” planning can create additional complexity because different tax
authorities might have fundamentally different views on a particular entity and
the bottom line impact can be significant

34. 33
Constant Change
• Tax rules change quickly due to legislation, regulation, litigation,
and administrative practices
• Emerging markets’ tax rules often have less robust written
explanation/guidance and the case-by-case administration of
general rules can vary widely
­ Especially relevant with new types of transactions and ways of doing business,
such as hosted arrangements in the cloud
• US tax rules are well-developed, but are inordinately complex, and
will someday undergo fundamental reform
­ An important driver is the US government’s (both parties) desire to bring the US
corporate tax rate more in line with major trading partners; however, the
government has zero consensus on how to achieve this
­ Whatever approach is ultimately implemented, expect substantial changes to our
longstanding rules for taxing foreign operations

35. 34
LA / NY / SF / DC / arentfox.com
Emerging Markets Cross
Border Transactions
Dispute Resolution Planning in the Emerging
Markets & Cross Border Transactions
June 12, 2014
Malcolm'S.'McNeil'
Partner'
ARENT'FOX'
Los'Angeles'
(213)'443A7656'
Malcolm.Mcneil@arenFox.com'

36. 35
Dispute Resolution
! What is it?
– Mediation
– Arbitration
– Litigation
Dispute Resolution Planning in the Emerging Markets & Cross Border Transactions 2

37. 36
Questions – 5 W’s
! Who?
! What?
! Where?
! When?
! Why?
Dispute Resolution Planning in the Emerging Markets & Cross Border Transactions 3

38. 37
Questions – 5 W’s (cont.)
! Who – Who will litigate?
! What – What will be the relief needed?
! Where – Where do you need the relief?
! When – When will it be needed?
! Why – Is this an ongoing relationship or will it
be terminated?
Dispute Resolution Planning in the Emerging Markets & Cross Border Transactions 4

39. 38
Enforcement
! Money / Injunctions?
– How will we handle post judgment enforcement;
where are the assets?
Dispute Resolution Planning in the Emerging Markets & Cross Border Transactions 5