1. What are the key International regulationsWhat are the key International regulations
governing the prohibition of child labourgoverning the prohibition of child labour
,and do you think they are successful?,and do you think they are successful?
Prepared By:Prepared By:
1.Falguni Moyeed1.Falguni Moyeed
2.Arifur Khan2.Arifur Khan
3.Md.Rahat.3.Md.Rahat.

2. Slide ContentSlide Content
 What is child labour?What is child labour?
 Why child labour?Why child labour?
 Reasons of child labour.Reasons of child labour.
 International regulation on child labour.International regulation on child labour.
 International Programme on the Elimination of ChildInternational Programme on the Elimination of Child
Labour.Labour.
 Recent Fact of 2010 and Whether Legislations haveRecent Fact of 2010 and Whether Legislations have
failed, Or not.failed, Or not.
 RecommendationRecommendation

3. What is child Labour?What is child Labour?
The term “child labour” is often defined as:The term “child labour” is often defined as:
 Work that deprives children of their childhood.Work that deprives children of their childhood.
 Deprive their potential and their dignity,Deprive their potential and their dignity,
 Which is harmful to physical andWhich is harmful to physical and
 Mental developmentMental development

4. Why Child Labour?Why Child Labour?
 Poverty .Poverty .
 Over population.Over population.
 IlliteracyIlliteracy
 AdultAdult Unemployment .Unemployment .
 UrbanizationUrbanization

5. International Regulations on theInternational Regulations on the
child labourchild labour
 The Convention on the Rights of the Child isThe Convention on the Rights of the Child is
the first legally binding international instrument .the first legally binding international instrument .
The Convention sets out these rights in 54The Convention sets out these rights in 54
articles and two Optional Protocolsarticles and two Optional Protocols ..

6. The Four core principles of theThe Four core principles of the
Convention are :Convention are :
 Non-DiscriminationNon-Discrimination ..
 Devotion to the best interests of the childDevotion to the best interests of the child ..
 The right to life, survival and developmentThe right to life, survival and development
 Respect for the views of the child.Respect for the views of the child.

7. International LabourInternational Labour
Organisation (ILO)Organisation (ILO)
Conventions set out by ILO:Conventions set out by ILO:
 Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138)Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138):Tthis fundamental:Tthis fundamental
convention sets the general minimum age for admission toconvention sets the general minimum age for admission to
employment or work at 15 years and the minimum age foremployment or work at 15 years and the minimum age for
hazardous work at 18.hazardous work at 18.
 Worst Form of ChildWorst Form of Child LabourLabour Convention, 1999 (No. 182)Convention, 1999 (No. 182)::
this fundamental convention defines as a "child" a person underthis fundamental convention defines as a "child" a person under
18 years of age. It requires ratifying states to eliminate the worst18 years of age. It requires ratifying states to eliminate the worst
forms of child labour, including all forms of slavery or practicesforms of child labour, including all forms of slavery or practices
similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of children,similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of children,
debt bondage and serfdom and forced or compulsory labour,debt bondage and serfdom and forced or compulsory labour,
including forced or compulsory recruitment of children for useincluding forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use
in armed conflict; child prostitution and pornography; usingin armed conflict; child prostitution and pornography; using
children for illicit activities, in particular for the production andchildren for illicit activities, in particular for the production and
trafficking of drugs;trafficking of drugs;

8. International Programme on theInternational Programme on the
Elimination of Child Labour :Elimination of Child Labour :
Organization who is working for it calledOrganization who is working for it called
IPEC (IPEC (International Programme on the Elimination of ChildInternational Programme on the Elimination of Child
LabourLabour ))

9. Strategy taken by IPEC:Strategy taken by IPEC:
 Motivating a broad alliance of partners to acknowledge and actMotivating a broad alliance of partners to acknowledge and act
against child labour.against child labour.
 Carrying out a situational analysis to find out about child labourCarrying out a situational analysis to find out about child labour
problems.problems.
 Assisting with developing and implementing national policies onAssisting with developing and implementing national policies on
child labour problems.child labour problems.
 Strengthening existing organizations and setting up institutionalStrengthening existing organizations and setting up institutional
mechanisms.mechanisms.
 Supporting direct action with (potential) child workers forSupporting direct action with (potential) child workers for
demonstration purposes, including time-bound programmes todemonstration purposes, including time-bound programmes to
address worst form of child labour.address worst form of child labour.
 Replicating and expanding successful projects into theReplicating and expanding successful projects into the
programmes of partners.programmes of partners.
 Mainstreaming child labour issues into socio-economic policies,Mainstreaming child labour issues into socio-economic policies,
programmes and budgets.programmes and budgets.

10. Recent facts on the child labour in 2010Recent facts on the child labour in 2010
And Why Legislation has Failed:And Why Legislation has Failed:
 The global number of child labourers stands at 215The global number of child labourers stands at 215
million, only seven million less than in 2004.million, only seven million less than in 2004.
 Among 5-14 year olds, the number of children in childAmong 5-14 year olds, the number of children in child
labour has declined by 10 per cent and the number oflabour has declined by 10 per cent and the number of
children in hazardous work by 31 per cent.children in hazardous work by 31 per cent.
 There has been a welcome 15 per cent decrease in theThere has been a welcome 15 per cent decrease in the
number of girls in child labour and a 24 per cent declinenumber of girls in child labour and a 24 per cent decline
in the number of girls in hazardous work. Boys,in the number of girls in hazardous work. Boys,
however, saw their work increase, both in terms ofhowever, saw their work increase, both in terms of
incidence rates and in absolute numbers. The extent ofincidence rates and in absolute numbers. The extent of
hazardous work among boys remained relatively stable.hazardous work among boys remained relatively stable.
 There has been an alarming 20 per cent increase inThere has been an alarming 20 per cent increase in
child labour in the 15-17 years age group – from 52child labour in the 15-17 years age group – from 52
million to 62 million.million to 62 million.

11. RecommendationsRecommendations
 Single action or isolated measures against child labour will notSingle action or isolated measures against child labour will not
have a lasting impact. Actions must be part of an overall nationalhave a lasting impact. Actions must be part of an overall national
plan.plan.
 To develop effective national (and international) policies andTo develop effective national (and international) policies and
programmers, extensive research must be undertaken toprogrammers, extensive research must be undertaken to
determine the state of child labour.determine the state of child labour.
 Child labour is often viewed as an unavoidable consequence ofChild labour is often viewed as an unavoidable consequence of
poverty. Without greater awareness about the extent andpoverty. Without greater awareness about the extent and
exploitative nature of child labour, the conditions for change willexploitative nature of child labour, the conditions for change will
not occur.not occur.
 Government action against child labour often ends with makingGovernment action against child labour often ends with making
laws.laws.
 Initiatives against child labour traditionally come from non-Initiatives against child labour traditionally come from non-
governmental organizations that have limited resources. It needsgovernmental organizations that have limited resources. It needs
to work together with other segments of civil society — theto work together with other segments of civil society — the
media, educators, artists and parliamentarians — should also bemedia, educators, artists and parliamentarians — should also be
enlisted in the fight.enlisted in the fight.

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY:
PRIMARY SOURCES:
 1.Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138), International Labour Standard by Subject, <
http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/subjectE.htm#s03> accessed 26 October 2010
 2.Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) , International Labour Standard by
Subject, <http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/subjectE.htm#s03> accessed 26 October 2010
SECONDARY SOURCES:
 Articles:
 Douglas A. Galbi, ‘Child Labor and the Division of Labor in the Early English Cotton Mills’,
<http:// www.galbithink.org/fw.htm> accessed 23 October 2010.
 International Labour Office, ‘Child Labour: A textbook for the university students’, First Edition
(2004).
 Morad Kordi, ‘A Model for Assessing Child Labor Law and Regulations in Iran’, European
Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 14, Number 4 (2010)
<http://www.eurojournals.com/ejss_14_4_06.pdf> accessed 25 October 2010.
 MISCELLANEOUS:
 Websites: <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article- 1312764/Britains-child.slaves-New-
book-says-misery-helped-forge-Britain.html> accessed 23 October 2010.
 Child labor, < http://www.childlabor.in/causes-of-child-labour.htm
 News, ‘Daily mail UK’ > accessed 23 October 2010.
 International Labour Standard by Subject,
<http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/subjectE.htm#s03> accessed 26 October 2010.
 International Labour Organisation, <http://www.ilo.org/ipec/Action/lang--en/index.htm>
accessed 24 October 2010.
 International Labour Organisation, <http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---
dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms.12 6685.pdf

13. Thank YouThank You