2. Responsible in regulating physiological
processes and adjustments in
metabolism, fluid balance, growth and
reproduction.
› Works closely with the Nervous System.
The study of the Endocrine System is called
Endocrinology.
3. Hormones – chemical messengers
produced and secreted by endocrine
glands responsible for the regulation of
body processes. They stimulate specific
tissues to do processes.
5. › Some hormones enter the cell and activate
genes
› Many hormones act by signal transduction
6. Epinephrin – causes adrenaline rush
Angiotensin – causes vasoconstriction
Angiotensinogen – causes
vasoconstriction
Calcitonin – reduces blood Ca2+
Cholecystokinin – release of bile and
digestive enzymes from the pancreas
7. Gastrin – stimulates the release of gastric
juices
Ghrelin – stimulates appetite
Glucagon – increases blood glucose
Growth Hormone – stimulates growth
and cell production
Insulin – lowers blood glucose
8. Leptin – lowers appetite, increases
metabolism
Orexin – stimulates awakeness
Parathyroid hormone – increases blood
Ca2+
Testosterone – libido, increase in muscle
mass and strength
9. Responsible for defending the body from
foreign materials that cause
diseases, called pathogens.
› Immunology is the study of the Immune
System.
› Vertebrates are special because they have
WBCs that are specialized in carrying out
immune responses.
10. Antigens – causes the production of the
antibodies
Antibodies – identifies and neutralizes
foreign materials like bacteria or viruses