1. NANOTECHNOLOGY,NANOPHARMACOLOGY National O.O. Bogomolets Medical University E.O.Paton Electric Welding Institute Kyiv, Ukraine

2. 2 NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanotechnology is a complex of scientific knowledge, methods and means aimed at controllable assembly (synthesis) of various substances, materials and items with the linear size of structural elements of up to 100 nm (1 nm – 10-9 m; 1 nm = 10 Ǻ) from individual atoms and molecules.

3. 3 NANOTECHNOLOGY: PRODUCING OF NANOPARTICLES Mechanical disintegration. Chemical synthesis. Photochemical synthesis. Vacuumevaporation methods. Microbiological synthesis.

4. 4 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY Electron beam evaporation of materials in vacuum differs from other methodsof vacuum evaporation – thermal and ion-plasma, primarily, by its versatility,technological flexibility, efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The electron beam is one of the most effective heat sources. At collision of the flying electron with the solid surface the main fraction of kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into thermal energy in a thin surface layer 1 – 2 μm thick. Therefore, at heating by the electron beam the heat source is in the solid itself and ensures the maximum complete conversion of electric energy into thermal energy.

5. 5 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY Modernelectronbeamgunsof 50 – 100 kWpowerallowevaporationofmetallicandnon-metallicsubstancesatsufficientlyhighrates, approximatelyupto10-2g · cm-2 · s-1. Evaporatorsconsistingofacopperwater-cooledcrucible (cylinder),intowhichtheevaporationmaterialisplacedintheformofingot (castorcompacted)of 25 to 70 mmdiameter, havebecomethemostwidelyappliedinpractice.

6. 6 SCHEMATIC OF ELECTRON BEAM EVAPORATION

7. 7 NANOPARTICLESFe3O4

8. 8 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY The International Center for Electron Beam Technologies of the E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute designed and organized manufacturing of laboratory, pilotproductionand production electron beam equipment for realization of the consideredvariants of the technology.

9. 9 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY More than 10 units have already been manufactured for universities, scientific centersand industrial enterprises of the USA, China, Canada and India.

10. 10 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY Modern electron beam nanotechnology ofproducing advanced nanomaterialsand aircraft engine construction, has a real potential of furtherscientific and economic advances in medicine, pharmacology and pharmacy, inparticular in development and manufacturing of : 1. Heterogeneous inorganic and some variants of organic materials and coatings, in the solid and liquid states, in a broad range of shapes, nano- and microsizes of their structural elements. 2. Magnetic nanofluids. 3. Consolidated or discrete nanostructures of carbon and its compounds. 4. Filters. 5. Sorbents. 6. Graded biological coatings. 7. Catalyst carriers, catalysts and catalysis devices. 8. Components of medical instruments and equipment

11. 11 SILICA NANOPOWDER Scientists from the O.O. Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry (The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) and Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University developed a drug “Silics” - new sorbent of polydirected action, based on highly disperse amorphous silicaamorphous silica nanopowder, obtained by chemical synthesis.

12. 12 SILICA NANOPOWDER At the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (National O.O. Bogomolets Medical University) drugs, created using nanotechnology, including those based on silica nanopowder, are studied. Unlike other sorbents silica nanopowder - a powder of aporose structure consisting of nanoparticles with size 5-20 nm

13. 13 FINE SILICA SUSPENSION: DECREASING TOXICITY OF ANTITUBERCULOUS DRUGS Ethambutol Isoniazid Pyrazinamide

14. 14 FINE SILICA SUSPENSION: DECREASING TOXICITY OF ANTITUBERCULOUS DRUGS

15. 15 FINE SILICA SUSPENSION: DECREASING HEPATOTOXICITY OF ETHYL ALCOHOL

16. 16 AG NANOPARTICLES FROM DRIED WATER SOLUTION

17. 17 EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF AG-NANOIN COMPARISON WITH З AGNO3 Ag-nano

18. 18 NANOCOMPOSITES OF SILVER AND COPPER Using electron-beam technologies were received composite nanoparticles of silver and copper. It was established that this composite by antimicrobial activity much more potent than silver nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles.

19. 19 PROSPECTS OF INVESTIGATIONS 1. Development of new technologies of nanoparticles manufacturing, especially composites of organic and inorganic origin. 2. Design of new dosage forms for external and internal application and inhalation. 3. Study the therapeutic mechanisms of action of new nanodrugs. 4. Investigations of nanomaterials toxicity.

20. 20 CONTACTS

21. 21 CONTACTS