Biometrics is the identification or verification of human identity through physiological and behavioral characteristics. There are two types of authentication methods: something you know (e.g. password) or something you are (e.g. fingerprint). Biometric modalities like fingerprints, face, iris, voice, signature, and hand geometry are used with each having their own advantages and disadvantages. Factors like location, security risks, number of users, and circumstances affect biometric implementation. Biometrics provides definitive identification and can be combined with other tools for more secure verification solutions.

1. BIOMETRICS

2. BIOMETRICS

3. DEFINITION
Biometrics is the identification or verification of human
identity through the measurement of repeatable
physiological and behavioral characteristics.

4. AUTHENTICATION
Authentication is validating or figuring out the identity of a
person. There are two types of authentication methods :

5. LEVELS OF AUTHENTICATION

6. CATEGORIES OF BIOMETRICS

7. BASIC FEATURES
1. UNIVERSALITY : Every person should have that characteristic, people who
are mute or without a finger print should be accommodated in some way.
2. UNIQUENESS : Generally, no two people have identical characteristics but
two identical twins are hard to distinguish.
3. PERMANENCE : The characteristic should not vary with time. A person’s face,
for example may change with time.
4. COLLECTIBILITY : The characteristic must be easily collectible and measurable.
5. PERFORMANCE : The method must deliver accurate results.
6. ACCEPTIBILITY : The general public must accept the sample collection
routines.
7. CIRCUMVENTION : The technology should be difficult to deceive.

8. COMPONENTS

9. WORKING OF BIOMETRICS

10. BIOMETRICS IMPLEMENTATION FACTORS
-> LOCATION
-> SECURITY RISKS
-> TASK ( IDENTIFICATION OR VERIFICATION )
-> EXPECTED NUMBER OF USERS
-> USER CIRCUMSTANCES
-> EXISTING DATA

11. BIOMETRIC MODALITIES
COMMON BIOMETRIC MODALITIES: OTHER MODALITIES:
 FINGERPRINT  GAIT OR BODY
 FACE  VASCULAR
 IRIS  RETINA
 VOICE  FACIAL THERMOGRAPHY
 SIGNATURE
 HAND GEOMETRY

12. FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION
FOR FINGERPRINT
RECOGNITION,
THE FOLLOWING THINGS ARE
LOOKED AT ( AS SHOWN IN
FIGURE 1) :
 CROSSOVER
 CORE
 BIFURCATION
 RIDGE ENDING
 ISLAND
 DELTA

14. DISADVANTAGES:
 Racial issues.
 Dirt , grime and wounds.
 Placement of finger.
 Too big a database to process.
 Can be spoofed – livens important!

15. FACE RECOGNITION

16. ISSUE WITH FACE RECOGNITION:

17. IRIS RECOGNITION

18. CONTACT LENSES IS AN ISSUE WITH IRIS RECOGNITION.

19. VOICE RECOGNITION

20. ISSUES WITH VOICE RECOGNITION:
 Local acoustics.
 Background noise.
 Device quality.
 Illness/emotional behavior.
 Time consuming enrollment.
 Large processing template.

21. SIGNATURE RECOGNITION
-> Signature measures(dynamic)
 Speed
 Velocity
 Pressure
-> Captures images(static)
-> High user acceptance

22. DISADVANTAGES:
 Signature variable with:
- Age
- Illness
- emotions
 Requires high quality hardware.
 High false rejection rates as signatures are very dynamic.

23. HAND GEOMETRY RECOGNITION

25. The requirement of large scanners is the issue in hand
geometry recognition.

26. WHY BIOMETRICS ?
 Most definitive, real-time tool available today.
 It can be combined with other tools to form more secure, easier to
use verification solutions.
 Recognizes individuals definitively.
 Based on physiological and behavioral characteristics.

27. PRESENTATION BY:
GATHA SEHGAL