This document summarizes research testing site-specific parameterizations of longwave radiation integrated into a GIS-based hydrological model. The researchers developed the NewAge-LWRB package to model downwelling and upwelling longwave radiation within the NewAge-JGrass hydrological system. They tested various clear sky emissivity formulations and developed a multistep calibration approach. Model results showed improved performance when using an optimized formulation compared to classic formulations. The researchers also coupled the NewAge-LWRB package with NewAge-SWE models and applied them at both daily and hourly time steps to simulate snow water equivalent in the Cache la Poudre basin in Colorado.
1. Testing site-specific parameterizations
of longwave radiation integrated in a
GIS-based hydrological model
Giuseppe Formetta1, Marialaura Bancheri2, Olaf David3 and
Riccardo Rigon2 !!
!1Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria,Rende (CS),Italy
2Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Trento, 77 Mesiano St., 38123 Trento, Italy
3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
8. Longwave Radiation: why is important?
LW is vitally important in determining the
radiation budget, which, in turn, modulates the
magnitude of the terms in the surface energy
budget (e.g., evaporation, evapotransiration)
(Todd and Duchon, 1998, J.A.M. )
!
Solar radiation is an important input for
hydrological models e.g., Sinokrot and
Stefan, 1993; Wigmosta et al., 1994;
Kustas et al. ,1994; Cline et al., 1998;
Pomeroy et al. , 2003
While shortwave radiation has often been
considered the dominant energy source for snow
melting, LW can match, or exceed, incoming
shortwave radiation during cloudy periods (Müller
1985; Granger and Gray 1990; Duguay 1993;
Ohmura, 2001; Sedlar and Hock, 2006)
http://www.wunderground.com/blog/RickyRood
Expensive to measure, and LW
radiation measurement stations
density is at least one of two order
of magnitude lower that SW
radiation
13. Downwelling
Depends on Atmospheric emissivity
L↓
=εa ⋅σ ⋅Ta
4
εa = εcls − 0.035⋅
z
1000
#
$
%
&
'
(
)
*
+
,
-
.⋅ 1+ a⋅cb
( )
Correction due to the elevation
Swinbank (1963):
the air column above
the site decreases with elevation
NewAge-LWRB package: model formulation
14. Downwelling
Depends on Atmospheric emissivity
L↓
=εa ⋅σ ⋅Ta
4
εa = εcls − 0.035⋅
z
1000
#
$
%
&
'
(
)
*
+
,
-
.⋅ 1+ a⋅cb
( )
Could correction
NewAge-LWRB package: model formulation
23. SWE Model simulation with daily and hourly time step
Application on the Cache la Poudre basin (CO, USA)
24. SWE Model simulation with daily and hourly time step
Application on the Cache la Poudre basin (CO, USA)
25. SWE Model simulation in distributed mode for model C2
Application on the Cache la Poudre basin (CO, USA)
26. We are not providing “The Hydrological Model”, we are
offering a strategy to choose, link and test different
hydrological models built by components
• Compare, on the same platform different model structures to simulate the
same physical process (LWRB, SWE)
• Investigate the model structure error using different model for a given
calibration algorithm
• Parameter optimization, using the same platform, for different hydrological
processes
Conclusions