Evolving Disaster Risk Governance in Local Communities: Demonstration Experiments in Aichi Prefecture in Japan
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Evolving Disaster Risk Governance in Local Communities: Demonstration Experiments in Aichi Prefecture in Japan
![Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],To improve local coping capabilities, the risk governance structure in local communities must be reorganized. Our project team proposed three methods of risk communication for improving risk governance. (i) map making (ii) scenario making (iii) training This paper introduces the demonstration experiments and reports the effects of the risk governance transformations in the demonstration area.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Evolving Disaster Risk Governance in Local Communities: Demonstration Experiments in Aichi Prefecture in Japan
- 1. *National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention Tsukuba, Japan. Evolving Disaster Risk Governance in Local Communities: Demonstration Experiments in Aichi Prefecture in Japan Yohei SUNAGA* Toshinari NAGASAKA*
- 3. Overall Scheme of Interdisciplinary approach to “ disaster risk communication ” for improving “risk governance” in the long-term perspective Before after Multi-layered networking among organizations of residents, communities, NPOs, business that are associated with local common resources Risk- scenarios with risk-profile or risk- mapping based on DRIP Improvement of risk governance in terms of prevention, emergency, relief and recovery responses in the long-term perspective Traditional attitude for waiting governmental help Collaboration with a wide range of stakeholders who are associated with local common resources Traditional Disaster Prevention Systems (Fire brigade, disaster management authorities, neighborhood associations, etc.) Drills of self-management of evacuation center and/or joint local response center Disaster Risk Information Platform (DRIP) (Integration of disaster risk knowledge among experts, residents and communities) Formal drills of fire-fighting , evacuation, etc. Collaborative Risk Reduction Activities Disaster Coping Capacity (revealed and latent context)
- 7. Process of map-making Town watching Data inputting Discussion To-do list making General process Noda 13.Oct. 2009 Item selection 13. Nov. Town watching 1. Dec. Arrangement 4,11. Dec. Data inputting 27. Jan. 2010 Discussion and To-do list making
Notes de l'éditeur
- I’m Yohei Sunaga from National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Japan. My presentation title is “Evolving Disaster Risk Governance in Local Communities.” I’ll show 2 demonstration experiments in Japanese communities and assess our proposed risk communication method in order to evolve disaster risk governance.
- ① 地域の防災力を高めるためには、 地域の様々な主体の協働関係が不可欠 で、 リスクガバナンスの高度化 が必要である。 To improve local prevention capabilities, the risk governance structure in local communities must be reorganized. 災害時にどんな問題に出会うか、分かりません。不確実です。 We don’t know what kind of problem will be happened at the time of a disaster. Ii is uncertainly. 不確実な問題に対応するためには、地域の様々なネットワークが有効です。 To correspond to uncertainly problem for example large earthquake, flood and so on, local network is effective . ② リスクガバナンス高度化に必要な リスクコミュニケーション手法 とその手法を支える システム を開発し、 日本各地で実証実験中 。 Our project team develop 3 risk communication method and support system, and demonstration experiments are taken place in more than 20 area and district in Japan. ③ 2009 年 8 月から 2009 年 2 月までに愛知県で実践した事例の報告と共に取り組みの成果と課題を示す。 In this presentation, I will show you the 2 demonstration experiments in Aichi prefecture in 2009, and clarify the efforts and issues of the risk communication methods.
- This presentation will explain this pink part.
- Aichi Prefecture was selected for the demonstration experiments area because, Firstly, Aichi Prefecture is ready to conduct many disaster prevention activities in preparation for possible the Tokai and Tonankai Earthquakes. Secondly, Aichi Prefecture has the highest rate of local disaster prevention organization in Japan. Thirdly, The earthquake intensity map for Aichi Prefecture is available as GIS data. I’ll introduce 2 demonstration experiments area, Noda area and Chuodai area. Noda area ,firstly. Noda area exist on the focal region that Tonakai earthquakes are presumed to be happen.
- Noda area is countryside. So agriculture and animal industry is prosperous. There are 13 districts in Noda area and each district has autonomous neighborhood association and disaster prevention organization.
- There are 3 evacuation shelters in Noda area. One district is separated at a mountain.. The chairpersons of these autonomous neighborhood associations, the leaders of the disaster prevention organizations and representative of Noda participated in the map-making program. . I want to call them adult team.
- There are 4 stages of this activity. Town watching, Date inputting, Discussion and To-do list making. In Noda area, firstly item put on the map selected. Secondly town watching, Arrangement , Date inputting, and Discussion nad To-do list making..
- Adult tame choose the items to put on the map. They found 52 items. They found resources for example water well, shelter, electric generator and so on. And Hazards for example valley, wall made of block, waste management facility and so on. On the process, they found a problem. Who operate a computer and input the data on the map? Adult team members are not good at computer..
- So, Adult team asked the local junior high school, Please help us to make local hazard and resource map. We are poor at PC so we want students to operate PC. They get full-scale cooperation.
- Adult team and students went town watching and found location of resource and hazard point together. Some adult member say town watching with students is very interesting because local knowledge was succeed from adult team to student.
- Adult team recorded the result of town watching on the paper map. Then, the students input the data on web map by referring the paper map.
- Adult team members discussed action plans for disaster prevention by examining disaster prevention manual prepared for their community. After the discussion, they found a lot of issues. For example, location of the designated evacuation shelter had to be changed. because, the manual said representative of Noda community is the leader of shelter. But the representative is only one and he can’t come shelter because he lives in separated district.
- In this case, findings are, Firstly This method is effective to examine both local strength and weakness in terms of disaster prevention system. Secondly This method should be improved for more subjects to be examined in strengthening disaster coping capabilities. Thirdly For instance, check boxes are inserted on the item selection sheet for considering more cooperation is required or not.
- Secondly Chuodai area. Chuodai exist on here.
- Chuodai area was developed in the 1960’s for worker in Nagoya city. After 40 years from development, Chuodai is turning gray very quickly now.
- There are 8 districts and 13 disaster prevention organizations in the area. There is one disaster prevention association including 13 district disaster prevention organizations. The disaster prevention association and other stakeholders such as social caseworkers, the-aged associations whom the association invited in chuodai area participated in the workshop of scenario-making.
- They tried to make scenarios of the action plan against the Tokai and Tonankai Earthquakes. They found that three action plans to be urgently requested: To secure their furniture to prevent it from falling over. To set up a refuge support plan for the elderly and the disabled. To initiate disaster prevention measures in cooperation with an elementary school and the kindergarten to support children and their parents.
- So, to solve first issue “To secure their furniture to prevent it from falling over”, Demonstrating how to secure furniture was taken place. In this demonstration, the association made new cooperation with volunteers and do-it-yourself store.
- The association clarified there cooperation condition of various subjects. put the card written the disaster prevention association on the center, and various subject cards for example elementary school, autonomous neighborhood associations, and so on put around the disaster prevention association. And write bold lines if strong cooperation between the association and subjects. It is found that they have various cooperation but cooperation of disaster prevention is a little.
- So to make cooperation of disaster prevention, questionnaire making was taken place. To set up support plans for not only the elderly and disable‘s evacuation but also elementary school and the kindergarten, the association made a questionnaire for those facilities or schools, social caseworkers, parent-teacher associations, and so on. On Jan. 2011, the association and elementary school will come together to take place drill of disaster prevention training
- In this case, the findings are The association found their issues and stakeholders as counterpart to make cooperation. The association has made cooperation with volunteer, do-it-yourself store. But this cooperation is effective only in ordinary times. The other hand, they try to make cooperation with elementary school, social caseworkers and so on. Those cooperation will be effective at the time of disaster.
- Conclusions are The map-making and scenario-making methods can improve risk governance for reorganizing local collaborative activities among residents and organizations. Two types of partnerships were developed 1) Partnerships that come into effect when a major disaster occurs, such as the partnership between a disaster prevention organization and an elementary school or kindergarten to support children and their parents 2) Partnerships that are in effect at other times, such as junior high school students helping the elderly to operate computers.