Green Games

© 2009 IBM Corporation
Green Games:
A Practical Approach
George Dolbier: CTO InterActive Media IBM

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Green Games: A Practical Approach
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Agenda
Issues
–Hardware
–Squishware
Solutions:
–Hard Solutions
–Squishie Solutions

IssuesTo an engineer the first problem is
finding out what the problem is

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The world is smaller, flatter and hotter.
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The ecological reality of living in a
globally integrated world
Economic downturn IS impacting games industry
The effects of climate change are a growing
concern.
Datacenters impacted by Empowered consumers
demand more responsible business practices.
Energy Cost is rising at an unprecedented rate.
Organizations play a major role in shaping this reality,
and therefore have a responsibility to manage its impact.

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Organizations go green
by addressing three critical resources:
Carbon emissions
contribute to climate
change, which disrupts
water systems.
Energy is
needed
to clean and
transport
water.
Energy production results
in carbon emissions.
Water is needed to
generate energy.
WATER
CARBONENERGY

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Going green is an imperative for 21st century business—
one that moves beyond recycling, energy saving and other
popular forms of conservation to enable the creation of
entirely new value and benefits.
Lower costs while
overcoming operational
barriers.
Strengthen reputations
while meeting regulations.
Create products and
services that give rise
to new markets.

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Impact of MMO top 60 in 2007
 Number of MMO players est
 Estimated Servers supporting them
 Total estimated Datacenter Space
 Total estimated power consumed
 Total estimated power cost
 Coal used by MMOs in est
 MMO CO2 emissions
 MMO CO2 emissions equiv
 MMO CO2 emissions equiv
27 Million
100,376
33,646 Sq Ft
75,000 KiloWatts / hour
$288 Million USD
365 Tons
103 Tons
10,000 gallons of gas
20 milk cows
Coal burned: 2460 kWh/ton science.howstuffworks.com
900 grams/kwh est coal production www.giss.nasa.gov
A US dairy farmer is able to claim that a lactating cow produces 5 tons of co2 equivalent methane per year. www.rurdev.usda.gov/rbs/pub/nov08/carbon.htm
US department of energy calculation www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/co2.shtml

Look at HardwareThe stuff that uses stuff

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What’s eating you
 Specifics may vary
 Order does not
 Offenders in order
1. CPU
2. Periphs
3. Power Supply
4. Memory
5. Motherboard
6. Moving Parts
http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/prod_development/downloads/EPA_Datacenter_Report_Congress_Final1.pdf

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CPU Power consumption Jump
CPU power consumption Growth
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
CPU Frequency Growth
0.00
500.00
1000.00
1500.00
2000.00
2500.00
3000.00
3500.00
4000.00
New Nehalem will
consume 173 watts @
2.66 Ghz (full load)
http://www.processor-comparison.com/power.html
http://www.anandtech.com/cpuchipsets/intel/sh
owdoc.aspx?i=3326&p=8
http://www.processor-comparison.com/power.html

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AA23920L : Efficiency VS. Load
86.58
87.12
87.61
87.90
88.19
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Load (%)
Efficiency(%)
180 VAC
200 VAC
220 VAC
240 VAC
264 VAC
The ugly truth about power supplies
 Typical PS designed to be most efficient at
50% utilization
 Typical Online Game server utilization >70%
 Most Co-Lo facilities most economical power
110v
 Modern power supplies offer higher
efficiency/ lower stress at higher voltages
Excellent article describing power supply choices for games http://www.anandtech.com/printarticle.aspx?
i=3413
written by LLBL, project headed by Stephen Chu, who went on to be Secretary of Energy in the Obama administration

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Memory
 The bigger the block of memory, the more power it consumes
 The bigger the block of memory, the better power/operation ratio
 Excellent papers by Neil Neilson & assoc
http://www.worlds-fastest.com
http://www.behardware.com/articles/670-3/pc-s-actual-power-consumption.html

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Ugly truth about Disk Drives
A double in drive speed
Results in a cube in power consumption

Look at SquishwareHey, you there.. What are you doing

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Problem of our Own Making
Manage Risk
Manage Schedule
Manage Budget
Manage Quality
Mangers account for time
Forcing people to be in the same office at the
same time
Everybody Drives
40%
Buildings account for
40% of worldwide energy
consumption – and
present the biggest
opportunity for future
abatement.7

Solutions

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To realize the benefits of
going green, a game
company must understand
the entire production pipeline.

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Game Companies are able to go green
today because their systems are
instrumented, interconnected and intelligent.
INSTRUMENTED
We now have the ability to
measure, sense and see the
exact condition of
everything.
INTERCONNECTED
People, systems and objects can
communicate and interact with
each other in entirely new ways.
INTELLIGENT
We can respond to changes
quickly and accurately, and get
better results by predicting and
optimizing for future events.

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Methodological approach
Modify infrastructure to optimize energy
Implement executive energy dashboard
Predict and control energy usage & events
Measure and benchmark energy & thermal performance
Get started
with these
initiatives
Get started
with these
initiatives
MANAGE
Monitor, trend,
and manage
energy to control
costs and risks
OPTIMIZE
Optimize assets
and infrastructure
for energy
efficiency
DISCOVER
Measure, collect, and
benchmark energy
information to identify
opportunities
REPORT
Track and verify
energy efficiency
for compliance and
stakeholders

Datacenter SolutionsBig, Cold, Noisy, Power Hungry Dungeons

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EPA recommendations for IT
Data Center
 Accurate thermal and energy usage assessments
 Extend life of existing infrastructure
 Rationalize data center infrastructures across
company
 Design flexibility into new data center infrastructure
IT Equipment
 Energy efficient hardware
 Virtualization and consolidation
 Innovative cooling technologies
 Active energy management
 Tiered storage
Facilities / Property
 Instrumentation of all assets for power, temperature,
layout, and problem identification
 Intelligent building management systems
Data and applications
 Measure, collect, benchmark
 Monitor, trend, manage
 Tracking, verify, readiness for compliance
 Earn energy efficiency certificates
Energy Management
 Lifecycle management, retention, archiving of data
 Optimization of application servers
 Application performance monitoring
 Chargeback and usage accounting for energy
 Consolidation and rationalization
http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/prod_de
velopment/downloads/EPA_Datacenter_Repo
rt_Congress_Final1.pdf

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Stuff you can’t control
 Site Infrastructure is 50% of a datacenter’s power consumption
 Cooling
 Power Distribution
 UPS efficiency
Co-location limits your ability to impact
Improvements Cost ($K) Payback
Reduce recirculation & bypass of cooling air < 5 < 1 year
Increase CRAC air discharge temperature < 5 <1 year
Adjust indoor temperature & relative humidity < 3 <1 year
Turn off CRAC’s where no IT equipment load < 1 immediate
Improve UPS efficiency 40-140 1-2 years
Consider transferring IT loads to two PDUs Varies varies
Implement occupancy sensor light controls < 5 1.5 years
Variable speed fans 200 6 years
Variable speed scroll compressors 300 18 years
Total 60 - 700 1 To 18 years

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Realities for a Game running in a fixed price CoLo
Data Center
 Accurate thermal and energy usage assessments
 Extend life of existing infrastructure
 Rationalize data center infrastructures across
company
 Design flexibility into new data center infrastructure
IT Equipment
 Energy efficient hardware
 Virtualization and consolidation
 Innovative cooling technologies
 Active energy management
 Storage reduction/consolidation
Facilities / Property
 Instrumentation of all assets for power, temperature,
layout, and problem identification
 Intelligent building management systems
Data and applications
 Measure, collect, benchmark
 Monitor, trend, manage
 Tracking, verify, readiness for compliance
 Earn energy efficiency certificates
Energy Management
 Lifecycle management, retention, archiving of data
 Optimization of application servers
 Application performance monitoring
 Chargeback and usage accounting for energy
 Consolidation and rationalization
http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/prod_de
velopment/downloads/EPA_Datacenter_Repo
rt_Congress_Final1.pdf

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What you can do with hardware in a
fixed price CoLo?
 High Density Servers
– Reduced footprint
– Smaller number of power taps means smaller monthly cost
 Go DISKLESS
– Tricky technique: All servers boot from only 1 LUN
– High performance

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RUN THE NUMBERS!
Compare Platforms
Fixed v.s. Variable
Compare over Growth
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
$450,000
RD Blade 1U RD pkwh Blade pkwh 1U pkwh
Community Size
Monthly cost of Operations Projections
comparing 3 server types,
in two different datacenter types

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You can do More things in a variable
priced Datacenter
 pStates
– Low Wattage CPUs
– High voltage power drops
 High Wattage power drops
– More efficient power supplies
 Low wattage Memory
 MAID is NOT a solution for 24/7 games Operations
 MAID IS a solution for game studios

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Your power company, your friend
PG&E in Nor Cal
–25 different rebate programs
–1.4 million dollars awarded to Net App

Squishy Solutions
Hey, you there, stop that

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Change how people are managed
Manage by accomplishment not by time
Managers freed from baby sitting to focusing on goals
People freed to make accomplishments as they see fit
People can work where they are, where it is natural
Go To Christopher Natsuume’s presentation tonight at 6
http://www.business.com/guides/eco-friendly-business-management-8269/

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We’ve only just begun to uncover
what is possible
CHANGECONTRIBUTION
The world will continue to become smaller
flatter and smarter
Growth will be found in organizations that
Put back more than they take out

Thank Yougeorged@us.ibm.com

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APPENDIX:
More on Systematic approach to green
33

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The demand for change is growing.
U.S. states have announced
energy efficiency targets.
of companies surveyed say
the number of advocacy groups
collecting and reporting CSR-
related information about them
has increased.
CEOs view sustainability
as impacting brand value.
21 75% 8 in 10
California: 33% by 2020
Nevada: 15% by 2013, solar 5% of annual
Arizona: 1.1% by 2007, 60% solar
New Mexico: 10% by 2011
Colorado: 10% by 2015
Texas: 2.7% by 2009
Hawaii: 33% by 2020
Montana: 15% by 2015
Iowa: 2% by 1999
Minnesota: 19% by 2015
Wisconsin: 2.2% by 2011
Illinois: 12% by 2012
New York: 24% by 2013
Pennsylvania: 8% by 2020
Washington, DC: 11% by 2022
Maine: 30% by 2000
Massachusetts: 4% by 2009
Rhode Island: 16% by 2019
Connecticut: 10% by 2010
New Jersey: 6.5% by 2008
Maryland: 7.5% by 2019

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today because all the
parts of their systems can be made
instrumented, interconnected and
intelligent.
INSTRUMENTED
We now have the ability to
measure, sense and see the
exact condition of
everything.
INTERCONNECTED
People, systems and objects can
communicate and interact with
each other in entirely new ways.
INTELLIGENT
We can respond to changes
quickly and accurately, and get
better results by predicting and
optimizing for future events.

36
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An opportunity for smarter organizations
to achieve real benefits.
Lower costs while
overcoming operational
barriers.
Strengthen reputations
while meeting
regulations.
Create products and
services that give
rise to new markets.
+ + =

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To achieve these benefits,
organizations must build:
Green infrastructure
Instrument, manage and optimize
across broad infrastructure—
including IT, buildings, systems and
fleets. Manage the environmental
impact of every asset. Enable
compliance readiness.
1 Sustainable operations
Decrease workforce footprint.
Optimize business processes to
reduce cost and environmental
impact across supply chains,
manufacturing and development.
Create environmentally
friendly products.
2 Intelligent systems
Manage resources at the macro
level—utilities, traffic and water
systems. Provide actionable
information in real time to enable
more informed decision-making.
3

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Lessons Learned
Preparation
 Enlist a Senior Executive Sponsor for enterprise view
 Motivate Business Units through benefits and incentives
 Build business case and gather data – financial, inventory
Start-Up
 Start small and build an enterprise view
 Run ops while transforming w/strong PM, dedicated team
 Define reference architecture for ‘to be’ environment
Execution
 Integrate waves / resources, leverage existing processes
 Enterprise criteria and strategy, communicate real-time
 Drive cultural change needed to support transformation

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