Linkage Master Program Double Degree FIA-Universitas Brawijaya and Japanese Universities 2006

1. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
IN INDONESIA
Linkage Master Program
Double Degree FIA-Universitas Brawijaya and Japanese
Universities
Lecturer : Prof. Dr. Ir. Ginandjar Kartasasmita
jgkar@cbn.net.id
www.ginandjar.com
Assistant Professor : Dr.Ir. Deddy S. Bratakusumah, BE, MURP, M.Sc.
deddys@bappenas.go.id
www.ginandjar.com

2. The Evolving Political System
System of Unitarian/ Federal/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/
Government Presidential Parliamentary Parliamentary Presidential Presidential Presidential Presidential
Constitution 1945 Federal Provisional 1945 1945 1945 1945
(amended)
Period
P i d 1945-1949
1945 1949 1950 1950-1959 1959 1966
1959-1966 1966-1998 1998 2004
1998-2004 2004-Now
2004 N
Political Situation • The system • Functioning • Guided • New Order Democratization
of govern- parliamentary Democracy • Stability
ment was democracy • Campaign to • Economic • Reforms
parliamenta
li t (1955 generall • Democra
win back Irian progress movement
ry election) tically
Jaya • Restrained • Demo- elected
• War for • Political • Confrontation democracy cratic govern-
Indepen- Instability with Malaysia transition
• Concentrati ment
dence • Rebellion: and its allies on of power • Demo-
• Rebellion: Regional
Regional, • D t i
Deteriora- • Dominant cratic
Communist Islamic tering role of conso-
(1948), Extremism economy military in lidation
Islamic • Coup attempt
Extremism politics and
1965 governance
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3. Political Institutions: 1945 Constitution
People’s
Consultative Assembly (
y (MPR)
)
Supreme
Supreme Court Advisory Board
(MA)
( ) (DPA)
President
House of
Supreme A di
S Audit Representatives
Board (BPK) (DPR)
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4. Political Institutions: 1959-1966
1959-
President
Supreme
Supreme Court Advisory Board
(MA)
( ) (DPA)
MPR
House of
Supreme A di
S Audit Representatives
Board (BPK) (DPR)
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5. al stitutio (1966-1999)
The People
6
People Consultative Assembly (MPR)
P l C lt ti A bl
President House of Representatives
ons
(DPR)
Cabinet
Provincial House of
Politica Ins
Governor Representatives (DPRD I)
District House of
District Chief (Bupati) Representatives (DPRD II)
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6. People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR)
2 x DPR Members (920)
1/3 Appointed
9)
ons 1966-1999 House of Representatives (DPR) Additional Members
360 Elective Members
100 Appointed
1966-
Regional F i lG
Functional Group d Non
ABRI and N
Political Golongan Representatives ABRI
Parties Karya 4 - 7 x Provinces Representatives
Governors included
titutio (1
Non ABRI ABRI
DPRD I DPRD II
40 s.d 75
d 20 s.d 40
20% Appointed 20% Appointed
Golongan
g
Po al Inst
Golongan
Karya Politik Golongan Karya Golongan Politik
ABRI Non
ABRI
olitica
ABRI Non
ABRI
General Election
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The People 6
Source: Law No. 19/1969

7. Political Institutions: 1999-2004
1999-
People’s
Consultative Assembly (
y (MPR)
)
Supreme
Supreme Court Advisory Board
(MA)
( ) (DPA)
President
House of
Supreme A di
S Audit Representatives
Board (BPK) (DPR)
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8. MPR
700
4)
ons 1999-2004
Local Representatives Functional Group DPR
5 x 27 members 65 500
DPRD I Functional
45 s.d 100 Associations ABRI Parpol
38 462
olitica stitutio (1
ABRI Parpol
10% 90%
DPRD II
20 s.d 45
Po al Ins
ABRI Parpol
10% 90%
General Election
The People
Th P l
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Source: Law No. 4/1999

9. Political Institutions (2004-Now)
(2004-
P
People’s
l ’
Consultative Assembly (MPR)
House of Regional
g
Representatives Representatives
(DPR) Council (DPD)
The People
General Election President
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10. Political Institutions (2004-Now)
(2004-
MPR
SUPREME DPR DPD SUPREME CONSTI-
AUDIT COURT TUTIONAL
BOARD
PRESIDENT 550 4 x Number of (MA) COURT (MK)
(BPK) Provinces
DPRD Province
35 s.d 100
DPRD Kab/Kota
20 s.d 45
Political Parties
General Election
The People
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Source: Law No. 22/2003

11. Local Government Political Institutions
Before 2004
President
DPRD I Governor
45 - 100
DPRD II Bupati/
ABRI Political Parties 20 - 45 Walikota
10% 90%
Political Parties ABRI
90% 10%
Village
General Election
The People
Sources: Law No. 4/1999 on Arrangement and Position of MPR, DPR, and DPRD
Law No. 22/1999 on Local Government 11

12. Local Government Political Institutions
After 2004
President
DPRD Province Governor
35 - 100
DPRD Bupati/
Kabupaten/Kota Walikota
20 - 45
Political Parties
Political Parties Village
General Election
The People
Sources: Law No. 22/2003 on Arrangement and Position of MPR, DPR, DPD and DPRD
Law No. 32/2004 on Local Government
No
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