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2013
North Carolina
Clean Energy Industry Census
January 2014
Censo da Indústria de Energia Limpa da Carolina do Norte
Authors:
Robin Aldina
Jerry Carey
Ivan Urlaub
Design:
Victoria Somol
North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association:
Founded in 1978, the North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association is a 501(c)3 nonprofit membership organization
of individuals, businesses, government, and non-profits interested in North Carolina's sustainable energy future.
Located in Raleigh, but active statewide, the North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association is the leading nonprofit
in North Carolina devoted to driving public policy change and market development in ways that will create clean
energy jobs, business opportunities, and affordable energy.
Acknowledgements:
The North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association would like to thank all of the firms that responded to the 2013
Southeast Clean Energy Industry Census. Additional thanks to the Center for Urban Affairs and Community Services
at the North Carolina State University for assistance in programing the online survey and administering telephone
interviews. NCSEA also deeply appreciates the efforts of partner organizations, Southface, the South Carolina
Clean Energy Business Alliance, and the Virginia Energy Efficiency Council on the Southeast Clean Energy Industry
Census. Special thanks goes to Shan Arora of Southface for his work coordinating data analysis efforts across these
organizations, as well as providing editing for the North Carolina Census.
This report and survey infrastructure are made possible through the generous support of the Energy Foundation.
© 2013 North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association. Any distribution of a modification, recreation, edit, or any other change
in content, appearance or other aspect of a part of the entirety of this document without the express written consent of the
North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association is strictly forbidden.
4 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census
INTRODUCTION
I
n 2008, the North Carolina Sustainable Energy
Association (NCSEA) undertook a first of its
kind survey of the clean energy industry in order
to quantify its impact on the state’s economy and
report the findings. The 2013 North Carolina Clean
Energy Industry Census (North Carolina Census)
represents the sixth edition of this annual report
prepared by NCSEA.
2013 is the inaugural year of an expanded geographic
scope for the census. NCSEA’s North Carolina Census
served as a template for this year’s broader four state
effort, the Southeast Clean Energy Industry Census
(Southeast Census).1
The Southeast Census surveyed
companies, institutions, and organizations (collectively
referred to as “firms” in this report) in North Carolina,
Georgia, South Carolina and Virginia to understand
employment, revenue, and policy drivers of various
sectors and activities within each state’s and the
southeast region’s clean energy industry. This report
presents and analyzes the North Carolina Census results.
Please visit www.cleanenergyindustry.org for information
on the Southeast Census results.
Data is self-reported by firms who classify themselves
among a selection of clean energy business sectors and
activities. Data in this report is only presented in
aggregate in order to protect the privacy of these firms.
Readers interested in additional analysis on census data
and related market intelligence should contact NCSEA
staff directly at info@energync.org with their questions.2
This report aims to provide a snapshot of the current
state of the clean energy industry in North Carolina by
addressing common questions such as:
 How many firms are currently working in the various
sectors within the clean energy industry, and what
are their business activities?
 How many people are employed by these firms?
 How much revenue are these firms generating?
 What are the drivers for growth in this industry
going forward?
NCSEA created the industry census to help measure the
impact of North Carolina’s clean energy policies, and
identify where policies are or are not achieving the
results policymakers, economic developers and industry
envisioned. Presenting analysis on employment,
revenues, geographic presence, export activity, business
hurdles, and growth potential in the industry, the North
Carolina Census report has become an invaluable
resource for stakeholders with a myriad of uses including:
 Benchmarking the overall industry and specific
sectors.
 Supporting decision-makers in answering policy
questions.
 Promoting the success of clean energy policies,
businesses, and industries.
 Identifying policy challenges and possible solutions.
 Tracking the development of clean energy markets
in North Carolina.
During the period from 2007-2012, policies such as the
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Portfolio
Standard3
, the Renewable Energy Investment Tax
Table 1: Business Sectors analyzed by NCSEA, 2013
2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Overview
Number of
Responding Firms
Statewide Clean
Energy Employees
Statewide Clean
Energy Revenue
570 18,404 $3,584,441,125
Table 2: Overview of North Carolina Clean Energy Industry
Census Results, 2013
Business Sector Abbreviation
Solar Solar
Wind Wind
Biomass Biomass
Hydroelectric Hydro
Geothermal/Ground Source Heat Pumps Geothermal
Smart Grid or AMI/AMR Infrastructure Smart Grid
Energy Efficiency/Building Sciences EE Bldg
Energy Storage (including fuel cells) Storage
Alternative Fuels or Clean Fuel Vehicle Conversion Vehicles
2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 5
Credit4
, and the Utility Savings Initiative5
allowed our
clean energy industry to access the energy market,
compete on price and quality, and build out a supply
chain to the benefit of the entire North Carolina
economy.
Economic impact studies and this annual industry census
have shown North Carolina’s clean energy industry and
the policies that enable them to perform are a net benefit
to both the state’s economy and electricity ratepayers. In
February 2013, RTI International and La Capra Associates
collaborated on a report quantifying the impacts of these
initiatives and found the following6
:
 Clean energy development has resulted in a net
gain of 21,163 job years.7
 Clean energy policies have generated $113 million
in state revenues.
 Energy efficiency programs saved the
government an estimated $427 million in
taxpayer money.
 Enough energy has been generated or saved
through renewable energy and energy
efficiency projects (8.2 million MWh) to
power all the homes in Charlotte, Raleigh,
and Fayetteville for an entire year.
Included in this years Census report are key North
Carolina findings from analysis of data collected
through the 2013 North Carolina Census, which
captured full or partial responses from 570 firms
operating within North Carolina. This represents
approximately 52% of the estimated 1,100 firms currently
conducting clean energy related business in North
Carolina.8
This edition of the report, however, does not
attempt to estimate the impacts of non-respondents.
This report and the North Carolina data available at
www.cleanenergyindustry.org present only the
aggregated data provided by the 570 North Carolina
clean energy firms that participated in the 2013 North
Carolina Census. As a result, all estimates of
employment, revenues, and demographics in this report
are inherently conservative in nature, thus the true
economic impact of the clean energy industry is indeed
larger than what is presented here. The total number of
firms providing data for a particular calculation is noted
throughout the report, and response rates for all analyses
are based on the estimated 1,100 clean energy firms
operating in North Carolina.9
Please refer to Appendix A
for greater detail of survey methodology.
Table 3: Business Activities analyzed by NCSEA, 2013
Business Activity Abbreviation
Research and Development R&D
Manufacturing and Production Manufacturing
New Energy Efficient Design and Construction EE Construction
Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Existing Buildings EE Retrofitting
Renewable Energy Systems Retailer or Distributor RE Retailer
Renewable Energy Systems Installer Designer Developer RE Installer
Power Generation Owner or Operator Generation
Education, Services, and Consulting Services
EMPLOYMENT
T
he clean energy industry continued its trend of
expansion and economic development in North
Carolina throughout 2013. North Carolina’s
clean energy industry has added jobs each of the past six
years, partially mitigating what would have been even
greater employment losses across North Carolina and the
nation during the Great Recession.10
The 562 responding firms (51% response rate) that
provided employment data account for a reported 18,404
full-time equivalent (FTE) employees in North Carolina
representing an increase of over 20% from 2012 numbers
(15,200 FTE).11
The clean energy industry currently employs
18,404 full-time equivalent employees in
North Carolina, up more than 20% from 2012.
6 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census
Table 4: North Carolina Clean Energy Organizations and
Employment by Business Sector, 2013
Figure 1: Distribution of Organizations by Business
Sector, 2013
Figure 2: Distribution of Employment by Business
Sector, 2013
Clean energy firms operating in North Carolina
occupy a diversity of business sectors, led by
Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences (356 firms,
33% of respondents), Solar (240 firms, 22%), and
Geothermal/Underground Heat Pumps (122 firms,
11%).
Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences also led
employment with 5,411 FTE (33%). Solar firms
are also well represented, with the third highest
employment numbers in 2013, accounting for
2,422 FTE (15%). Notably, Smart Grid or AMI/
AMR Infrastructure firms rank last in the number
of firms in the marketplace (43 firms, 4%), but are
second in employment with 4,177 FTE (25%).
Sector
# of
Responding
Firms
% of
Responding
Firms
Clean
Energy FTE
% State
Clean
Energy FTE
Solar 240 22% 2,422 15%
Wind 64 6% 632 4%
Biomass 94 9% 1,277 8%
Hydro 39 4% 953 6%
Geothermal 122 11% 480 3%
Smart Grid 43 4% 4,177 25%
EE Bldg 356 33% 5,411 33%
Storage 47 4% 544 3%
Vehicles 70 7% 678 4%
Sector Totals 1,075 100% 16,573 100%
EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR
The Smart Grid sector had the highest employment in 2013 with just over 97 FTE per firm.
Hydroelectric firms were second with an average of nearly 24 FTE, followed by Energy
Efficiency and Building Sciences with approximately 15 FTE per firm.
2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 7
Table 5: North Carolina Clean Energy Organizations and
Employment by Business Activity, 2013
Figure 3: Distribution of Organizations by Business
Activity, 2013
Firms participate in a wide variety of clean energy
business activities in North Carolina, with the largest
portion of respondents (287 firms, 20% of total)
reporting involvement in New Energy Efficient Design
and Construction, Energy Efficient Retrofitting of Existing
Buildings (269 firms, 19%), and Education, Services, and
Consulting (248 firms, 18%).
Interestingly, the business activities that had the greatest
number of firms did not necessarily have the highest em-
ployment. Education, Services, and Consulting led the
way in employment in 2013 with 4,587 FTE (27% of the
clean energy workforce), significantly higher than the
2,727 FTE (16%) reported in New Energy Efficient Design
and Construction, and the 2,457 FTE (15%) in Research
and Development.
Activity
# of
Responding
Firms
% of
Responding
Firms
Clean
Energy FTE
% State
Clean
Energy FTE
R&D 157 11% 2,457 15%
Manufacturing 104 7% 1,983 12%
EE Construction 287 20% 2,727 16%
EE Retrofitting 269 19% 1,614 10%
RE Retailer 91 6% 453 3%
RE Installer 200 14% 2,352 14%
Generation 56 4% 580 3%
Services 248 18% 4,587 27%
Activity Totals 1,412 100% 16,753 100%
Figure 4: Distribution of Employment by Business
Activity, 2013
Manufacturing firms were
the leading employers in
2013 with nearly 20 FTE per
firm. Education, Services,
and Consulting followed
closely with 18.5 FTE, as did
Research and Development
firms with 15 FTE.
EMPLOYMENT BY ACTIVITY
8 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census
Table 6: North Carolina Clean Energy Revenues by Business Sector, 2013
Going forward, the perspective for 2014 employment
growth across the clean energy industry looks very
favorable with firms reporting they will add jobs across
all business sectors and activities.
Business sectors with fewer firms currently participating
are anticipating to be job providers in the future. Energy
Storage, Alternative Fuels and Clean Fuel Vehicle
Conversion, and Smart Grid or AMI/AMR Infrastructure
each report that over 60% of firms are somewhat or very
likely to add jobs over the next twelve months. In
addition, between 64% and 68% of clean energy firms
involved in Power Generation, Research and
Development, and Manufacturing and Production expect
to add jobs in 2014.
These results show that each clean energy business
sector in North
Carolina grew in 2013 and will continue to grow through
2014. Industry clusters appear to be maturing and
innovating, as indicated by the projected growth in the
Smart Grid and AMI/AMR Infrastructure sector, as well as
activities of Research and Development, and
Manufacturing and Production.
Between 64% and 68% of firms involved
in Power Generation, Research and
Development, and Manufacturing and
Production expect to add jobs in 2014.
T
his year’s census captured revenue numbers
from 443 firms (40% response rate) in North
Carolina that cumulatively reported
approximately $3.6 billion in gross revenues.
NCSEA estimated that $3.6 billion in gross
revenues were generated by the 443 clean
energy firms in North Carolina disclosing
their income.
REVENUE
Among business sectors, Solar is again a leader,
generating $1.1B in 2013 to account for 30% of all
earnings in the industry. It is followed closely by
Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences with $985M
(28%) in revenues, and Smart Grid or AMI/AMR
Infrastructure with $611M (17%). The next highest
earning sector is much lower with Energy Storage
grossing $265M in revenues.
Sector # of Responding Firms % of Responding Firms Clean Energy Revenues
% State Clean Energy
Revenue
Solar 240 22% $1,059,567,129 30%
Wind 64 6% $88,848,435 3%
Biomass 94 9% $230,956,574 7%
Hydro 39 4% $104,959,113 3%
Geothermal 122 11% $88,527,387 3%
Smart Grid 43 4% $611,421,713 17%
EE Bldg 356 33% $984,712,339 28%
Storage 47 4% $265,376,745 8%
Vehicles 70 7% $66,934,200 2%
Sector Totals 1,075 100% $3,501,303,633 100%
REVENUE BY SECTOR
EMPLOYMENT GOING FORWARD
2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 9
Figure 7: Clean Energy Revenues by Business Activity, 2013
Figure 5: Clean Energy Revenues by Business Sector, 2013 Figure 6: Clean Energy Revenue Distribution by
Business Sector, 2013
Clean energy revenue distribution across business
activities shows again that Research and Development
($678M), New Energy Efficient Construction ($671M),
and Education, Services and Consulting ($667M) are core
to the clean energy industry. These three activities,
combined with Renewable Energy Installation, Design, or
Development account for nearly 75% of all the clean
energy revenue generated by business activity in North
Carolina over the last year.
Figure 8: Clean Energy Revenue Distribution by
Business Activity, 2013
REVENUE BY ACTIVITY
10 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census
T
his year’s census confirmed 620 widely
distributed clean energy office locations
throughout North Carolina belonging to 505
responding firms (46% response rate). Importantly, every
region of the state is home to at least one clean energy
firm.
Clean energy firms have office locations in each of the
economic and micro-economic regions in North Carolina.
North Carolina clean energy firms remain small and specialized on the whole.
GEOGRAPHY
It is worth noting that the majority of firms in the North
Carolina clean energy industry are specialized and have
relatively small annual revenues. Data shows that 43%
(213) of firms rely on clean energy activities for 100% of
their revenues, and account for 82% ($2.9 billion) of total
clean energy income within the state. Additionally, 38%
(189) of firms earned less than $100,000 in clean energy
revenue, but only made up 0.15% ($5.5 million) of the
statewide total revenue. In contrast, the three firms
deriving greater than $500M of revenue from clean
energy business made up only 0.6% of respondents, but
brought in nearly 42% ($1.5 billion) of all revenues.
Figure 9: Map of North Carolina's Micro-Economic Regions
In an effort to more closely match forthcoming changes in
how the NC Department of Commerce characterizes
economic development regions of the state, this year’s
census includes a breakdown of firms into sixteen
Micro-Economic Regions within North Carolina.12
Responses to the Census indicate that clean energy firms
have office locations in each of the sixteen Micro-
Economic Regions. Of these regions, the Triangle J Council
of Governments contains the greatest number of clean
energy offices (169), with the Centralina Council of
Governments (93), Piedmont Triad Regional Council (67),
and the Land-of-Sky Regional Council (58) also having a
leading industry presence.
GEOGRAPHY BY MICROECONOMIC REGION
2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 11
Table 8: Clean Energy Office Locations
and FTE by Economic Development
Region, 2013
Table 7: Clean Energy Office Locations and FTE by Micro-Region, 2013
Micro-Region Offices FTE Micro-Region Offices FTE
Triangle J Council of Governments 206 9,265 Albermarle Commission 13 628
Centralina Council of Governments 114 1,908 Mid-Carolina Council of Governments 13 117
Piedmont Triad Regional Council 87 490 Eastern Carolina Council of Governments 12 105
Land-of_Sky Regional Council 64 466 Kerr-Tar Regional Council of Governments 10 786
Cape Fear Council of Governments 40 206 Southwestern Commision 8 70
Western Piedmont Council of Governments 15 50 Isothermal Planning & Development Commision 5 1,146
High Country Council of Governments 14 104 Upper Coastal Plains Council of Governments 3 15
Mid-East Commission 13 836 Lumber River Council of Governments 3 1
Grand Total: 620 Offices, 16,194 FTE
Looking at the distribution of firms by regional economic
development partnership areas, the Research Triangle
contains the greatest number of clean energy offices
(218), followed by the Charlotte Region (127) and the
Piedmont Triad (87).13
Please be aware that the NC Department
of Commerce is continuing work to define the most
effective geographic areas for economic partnership
within the state. Therefore, it is likely that some of
the regions presented in these figures will be modified in
the future.
Figure 10: Map of North Carolina's Economic Development Regions
Region Offices FTE
Research Triangle 218 10,082
Charlotte Regional 127 2,284
Advantage West 93 1,460
Piedmont Triad 87 490
Southeast 54 293
Northeast 22 1,446
Eastern 19 139
Grand Total 620 16,194
GEOGRAPHY BY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP
12 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census
Figure 9: Distribution of Companies Participating in various markets, 2013
W
hile, the majority of North Carolina clean
energy goods and services remain close to
home, the clean energy industry has
achieved a significant and increasing penetration
into regional, national and international markets.
Approximately 49% (435 firms) of all responding
firms indicated that they participated in local markets
within 100 miles of their office locations, 27% (245)
entered regional markets up to 500 miles away, 16%
(145) of firms have a national reach, and about 8%
(68) operated internationally.
Table 9: Distribution of Market Participation by
Business Sector, 2013
Table 10: Distribution of Market Participation by Business
Activity, 2013
Activity
Local
Markets
Regional
Markets
National
Markets
International
Markets
R&D 37% 27% 23% 13%
Manufacturing 39% 26% 21% 14%
EE Construction 55% 25% 14% 6%
EE Retrofitting 55% 27% 13% 5%
RE Retailer 45% 29% 17% 8%
RE Installer 47% 29% 17% 7%
Generation 47% 30% 18% 5%
Services 41% 31% 19% 9%
Sector
Local
Markets
Regional
Markets
National
Markets
International
Markets
Solar 42% 30% 20% 9%
Wind 30% 31% 24% 15%
Biomass 35% 32% 21% 12%
Hydro 41% 30% 21% 8%
Geothermal 54% 27% 12% 7%
Smart Grid 31% 27% 29% 14%
EE Bldg 53% 27% 13% 7%
Storage 27% 26% 27% 19%
Vehicles 37% 25% 23% 15%
EXPORTS
Participation in each market, however, was not
equally distributed across all business sectors and
activities. Firms active in energy storage, alternative
fuels, and smart grid infrastructure had broader
reach, as opposed to geothermal and hydroelectric
activities, which were grounded in local markets.
Additionally, Research and Development, and
Manufacturing and Production firms had better than
average penetration into national and international
markets, while firms working in energy efficiency
operated mostly in local markets.
2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 13
T
he clean energy industry in North Carolina has
experienced rapid growth since the first census
report in 2008 with increases in the number of
firms, revenues, and employment. In an effort to
determine what will drive continued growth across the
industry, NCSEA solicited opinions from census
respondents.
Firms indicated that they would consider a wide range
of both policy and market factors when deciding to add
jobs during the next year. Access to incentives is their
primary consideration, with 54% of all firms naming it as
a factor in their decision. Additionally, 53% of firms
indicated that consumer awareness will be critical to
growing their business and therefore play a role in their
hiring.
Also vital to the continued employment growth in North
Carolina’s clean energy industry will be matching the
skills of the available workforce to the needs of the firms
operating in the space. Across all business sectors and
activities, 39% of firms observed a gap in Engineering
and Design skills. An additional 33% of all firms indicated
a gap in Customer Service and Sales expertise, and 26%
of all firms indicated that they are lacking employees
versed in Energy Auditing. The latter point is likely a
result of the high number of firms focusing on Energy
Efficiency and Building Sciences. These are areas of
potential job growth as well as an indication that more
training may be needed in these skill areas.
Finally, firms were given an opportunity to indicate which
policies are the most important to their business. While
there were a wide variety of responses across firms,
one stood out as important to the industry as a whole.
In 2013, nearly three of every four clean energy firms in
North Carolina suggested that Streamlining and
Standardizing Permitting are needed in order to improve
the industry and market. This was a trend noticed by
NCSEA, as the percent of firms indicating the importance
of improved permitting has increased steadily since 2009.
In an effort to resolve this issue for one of the most
active sectors of the North Carolina clean energy
market, NCSEA has collaborated with the North Carolina
Solar Center to develop a Template Solar Ordinance.
The intent of this template approach is to facilitate
the adoption of a consistent and applicable solar
development ordinance for cities and counties
throughout North Carolina. For more information on the
Solar Ordinance please refer to http://energync.org/
resources/publications/ to view the document.
3 of 4 clean energy firms in North
Carolina indicated that Standardized
and Streamlined Permitting would
benefit the industry.
Skill Gaps:
 Engineering and Design
 Customer Service/Sales
 Energy Auditing
 High Performance Building
 Electrical Systems/Wiring
FUTURE GROWTH
“The numbers in this year’s Census leave no doubt that the clean energy industry is
continuing to emerge as a valuable contributor to the state’s economy,” said Ivan Urlaub,
Executive Director for NCSEA. “But growth like this doesn’t happen by accident or chance.
It is the result of entrepreneurs, investors and workers receiving a clear message that
North Carolina is ‘open for business,’ and that only comes about through good clean
energy policy.”
14 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census
Endnotes:
1. The Southeast Census is a partnership between the NCSEA, South Carolina Clean Energy Business Alliance (SCCEBA), Southface in Georgia, and the Virginia Energy
Efficiency Council (VAEEC).
2. Since 2008, NCSEA has expanded its data collection to include over twenty unique datasets measuring a diversity of market factors such as costs, projects, and
resources. On a fee-for-service basis, NCSEA can assist private, public and non-profit entities needing more customized intelligence into clean energy market and
policy in North Carolina.
3. NC Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard - Available at: www.ncuc.commerce.state.nc.us/reps/reps.htm
4. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 105-129.15 et seq. Available at: http://www.ncleg.net/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByArticle/Chapter_105/Article_3B.html
5. Utility Savings Initiative – Available at: www.energync.net/utility-savings-initiative
6. The Economic, Utility Portfolio, and Rate Impact of Clean Energy Development in North Carolina - Available at: www.energync.org/assets/files/RTI%20Study%
202013.pdf
7. One job year represents full-time employment for an individual over 12 months. Two job years could be equivalent to an individual being employed full-time for
two years, or two individuals being employed full-time for one year.
8. Based on further analysis, NCSEA determined that there are an additional 530 clean energy firms active in North Carolina that did not participate in the 2013
North Carolina Census.
9. e.g. Responses from 443 firms yields a response rate of 40% (443/1,100=0.40)
10. National data available at: www.bls.gov, North Carolina specific data: www.nccommerce.com/lead
11. 2012 North Carolina Clean Energy Industries Census – www.energync.org/assets/files/2012Census.pdf
12. NC Regional Councils – Available at: http://www.ncregions.org/regional-map/
13. North Carolina Economic Development Regional Partnerships – Available at: www.nccommerce.com/about-our-department/partners-allies; the number of
office locations is smaller than past annual results because only responding firms are included in this year’s results, even though the address of non-responding
firms is known.
CONCLUSION
T
he clean energy industry in North Carolina has
approximately 1,100 operating firms, 570 of
which responded to the 2013 North Carolina
Census questions representing approximately 52% of
the industry. Located throughout the state, these firms
engage in a wide array of business activities, and
represent a diversity of revenue and employment levels,
as well as growth opportunities. NCSEA calculates that
these firms generated $3.6 billion in revenue, and
employed more than 18,404 full-time equivalent
positions in 2013. Firms have office locations across
all economic regions of the state, and supply products
and services to local, regional, national, and
international markets.
Education, Services, and Consulting firms lead the way
in terms of employment and revenues, followed by
Research and Development, and New Energy Efficient
Design and Construction. The greatest proportional
increase in clean energy jobs is expected in three
activities critical to North Carolina’s ongoing economic
resurgence, including Manufacturing and Production,
Research and Development, and Power Generation.
And while Solar and Energy Efficiency and Building
Science tend to be major business sectors based on
the high number of firms participating, Smart Grid or
AMI/AMR Infrastructure firms continue to punch above
their weight relative to the rest of the clean energy
industry in terms of both employment and revenue.
With 60% of Smart Grid and Energy Storage firms
anticipating job growth in 2014, North Carolina continues
to be a leading industry hub for Smart Grid and possesses
a potentially emerging Energy Storage market. It is
therefore important that North Carolina energy policies
are shaped in a way that supports these industries. Plans
for deployment of smart grid infrastructure should be
well thought-out, and regulations regarding the large
amount of data advanced metering creates will need to
be developed.
Importantly, all sectors of the clean energy industry
anticipate adding additional jobs in 2014. These jobs,
however, hinge on both political and market factors
related to incentive access and consumer awareness.
Additionally, look for job postings in Engineering and
Design, Customer Service and Sales, and Energy Auditing,
as those are skills gaps that firms are looking to fill.
Further, the clean energy industry will look for
streamlined and standardized permitting procedures to
improve the ease of conducting business in North
Carolina.
Finally, firms both incumbent and entering North Carolina
will look for a stable regulatory landscape that allows the
clean energy industry to continue the growth trend it has
been experiencing since the NCSEA began aggregating
census data in 2008. Uncertainty in the policy arena
could have negative effects as firms will be hesitant to
invest in an unpredictable marketplace.
APPENDIX A: METHODOLOGY
Identifying Clean Energy Firms in North Carolina
 NCSEA compiled a preliminary list of companies,
organizations, and institutions potentially conducting
clean energy business in NC.
 NCSEA performed research assessing whether each
identified firm was indeed involved in a clean energy
business sector included in the Census.
 For firms deemed to be within the scope, NCSEA
identified primary and secondary contacts and
obtained their e-mail and telephone information.
 NCSEA shared its preliminary list of clean energy firms
with its partners Southface, SCCEBA, and VAEEC in
order to eliminate duplicate entries.
 The final list of North Carolina clean energy firms was
delivered to the North Carolina State University Center
for Urban Affairs and Community Services (NC State).
NC State conducted the online survey and follow-up
phone calls.
Performing the Survey
NCSEA sent a survey e-mail to each North Carolina firm,
which included a hyperlink to the online survey, as well
as unique login and password credentials. NCSEA sent
multiple reminder e-mails to those North Carolina firms
that had not completed the online survey. NC State
commenced phone interviews with North Carolina firms
that had not yet completed the online survey. The survey
closed on October 14, 2013. Results in this report are
specific to business conducted within North Carolina only.
Please see cleanenergyindustry.org for aggregate results
from all states included in the census.
Calculating Full-Time Equivalent Employees
NCSEA uses “full time equivalent” employees, or FTEs, as
opposed to the number of individual employees. FTE is
representational of a single 30 hour per week block of
employment. We calculate FTE employees by multiplying
a company’s total number of North Carolina employees at
the time of the survey by the percentage of time that the
company spends operating in the clean energy industry.
FTEs provide a high degree of flexibility for accurately
modeling the equivalent man-hours spent working on
clean energy. For example, two employees who spend
50% of their time on clean energy would be calculated as
a clean energy FTE of 1.0.
Calculating Annual Revenue
NCSEA asks firms to report total North Carolina clean
energy revenue and the percent of revenue that is directly
attributable to clean energy activities for the previous fiscal
year. Therefore, all revenue data presented here is for the
last complete calendar year, 2012. Firms that do not want
to provide a specific clean energy revenue figure are
allowed to select a total revenue range. Revenue
calculations in this report rely on the following
methodology:
 Firms are asked to manually enter an estimate of
their total revenues from clean energy business in
North Carolina during the previous year.
 If a firm does not wish to provide an estimate of their
exact revenues from clean energy they are given the
option to select a range encompassing their total
revenue, as well as the percentage of their total
revenue derived from the clean energy industry.
 Firms that opted to select revenue range are assigned
the median value for each of their respective brackets.
In other words, a company falling in the “less than
$100,000” and brackets would be classified as
“$50,000.”
 Except in the case of firms selecting “$500 million or
more” as their revenue bracket. Firms in the “$500
million or more” bracket are assigned an income of
$500 million.
 The assigned revenue is then multiplied by that firm’s
indicated percentage of total revenue deriving from
the clean energy industry to calculate their total clean
energy revenue.
 The clean energy revenue for all firms is added
together to generate the aggregated revenue from
reporting firms.
 In the event that a firm entered both a numerical
value for revenue and a revenue range, the range was
given priority to prevent double counting.
Allocation of FTE and Revenue
Like 2012, the 2013 census allowed for companies to
report the percent of time they spend on multiple clean
energy business sectors and activities. Therefore, total
number of firms by business sector or business activity is a
larger number than unique firms that participated in the
Census. This methodology allows NCSEA to attribute both
FTE and revenue across business sectors and activities by
multiplying the percent of time that a company spends on
a particular sector or activity by the total number of FTE
and total revenue respectively. Staff time provided by
each respondent is therefore the best proxy for allocating
FTE and revenues across clean energy sectors and
activities.
Some organizations did not provide FTE information by
business sector or business activity. Therefore, totaling
FTEs by sector or activity yields a number smaller than the
total clean energy FTE.
www.energync.org

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Censo da Indústria de Energia Limpa da Carolina do Norte

  • 1. 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census January 2014
  • 3. Authors: Robin Aldina Jerry Carey Ivan Urlaub Design: Victoria Somol North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association: Founded in 1978, the North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association is a 501(c)3 nonprofit membership organization of individuals, businesses, government, and non-profits interested in North Carolina's sustainable energy future. Located in Raleigh, but active statewide, the North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association is the leading nonprofit in North Carolina devoted to driving public policy change and market development in ways that will create clean energy jobs, business opportunities, and affordable energy. Acknowledgements: The North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association would like to thank all of the firms that responded to the 2013 Southeast Clean Energy Industry Census. Additional thanks to the Center for Urban Affairs and Community Services at the North Carolina State University for assistance in programing the online survey and administering telephone interviews. NCSEA also deeply appreciates the efforts of partner organizations, Southface, the South Carolina Clean Energy Business Alliance, and the Virginia Energy Efficiency Council on the Southeast Clean Energy Industry Census. Special thanks goes to Shan Arora of Southface for his work coordinating data analysis efforts across these organizations, as well as providing editing for the North Carolina Census. This report and survey infrastructure are made possible through the generous support of the Energy Foundation. © 2013 North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association. Any distribution of a modification, recreation, edit, or any other change in content, appearance or other aspect of a part of the entirety of this document without the express written consent of the North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association is strictly forbidden.
  • 4. 4 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census INTRODUCTION I n 2008, the North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association (NCSEA) undertook a first of its kind survey of the clean energy industry in order to quantify its impact on the state’s economy and report the findings. The 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census (North Carolina Census) represents the sixth edition of this annual report prepared by NCSEA. 2013 is the inaugural year of an expanded geographic scope for the census. NCSEA’s North Carolina Census served as a template for this year’s broader four state effort, the Southeast Clean Energy Industry Census (Southeast Census).1 The Southeast Census surveyed companies, institutions, and organizations (collectively referred to as “firms” in this report) in North Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina and Virginia to understand employment, revenue, and policy drivers of various sectors and activities within each state’s and the southeast region’s clean energy industry. This report presents and analyzes the North Carolina Census results. Please visit www.cleanenergyindustry.org for information on the Southeast Census results. Data is self-reported by firms who classify themselves among a selection of clean energy business sectors and activities. Data in this report is only presented in aggregate in order to protect the privacy of these firms. Readers interested in additional analysis on census data and related market intelligence should contact NCSEA staff directly at info@energync.org with their questions.2 This report aims to provide a snapshot of the current state of the clean energy industry in North Carolina by addressing common questions such as:  How many firms are currently working in the various sectors within the clean energy industry, and what are their business activities?  How many people are employed by these firms?  How much revenue are these firms generating?  What are the drivers for growth in this industry going forward? NCSEA created the industry census to help measure the impact of North Carolina’s clean energy policies, and identify where policies are or are not achieving the results policymakers, economic developers and industry envisioned. Presenting analysis on employment, revenues, geographic presence, export activity, business hurdles, and growth potential in the industry, the North Carolina Census report has become an invaluable resource for stakeholders with a myriad of uses including:  Benchmarking the overall industry and specific sectors.  Supporting decision-makers in answering policy questions.  Promoting the success of clean energy policies, businesses, and industries.  Identifying policy challenges and possible solutions.  Tracking the development of clean energy markets in North Carolina. During the period from 2007-2012, policies such as the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard3 , the Renewable Energy Investment Tax Table 1: Business Sectors analyzed by NCSEA, 2013 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Overview Number of Responding Firms Statewide Clean Energy Employees Statewide Clean Energy Revenue 570 18,404 $3,584,441,125 Table 2: Overview of North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Results, 2013 Business Sector Abbreviation Solar Solar Wind Wind Biomass Biomass Hydroelectric Hydro Geothermal/Ground Source Heat Pumps Geothermal Smart Grid or AMI/AMR Infrastructure Smart Grid Energy Efficiency/Building Sciences EE Bldg Energy Storage (including fuel cells) Storage Alternative Fuels or Clean Fuel Vehicle Conversion Vehicles
  • 5. 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 5 Credit4 , and the Utility Savings Initiative5 allowed our clean energy industry to access the energy market, compete on price and quality, and build out a supply chain to the benefit of the entire North Carolina economy. Economic impact studies and this annual industry census have shown North Carolina’s clean energy industry and the policies that enable them to perform are a net benefit to both the state’s economy and electricity ratepayers. In February 2013, RTI International and La Capra Associates collaborated on a report quantifying the impacts of these initiatives and found the following6 :  Clean energy development has resulted in a net gain of 21,163 job years.7  Clean energy policies have generated $113 million in state revenues.  Energy efficiency programs saved the government an estimated $427 million in taxpayer money.  Enough energy has been generated or saved through renewable energy and energy efficiency projects (8.2 million MWh) to power all the homes in Charlotte, Raleigh, and Fayetteville for an entire year. Included in this years Census report are key North Carolina findings from analysis of data collected through the 2013 North Carolina Census, which captured full or partial responses from 570 firms operating within North Carolina. This represents approximately 52% of the estimated 1,100 firms currently conducting clean energy related business in North Carolina.8 This edition of the report, however, does not attempt to estimate the impacts of non-respondents. This report and the North Carolina data available at www.cleanenergyindustry.org present only the aggregated data provided by the 570 North Carolina clean energy firms that participated in the 2013 North Carolina Census. As a result, all estimates of employment, revenues, and demographics in this report are inherently conservative in nature, thus the true economic impact of the clean energy industry is indeed larger than what is presented here. The total number of firms providing data for a particular calculation is noted throughout the report, and response rates for all analyses are based on the estimated 1,100 clean energy firms operating in North Carolina.9 Please refer to Appendix A for greater detail of survey methodology. Table 3: Business Activities analyzed by NCSEA, 2013 Business Activity Abbreviation Research and Development R&D Manufacturing and Production Manufacturing New Energy Efficient Design and Construction EE Construction Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Existing Buildings EE Retrofitting Renewable Energy Systems Retailer or Distributor RE Retailer Renewable Energy Systems Installer Designer Developer RE Installer Power Generation Owner or Operator Generation Education, Services, and Consulting Services EMPLOYMENT T he clean energy industry continued its trend of expansion and economic development in North Carolina throughout 2013. North Carolina’s clean energy industry has added jobs each of the past six years, partially mitigating what would have been even greater employment losses across North Carolina and the nation during the Great Recession.10 The 562 responding firms (51% response rate) that provided employment data account for a reported 18,404 full-time equivalent (FTE) employees in North Carolina representing an increase of over 20% from 2012 numbers (15,200 FTE).11 The clean energy industry currently employs 18,404 full-time equivalent employees in North Carolina, up more than 20% from 2012.
  • 6. 6 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Table 4: North Carolina Clean Energy Organizations and Employment by Business Sector, 2013 Figure 1: Distribution of Organizations by Business Sector, 2013 Figure 2: Distribution of Employment by Business Sector, 2013 Clean energy firms operating in North Carolina occupy a diversity of business sectors, led by Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences (356 firms, 33% of respondents), Solar (240 firms, 22%), and Geothermal/Underground Heat Pumps (122 firms, 11%). Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences also led employment with 5,411 FTE (33%). Solar firms are also well represented, with the third highest employment numbers in 2013, accounting for 2,422 FTE (15%). Notably, Smart Grid or AMI/ AMR Infrastructure firms rank last in the number of firms in the marketplace (43 firms, 4%), but are second in employment with 4,177 FTE (25%). Sector # of Responding Firms % of Responding Firms Clean Energy FTE % State Clean Energy FTE Solar 240 22% 2,422 15% Wind 64 6% 632 4% Biomass 94 9% 1,277 8% Hydro 39 4% 953 6% Geothermal 122 11% 480 3% Smart Grid 43 4% 4,177 25% EE Bldg 356 33% 5,411 33% Storage 47 4% 544 3% Vehicles 70 7% 678 4% Sector Totals 1,075 100% 16,573 100% EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR The Smart Grid sector had the highest employment in 2013 with just over 97 FTE per firm. Hydroelectric firms were second with an average of nearly 24 FTE, followed by Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences with approximately 15 FTE per firm.
  • 7. 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 7 Table 5: North Carolina Clean Energy Organizations and Employment by Business Activity, 2013 Figure 3: Distribution of Organizations by Business Activity, 2013 Firms participate in a wide variety of clean energy business activities in North Carolina, with the largest portion of respondents (287 firms, 20% of total) reporting involvement in New Energy Efficient Design and Construction, Energy Efficient Retrofitting of Existing Buildings (269 firms, 19%), and Education, Services, and Consulting (248 firms, 18%). Interestingly, the business activities that had the greatest number of firms did not necessarily have the highest em- ployment. Education, Services, and Consulting led the way in employment in 2013 with 4,587 FTE (27% of the clean energy workforce), significantly higher than the 2,727 FTE (16%) reported in New Energy Efficient Design and Construction, and the 2,457 FTE (15%) in Research and Development. Activity # of Responding Firms % of Responding Firms Clean Energy FTE % State Clean Energy FTE R&D 157 11% 2,457 15% Manufacturing 104 7% 1,983 12% EE Construction 287 20% 2,727 16% EE Retrofitting 269 19% 1,614 10% RE Retailer 91 6% 453 3% RE Installer 200 14% 2,352 14% Generation 56 4% 580 3% Services 248 18% 4,587 27% Activity Totals 1,412 100% 16,753 100% Figure 4: Distribution of Employment by Business Activity, 2013 Manufacturing firms were the leading employers in 2013 with nearly 20 FTE per firm. Education, Services, and Consulting followed closely with 18.5 FTE, as did Research and Development firms with 15 FTE. EMPLOYMENT BY ACTIVITY
  • 8. 8 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Table 6: North Carolina Clean Energy Revenues by Business Sector, 2013 Going forward, the perspective for 2014 employment growth across the clean energy industry looks very favorable with firms reporting they will add jobs across all business sectors and activities. Business sectors with fewer firms currently participating are anticipating to be job providers in the future. Energy Storage, Alternative Fuels and Clean Fuel Vehicle Conversion, and Smart Grid or AMI/AMR Infrastructure each report that over 60% of firms are somewhat or very likely to add jobs over the next twelve months. In addition, between 64% and 68% of clean energy firms involved in Power Generation, Research and Development, and Manufacturing and Production expect to add jobs in 2014. These results show that each clean energy business sector in North Carolina grew in 2013 and will continue to grow through 2014. Industry clusters appear to be maturing and innovating, as indicated by the projected growth in the Smart Grid and AMI/AMR Infrastructure sector, as well as activities of Research and Development, and Manufacturing and Production. Between 64% and 68% of firms involved in Power Generation, Research and Development, and Manufacturing and Production expect to add jobs in 2014. T his year’s census captured revenue numbers from 443 firms (40% response rate) in North Carolina that cumulatively reported approximately $3.6 billion in gross revenues. NCSEA estimated that $3.6 billion in gross revenues were generated by the 443 clean energy firms in North Carolina disclosing their income. REVENUE Among business sectors, Solar is again a leader, generating $1.1B in 2013 to account for 30% of all earnings in the industry. It is followed closely by Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences with $985M (28%) in revenues, and Smart Grid or AMI/AMR Infrastructure with $611M (17%). The next highest earning sector is much lower with Energy Storage grossing $265M in revenues. Sector # of Responding Firms % of Responding Firms Clean Energy Revenues % State Clean Energy Revenue Solar 240 22% $1,059,567,129 30% Wind 64 6% $88,848,435 3% Biomass 94 9% $230,956,574 7% Hydro 39 4% $104,959,113 3% Geothermal 122 11% $88,527,387 3% Smart Grid 43 4% $611,421,713 17% EE Bldg 356 33% $984,712,339 28% Storage 47 4% $265,376,745 8% Vehicles 70 7% $66,934,200 2% Sector Totals 1,075 100% $3,501,303,633 100% REVENUE BY SECTOR EMPLOYMENT GOING FORWARD
  • 9. 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 9 Figure 7: Clean Energy Revenues by Business Activity, 2013 Figure 5: Clean Energy Revenues by Business Sector, 2013 Figure 6: Clean Energy Revenue Distribution by Business Sector, 2013 Clean energy revenue distribution across business activities shows again that Research and Development ($678M), New Energy Efficient Construction ($671M), and Education, Services and Consulting ($667M) are core to the clean energy industry. These three activities, combined with Renewable Energy Installation, Design, or Development account for nearly 75% of all the clean energy revenue generated by business activity in North Carolina over the last year. Figure 8: Clean Energy Revenue Distribution by Business Activity, 2013 REVENUE BY ACTIVITY
  • 10. 10 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census T his year’s census confirmed 620 widely distributed clean energy office locations throughout North Carolina belonging to 505 responding firms (46% response rate). Importantly, every region of the state is home to at least one clean energy firm. Clean energy firms have office locations in each of the economic and micro-economic regions in North Carolina. North Carolina clean energy firms remain small and specialized on the whole. GEOGRAPHY It is worth noting that the majority of firms in the North Carolina clean energy industry are specialized and have relatively small annual revenues. Data shows that 43% (213) of firms rely on clean energy activities for 100% of their revenues, and account for 82% ($2.9 billion) of total clean energy income within the state. Additionally, 38% (189) of firms earned less than $100,000 in clean energy revenue, but only made up 0.15% ($5.5 million) of the statewide total revenue. In contrast, the three firms deriving greater than $500M of revenue from clean energy business made up only 0.6% of respondents, but brought in nearly 42% ($1.5 billion) of all revenues. Figure 9: Map of North Carolina's Micro-Economic Regions In an effort to more closely match forthcoming changes in how the NC Department of Commerce characterizes economic development regions of the state, this year’s census includes a breakdown of firms into sixteen Micro-Economic Regions within North Carolina.12 Responses to the Census indicate that clean energy firms have office locations in each of the sixteen Micro- Economic Regions. Of these regions, the Triangle J Council of Governments contains the greatest number of clean energy offices (169), with the Centralina Council of Governments (93), Piedmont Triad Regional Council (67), and the Land-of-Sky Regional Council (58) also having a leading industry presence. GEOGRAPHY BY MICROECONOMIC REGION
  • 11. 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 11 Table 8: Clean Energy Office Locations and FTE by Economic Development Region, 2013 Table 7: Clean Energy Office Locations and FTE by Micro-Region, 2013 Micro-Region Offices FTE Micro-Region Offices FTE Triangle J Council of Governments 206 9,265 Albermarle Commission 13 628 Centralina Council of Governments 114 1,908 Mid-Carolina Council of Governments 13 117 Piedmont Triad Regional Council 87 490 Eastern Carolina Council of Governments 12 105 Land-of_Sky Regional Council 64 466 Kerr-Tar Regional Council of Governments 10 786 Cape Fear Council of Governments 40 206 Southwestern Commision 8 70 Western Piedmont Council of Governments 15 50 Isothermal Planning & Development Commision 5 1,146 High Country Council of Governments 14 104 Upper Coastal Plains Council of Governments 3 15 Mid-East Commission 13 836 Lumber River Council of Governments 3 1 Grand Total: 620 Offices, 16,194 FTE Looking at the distribution of firms by regional economic development partnership areas, the Research Triangle contains the greatest number of clean energy offices (218), followed by the Charlotte Region (127) and the Piedmont Triad (87).13 Please be aware that the NC Department of Commerce is continuing work to define the most effective geographic areas for economic partnership within the state. Therefore, it is likely that some of the regions presented in these figures will be modified in the future. Figure 10: Map of North Carolina's Economic Development Regions Region Offices FTE Research Triangle 218 10,082 Charlotte Regional 127 2,284 Advantage West 93 1,460 Piedmont Triad 87 490 Southeast 54 293 Northeast 22 1,446 Eastern 19 139 Grand Total 620 16,194 GEOGRAPHY BY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP
  • 12. 12 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Figure 9: Distribution of Companies Participating in various markets, 2013 W hile, the majority of North Carolina clean energy goods and services remain close to home, the clean energy industry has achieved a significant and increasing penetration into regional, national and international markets. Approximately 49% (435 firms) of all responding firms indicated that they participated in local markets within 100 miles of their office locations, 27% (245) entered regional markets up to 500 miles away, 16% (145) of firms have a national reach, and about 8% (68) operated internationally. Table 9: Distribution of Market Participation by Business Sector, 2013 Table 10: Distribution of Market Participation by Business Activity, 2013 Activity Local Markets Regional Markets National Markets International Markets R&D 37% 27% 23% 13% Manufacturing 39% 26% 21% 14% EE Construction 55% 25% 14% 6% EE Retrofitting 55% 27% 13% 5% RE Retailer 45% 29% 17% 8% RE Installer 47% 29% 17% 7% Generation 47% 30% 18% 5% Services 41% 31% 19% 9% Sector Local Markets Regional Markets National Markets International Markets Solar 42% 30% 20% 9% Wind 30% 31% 24% 15% Biomass 35% 32% 21% 12% Hydro 41% 30% 21% 8% Geothermal 54% 27% 12% 7% Smart Grid 31% 27% 29% 14% EE Bldg 53% 27% 13% 7% Storage 27% 26% 27% 19% Vehicles 37% 25% 23% 15% EXPORTS Participation in each market, however, was not equally distributed across all business sectors and activities. Firms active in energy storage, alternative fuels, and smart grid infrastructure had broader reach, as opposed to geothermal and hydroelectric activities, which were grounded in local markets. Additionally, Research and Development, and Manufacturing and Production firms had better than average penetration into national and international markets, while firms working in energy efficiency operated mostly in local markets.
  • 13. 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census 13 T he clean energy industry in North Carolina has experienced rapid growth since the first census report in 2008 with increases in the number of firms, revenues, and employment. In an effort to determine what will drive continued growth across the industry, NCSEA solicited opinions from census respondents. Firms indicated that they would consider a wide range of both policy and market factors when deciding to add jobs during the next year. Access to incentives is their primary consideration, with 54% of all firms naming it as a factor in their decision. Additionally, 53% of firms indicated that consumer awareness will be critical to growing their business and therefore play a role in their hiring. Also vital to the continued employment growth in North Carolina’s clean energy industry will be matching the skills of the available workforce to the needs of the firms operating in the space. Across all business sectors and activities, 39% of firms observed a gap in Engineering and Design skills. An additional 33% of all firms indicated a gap in Customer Service and Sales expertise, and 26% of all firms indicated that they are lacking employees versed in Energy Auditing. The latter point is likely a result of the high number of firms focusing on Energy Efficiency and Building Sciences. These are areas of potential job growth as well as an indication that more training may be needed in these skill areas. Finally, firms were given an opportunity to indicate which policies are the most important to their business. While there were a wide variety of responses across firms, one stood out as important to the industry as a whole. In 2013, nearly three of every four clean energy firms in North Carolina suggested that Streamlining and Standardizing Permitting are needed in order to improve the industry and market. This was a trend noticed by NCSEA, as the percent of firms indicating the importance of improved permitting has increased steadily since 2009. In an effort to resolve this issue for one of the most active sectors of the North Carolina clean energy market, NCSEA has collaborated with the North Carolina Solar Center to develop a Template Solar Ordinance. The intent of this template approach is to facilitate the adoption of a consistent and applicable solar development ordinance for cities and counties throughout North Carolina. For more information on the Solar Ordinance please refer to http://energync.org/ resources/publications/ to view the document. 3 of 4 clean energy firms in North Carolina indicated that Standardized and Streamlined Permitting would benefit the industry. Skill Gaps:  Engineering and Design  Customer Service/Sales  Energy Auditing  High Performance Building  Electrical Systems/Wiring FUTURE GROWTH “The numbers in this year’s Census leave no doubt that the clean energy industry is continuing to emerge as a valuable contributor to the state’s economy,” said Ivan Urlaub, Executive Director for NCSEA. “But growth like this doesn’t happen by accident or chance. It is the result of entrepreneurs, investors and workers receiving a clear message that North Carolina is ‘open for business,’ and that only comes about through good clean energy policy.”
  • 14. 14 2013 North Carolina Clean Energy Industry Census Endnotes: 1. The Southeast Census is a partnership between the NCSEA, South Carolina Clean Energy Business Alliance (SCCEBA), Southface in Georgia, and the Virginia Energy Efficiency Council (VAEEC). 2. Since 2008, NCSEA has expanded its data collection to include over twenty unique datasets measuring a diversity of market factors such as costs, projects, and resources. On a fee-for-service basis, NCSEA can assist private, public and non-profit entities needing more customized intelligence into clean energy market and policy in North Carolina. 3. NC Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard - Available at: www.ncuc.commerce.state.nc.us/reps/reps.htm 4. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 105-129.15 et seq. Available at: http://www.ncleg.net/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByArticle/Chapter_105/Article_3B.html 5. Utility Savings Initiative – Available at: www.energync.net/utility-savings-initiative 6. The Economic, Utility Portfolio, and Rate Impact of Clean Energy Development in North Carolina - Available at: www.energync.org/assets/files/RTI%20Study% 202013.pdf 7. One job year represents full-time employment for an individual over 12 months. Two job years could be equivalent to an individual being employed full-time for two years, or two individuals being employed full-time for one year. 8. Based on further analysis, NCSEA determined that there are an additional 530 clean energy firms active in North Carolina that did not participate in the 2013 North Carolina Census. 9. e.g. Responses from 443 firms yields a response rate of 40% (443/1,100=0.40) 10. National data available at: www.bls.gov, North Carolina specific data: www.nccommerce.com/lead 11. 2012 North Carolina Clean Energy Industries Census – www.energync.org/assets/files/2012Census.pdf 12. NC Regional Councils – Available at: http://www.ncregions.org/regional-map/ 13. North Carolina Economic Development Regional Partnerships – Available at: www.nccommerce.com/about-our-department/partners-allies; the number of office locations is smaller than past annual results because only responding firms are included in this year’s results, even though the address of non-responding firms is known. CONCLUSION T he clean energy industry in North Carolina has approximately 1,100 operating firms, 570 of which responded to the 2013 North Carolina Census questions representing approximately 52% of the industry. Located throughout the state, these firms engage in a wide array of business activities, and represent a diversity of revenue and employment levels, as well as growth opportunities. NCSEA calculates that these firms generated $3.6 billion in revenue, and employed more than 18,404 full-time equivalent positions in 2013. Firms have office locations across all economic regions of the state, and supply products and services to local, regional, national, and international markets. Education, Services, and Consulting firms lead the way in terms of employment and revenues, followed by Research and Development, and New Energy Efficient Design and Construction. The greatest proportional increase in clean energy jobs is expected in three activities critical to North Carolina’s ongoing economic resurgence, including Manufacturing and Production, Research and Development, and Power Generation. And while Solar and Energy Efficiency and Building Science tend to be major business sectors based on the high number of firms participating, Smart Grid or AMI/AMR Infrastructure firms continue to punch above their weight relative to the rest of the clean energy industry in terms of both employment and revenue. With 60% of Smart Grid and Energy Storage firms anticipating job growth in 2014, North Carolina continues to be a leading industry hub for Smart Grid and possesses a potentially emerging Energy Storage market. It is therefore important that North Carolina energy policies are shaped in a way that supports these industries. Plans for deployment of smart grid infrastructure should be well thought-out, and regulations regarding the large amount of data advanced metering creates will need to be developed. Importantly, all sectors of the clean energy industry anticipate adding additional jobs in 2014. These jobs, however, hinge on both political and market factors related to incentive access and consumer awareness. Additionally, look for job postings in Engineering and Design, Customer Service and Sales, and Energy Auditing, as those are skills gaps that firms are looking to fill. Further, the clean energy industry will look for streamlined and standardized permitting procedures to improve the ease of conducting business in North Carolina. Finally, firms both incumbent and entering North Carolina will look for a stable regulatory landscape that allows the clean energy industry to continue the growth trend it has been experiencing since the NCSEA began aggregating census data in 2008. Uncertainty in the policy arena could have negative effects as firms will be hesitant to invest in an unpredictable marketplace.
  • 15. APPENDIX A: METHODOLOGY Identifying Clean Energy Firms in North Carolina  NCSEA compiled a preliminary list of companies, organizations, and institutions potentially conducting clean energy business in NC.  NCSEA performed research assessing whether each identified firm was indeed involved in a clean energy business sector included in the Census.  For firms deemed to be within the scope, NCSEA identified primary and secondary contacts and obtained their e-mail and telephone information.  NCSEA shared its preliminary list of clean energy firms with its partners Southface, SCCEBA, and VAEEC in order to eliminate duplicate entries.  The final list of North Carolina clean energy firms was delivered to the North Carolina State University Center for Urban Affairs and Community Services (NC State). NC State conducted the online survey and follow-up phone calls. Performing the Survey NCSEA sent a survey e-mail to each North Carolina firm, which included a hyperlink to the online survey, as well as unique login and password credentials. NCSEA sent multiple reminder e-mails to those North Carolina firms that had not completed the online survey. NC State commenced phone interviews with North Carolina firms that had not yet completed the online survey. The survey closed on October 14, 2013. Results in this report are specific to business conducted within North Carolina only. Please see cleanenergyindustry.org for aggregate results from all states included in the census. Calculating Full-Time Equivalent Employees NCSEA uses “full time equivalent” employees, or FTEs, as opposed to the number of individual employees. FTE is representational of a single 30 hour per week block of employment. We calculate FTE employees by multiplying a company’s total number of North Carolina employees at the time of the survey by the percentage of time that the company spends operating in the clean energy industry. FTEs provide a high degree of flexibility for accurately modeling the equivalent man-hours spent working on clean energy. For example, two employees who spend 50% of their time on clean energy would be calculated as a clean energy FTE of 1.0. Calculating Annual Revenue NCSEA asks firms to report total North Carolina clean energy revenue and the percent of revenue that is directly attributable to clean energy activities for the previous fiscal year. Therefore, all revenue data presented here is for the last complete calendar year, 2012. Firms that do not want to provide a specific clean energy revenue figure are allowed to select a total revenue range. Revenue calculations in this report rely on the following methodology:  Firms are asked to manually enter an estimate of their total revenues from clean energy business in North Carolina during the previous year.  If a firm does not wish to provide an estimate of their exact revenues from clean energy they are given the option to select a range encompassing their total revenue, as well as the percentage of their total revenue derived from the clean energy industry.  Firms that opted to select revenue range are assigned the median value for each of their respective brackets. In other words, a company falling in the “less than $100,000” and brackets would be classified as “$50,000.”  Except in the case of firms selecting “$500 million or more” as their revenue bracket. Firms in the “$500 million or more” bracket are assigned an income of $500 million.  The assigned revenue is then multiplied by that firm’s indicated percentage of total revenue deriving from the clean energy industry to calculate their total clean energy revenue.  The clean energy revenue for all firms is added together to generate the aggregated revenue from reporting firms.  In the event that a firm entered both a numerical value for revenue and a revenue range, the range was given priority to prevent double counting. Allocation of FTE and Revenue Like 2012, the 2013 census allowed for companies to report the percent of time they spend on multiple clean energy business sectors and activities. Therefore, total number of firms by business sector or business activity is a larger number than unique firms that participated in the Census. This methodology allows NCSEA to attribute both FTE and revenue across business sectors and activities by multiplying the percent of time that a company spends on a particular sector or activity by the total number of FTE and total revenue respectively. Staff time provided by each respondent is therefore the best proxy for allocating FTE and revenues across clean energy sectors and activities. Some organizations did not provide FTE information by business sector or business activity. Therefore, totaling FTEs by sector or activity yields a number smaller than the total clean energy FTE.